Abstract: An optical element holding structure, having: an optical element including an optical section having optical function, an outer peripheral portion which is positioned at the outer peripheral side of the optical section and a mounting portion which protrudes from the outer peripheral portion in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis; and a lens barrel holding the optical element inside.

Abstract: A method of working an optical element for producing an optical element having a microscopic pattern, comprising a pattern drawing step for forming a specified pattern corresponding to said optical element on a base material including a layer of pattern drawing object, wherein said layer of pattern drawing object has a curved surface, and said specified pattern is drawn by the application of an electron beam to said layer of pattern drawing object.

Abstract: An optical bidirectional module 10 having therein light emitting element 11 which transmits optical signal to the end facet of the optical fiber, light receiving element 12 which receives optical signal from the end facet of the optical fiber and stair-shaped multi-level grating 15, wherein the stair-shaped multi-level grating separates the first light path between the end facet of optical fiber and the light emitting element and the second light path between the end facet of optical fiber and the light receiving element by a different wavelength of each optical signal, when the module mixes and separates optical signal with different wavelengths traveling in opposite directions related to the end facet of the optical fiber 1, used for bidirectional optical fiber communication by means of a wavelength multiplex system.

Abstract: An optical element holding structure, having: an optical element including an optical section having optical function, an outer peripheral portion which is positioned at the outer peripheral side of the optical section and a mounting portion which protrudes from the outer peripheral portion in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis; and a lens barrel holding the optical element inside.

Abstract: An optical bidirectional module 10 having therein light emitting element 11 which transmits optical signal to the end facet of the optical fiber, light receiving element 12 which receives optical signal from the end facet of the optical fiber and stair-shaped multi-level grating 15, wherein the stair-shaped multi-level grating separates the first light path between the end facet of optical fiber and the light emitting element and the second light path between the end facet of optical fiber and the light receiving element by a different wavelength of each optical signal, when the module mixes and separates optical signal with different wavelengths traveling in opposite directions related to the end facet of the optical fiber 1, used for bidirectional optical fiber communication by means of a wavelength multiplex system.

Abstract: A method of working an optical element for producing an optical element having a microscopic pattern, comprising a pattern drawing step for forming a specified pattern corresponding to said optical element on a base material including a layer of pattern drawing object, wherein said layer of pattern drawing object has a curved surface, and said specified pattern is drawn by the application of an electron beam to said layer of pattern drawing object.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for measuring capacitances between electrodes of an ink-jetting head. The apparatus includes a multi-probe having a plurality of probes to contact a plurality of electrode rows as one lump contact, each of the probes contacting one of the electrode rows and a plurality of the probes being divided into a predetermined number of groups. The apparatus further includes a plurality of scanners, each of which corresponds to each of the groups, to sequentially switch contacting-terminals of a plurality of the probes and a plurality of capacitance-measuring devices, each of which corresponds to each of the scanners, to measure capacitances between electrodes in all of the groups in parallel.

Abstract: A method of working an optical element for producing an optical element having a microscopic pattern, comprising a pattern drawing step for forming a specified pattern corresponding to said optical element on a base material including a layer of pattern drawing object, wherein said layer of pattern drawing object has a curved surface, and said specified pattern is drawn by the application of an electron beam to said layer of pattern drawing object.

Abstract: Support members are provided on the terminal portions of a sensor main body. In this state, a seal portion is formed by molding, and the seal portion seals the terminal portions of the sensor main body. During molding, external pressure acts on a housing. However, since four electrode wires pulled out from the housing are supported by insulating support members, the four electrode wires do not contact one another due to the pressure applied during molding, and thus do not short-circuit.

Abstract: Support members are provided on the terminal portions of a sensor main body. In this state, a seal portion is formed by molding, and the seal portion seals the terminal portions of the sensor main body. During molding, external pressure acts on a housing. However, since four electrode wires pulled out from the housing are supported by insulating support members, the four electrode wires do not contact one another due to the pressure applied during molding, and thus do not short-circuit.

Abstract: Support members are provided on the terminal portions of a sensor main body. In this state, a seal portion is formed by molding, and the seal portion seals the terminal portions of the sensor main body. During molding, external pressure acts on a housing. However, since four electrode wires pulled out from the housing are supported by insulating support members, the four electrode wires do not contact one another due to the pressure applied during molding, and thus do not short-circuit.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method and an apparatus for measuring capacitances between electrodes of an ink-jetting head, etc. The apparatus includes a multi-probe having a plurality of probes to contact a plurality of electrode rows as one lump contact, each of the probes contacting one of the electrode rows and a plurality of the probes being divided into a predetermined number of groups; a plurality of scanners, each of which corresponds to each of the groups, to sequentially switch contacting-terminals of a plurality of the probes; and a plurality of capacitance-measuring devices, each of which corresponds to each of the scanners, to measure capacitances between electrodes in all of the groups in parallel.

Abstract: In order to provide a cord switch which can securely catch the ON/OFF operations, can cancel an erroneous operation by preventing the contact between electrodes caused by bending of the cord switch, and have a positive sensibility for the pressurization in all directions and a high reliability, at least two wire electrodes are spirally arranged along the inner surface of an insulator which is hollowed in the cross section and comprises a restorative rubber or plastic material in the longitudinal direction in a situation where the wire electrodes are not electrically contacted each other, and the wire electrodes are fixed to the hollowed insulator in a state where the wire electrodes are projected from the insulator.

Abstract: Support members are provided on the terminal portions of a sensor main body. In this state, a seal portion is formed by molding, and the seal portion seals the terminal portions of the sensor main body. During molding, external pressure acts on a housing. However, since four electrode wires pulled out from the housing are supported by insulating support members, the four electrode wires do not contact one another due to the pressure applied during molding, and thus do not short-circuit.

Abstract: Support members are provided on the terminal portions of a sensor main body. In this state, a seal portion is formed by molding, and the seal portion seals the terminal portions of the sensor main body. During molding, external pressure acts on a housing. However, since four electrode wires pulled out from the housing are supported by insulating support members, the four electrode wires do not contact one another due to the pressure applied during molding, and thus do not short-circuit.

Abstract: In order to provide a cord switch which can reliably carry ON/OFF operations, can cancel an erroneous operation by preventing contact between electrodes caused by bending of the cord switch, and have a positive sensitivity for pressurization in all directions and high reliability, at least two wire electrodes are spirally arranged along the inner surface of an insulator which is hollowed in cross section and comprises a restorative rubber or plastic material in the longitudinal direction. The wire electrodes are not electrically contacting each other, and the wire electrodes are fixed to the hollowed insulator such that the wire electrodes are projected from the insulator.