Abstract: The present invention discloses color pattern manufacturing method comprising the steps of forming a conductive film having an arbitrary pattern on a substrate, forming a colored layer on the conductive film by electrodeposition, and forming a method film having an arbitrary pattern on the colored layer to shield undesirable light transmittance through between the arbitrary patterns of the colored layer, so that the color filter having high quality is made by remarkably simple process.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing iron(III) hexacyanoferrate(II) as a blue insoluble product on the surface of a working electrode is disclosed which comprises immersing a pair of electrodes in a solution mixture of an iron(III) ion-containing solution and a hexacyanoferrate(III) ion-containing solution and effecting electrolysis with one of the electrodes as an anode and the other as a cathode, whereby iron(III) hexacyanoferrate(II) is deposited on the surface of the cathode.

Abstract: A color electrooptical device is disclosed wherein an active matrix substrate and a color filter substrate face each other and are disposed spaced apart a predetermined distance. A plurality of color filters are formed on the color filter substrate. A protection film is formed on the color filter substrate and on the color filters. The protection film is capable of adhering to the color filters and to a transparent conductive film. The transparent conductive film is formed on the protection film. A metal film is formed on the transparent conductive film which is effective for decreasing the resistivity of the transparent conductive film. A liquid crystal is sealed between the active matrix substrate and the color filter substrate and a plurality of switching elements are formed on the active matrix substrate. The metal film comprises a light blocking chromium film etched into a grid shape.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electro-optical device comprising two opposite substrates, a material having an electro-optical effect and sealed between the two opposite substrates, a large number of row electrodes formed on one of the two opposite substrates, a large number of column electrodes formed on the other of the two opposite substrates, and pixel electrodes, pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix form on at least one of the two opposite substrates, and nonlinear resistance elements arranged in a matrix form on at least one of the two opposite substrates, wherein a plurality of nonlinear resistance elements are formed on each of the pixel electrodes, the each pixel electrode is connected to a first row or column electrode through a first nonlinear resistance element and to a second row or column electrode through a second nonlinear resistance element, a signal is applied to the pair of row electrodes or column electrodes to control the resistances of the pair of nonlinear resistance element to cause the nonlinear re

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a color member, e.g., a color filter for a display device. A conductive thin film layer having given plural patterns is formed on an electrically insulative substrate. On the conductive thin film layer, a colored layer is formed by electrodepositing a coloring material and polymer on the conductive layer. The substrate having the colored layer thereon is cut to produce plural color members.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal element with an improved orientation layer and a coating composition for forming such an orientation layer. The orientation layer consists essentially of a polymer with a Mark-Houwink coefficient of not less than 0.85, the Mark-Houwink coefficient being represented by the formula [I]:[.eta.]=K.multidot.M.sup..alpha. [I]wherein [.eta.] represents intrinsic viscosity of the polymer determined by solution viscosity measuring method, K represents a constant, M represents molecular weight of the polymer, and .alpha. represents the Mark-Houwink coefficient. The coating composition comprises a polyfumaric acid ester represented by the formula [I]: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, are the same or different and each represents a straight or branched alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, haloalkyl group, silalkyl group or siloxanylalkyl group; and a halogen-containing organic solvent.

Abstract: A colored article, e.g., a multicolored filter for a display device, comprises a first electroconductive layer with a low resistance formed on a substrate. A second electroconductive layer resistant to electrolytic corrosion and comprised, e.g., of SnO.sub.2, Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3, ZnO, CdO, Ga.sub.2 O.sub.3, Au, Ag, Ni, Al and Si, is formed directly on the first layer. A color layer is formed on the second layer by electrodeposition to impart a desired color tone to the article.

Abstract: A color member, for example, a multicolor filter for a display device, and a method for manufacturing the same. An electroconductive layer having a desired pattern is formed on a substrate. A colored layer containing a polymer and a coloring matter is formed on the electroconductive layer by electrodeposition. The polymer and the coloring matter contained in the colored layer are chemically bonded to each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device utilizing a ferroelectric liquid crystal, e.g., a chiral smectic liquid crystal aligned to establish two bi-stable display states. The display device is driven in a time-sharing mode. The change of the bi-stable display states is effected by applying a selected voltage to the changed ferro-electric liquid crystal. Thereafter the display state is held by applying an A.C. pulse voltage.

