Abstract: An autonomous driving vehicle provides a driverless transportation service for a user. An alarming phenomenon is a natural phenomenon that potentially causes a disaster. The autonomous driving vehicle recognizes, based on driving environment information, the alarming phenomenon at a current location of the autonomous driving vehicle or on a planned travel route from the current location to a destination. When recognizing the alarming phenomenon, the autonomous driving vehicle determines whether to continue or halt vehicle travel control in accordance with a current travel plan. When determining to halt the vehicle travel control in accordance with the current travel plan, the autonomous driving vehicle sets an emergency plan depending on a type of the alarming phenomenon and controls the autonomous driving vehicle in accordance with the emergency plan.

Abstract: An autonomous driving vehicle provides a driverless transportation service for a user. An alarming phenomenon is a natural phenomenon that potentially causes a disaster. The autonomous driving vehicle recognizes, based on driving environment information, the alarming phenomenon at a current location of the autonomous driving vehicle or on a planned travel route from the current location to a destination. When recognizing the alarming phenomenon, the autonomous driving vehicle determines whether to continue or halt vehicle travel control in accordance with a current travel plan. When determining to halt the vehicle travel control in accordance with the current travel plan, the autonomous driving vehicle sets an emergency plan depending on a type of the alarming phenomenon and controls the autonomous driving vehicle in accordance with the emergency plan.

Abstract: A device according to the present disclosure is a workpiece retaining device 10 that retains a retained portion 110 of an axial-directional end portion of a workpiece 100 that is cylindrical. The workpiece retaining device 10 includes a core member 32 that is round and that comes into contact an inner perimeter face of the retained portion 110 of the workpiece 100, a pressing member 33 that presses an outer perimeter face of the retained portion 110 of the workpiece 100 to an inner side in a radial direction, and an aligning member 44 that, upon a pressing force from the pressing member 33 acting thereupon, allows the core member 32 to move in the radial direction, in accordance with a magnitude and a direction of the pressing force.

Abstract: Energy consumption of a temperature control unit can be reduced. A flexible pipe 13 includes a bellows pipe 130 made of a metal and an inner tube 131. The inner tube 131 is provided at an inner side of the bellows pipe 130, and an inner surface of the inner tube where a fluid flows is smooth. The inner surface of the inner tube 131 where the fluid flows may be smoother than a surface of a braided body. Further, the inner tube 131 may