Abstract: A liquid crystal matrix type multi-color display is provided incorporating transistor structure and wherein the display electrodes are energized from the transistor drain circuit in an electroplating both to coat and color the display electrodes.

Abstract: An electrically conductive composition for electrodeposition coating comprises (A) a pigment and at least one cationic high molecular resin and (B) electrically conductive ultra-fine particles having an average particle diameter less than 0.8 .mu., the amount of (A) being 96-50% by weight and the amount of (B) being 4-50% by weight of the total solid content of the composition.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having a multi-color display is fabricated with a plurality of display electrodes on a first substrate, on which a color filter is selectively formed by electro-depositing a polymer together with coloring matter and electroconductive particles so that the display electrodes have different colors and electroconductivity. A counter electrode is formed on a second substrate and a liquid crystal material is sandwiched between the first and second substrates, so that the material serves, in operation, as a light shutter controlled by the voltage applied between said color filter via said display electrodes and the counter electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making a color filter for a solid state imaging device involving forming plural, spaced apart transparent electroconductive layers, insulated from one another, on a substrate and a layer of light absorbing material in the spaces between the spaced-apart layers. Co-electrodeposition of a coloring material and a polymer is used to deposit a colored layer on the electroconductive layers.

Abstract: A multicolor display device and its method of manufacture which comprises providing first and second spaced and opposed substrates, forming a pattern of separate groups of display electrodes on the surface of the first substrate which faces the second substrate, depositing and electrolytically oxidizing an aluminum film on each display electrode, dying the oxidized films on each separate group of display electrodes a color tone which is different from the color tones of the other display electrode groups, forming a counter electrode pattern on the surface of the second substrate, and disposing a display material in the space between the spaced apart first and second substrates.

Abstract: Multicolor filters are produced by forming a conductive thin film layer having a given pattern on a insulated substrate, and electrodepositing colored polymers on the conductive thin film layer.

Abstract: An electrochromic display device comprises an electrolyte contained between a pair of spaced-apart substrates. A set of electrodes are disposed on at least one of the substrates in contact with the electrolyte and a layer of electrochromic material is disposed on at least one of the electrodes to define a display electrode. The electrochromic material comprises a color-reversible salt of iron(III) hexacyanoferrate(II) which, depending on its oxidation-reduction state, exhibits different colors. A source of electric charge is connected through circuitry to effect reversible electrochemical oxidation and reduction of the salt of iron(III) hexacyanoferrate(II) to effect a corresponding reversible color change exhibited by the display electrode.

Abstract: A functional electrode is disclosed which is usable as an electrochromic display electrode, as a catalytic electrode effective to catalyze the evolution of oxygen and chlorine gases and the like. The electrode is composed of a conductor and a film deposited on the surface of the conductor, the film being comprised of a compound of the formula M.sup.I M(III)[M'(II)(CN).sub.6 ] or M(III).sub.4 [M'(II)(CN).sub.6 ].sub.3 wherein M(III) is Fe(III), Ru(III) or Os(III), M'(II) is FE(II), Ru(II) or Os(II) and M.sup.I is an alkali metal cation, with the proviso that said compound does not contain both Fe(III) and Fe(II). The functional electrode is produced by electrodepositing a compound of the formula M.sup.I M(III)[M'(II)(CN.sub.6)] or M(III).sub.4 [M'(II)(CN).sub.6 ].sub.3 on a conductor, from an aqueous solution containing M(III) ions and [M'(III)(CN).sub.6 ].sup.3- ions, wherein M(III), M'(II) and M.sup.

Abstract: An electrochromic display device having a simplified driving circuit. A colored display is performed by injecting an electric charge into the electrochromic layers of predetermined segments. The electric charge is transferred to the electrochromic layers of the other segments by applying a DC electric field between the predetermined segments and other segments to thereby change the display state.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device utilizing a ferroelectric liquid crystal, e.g., a chiral smectic liquid crystal aligned to establish two bi-stable display states. The display device is driven in a time-sharing mode. The change of the bi-stable display states is effected by applying a selected voltage to the changed ferro-electric liquid crystal. Thereafter the display state is held by applying an A.C. pulse voltage.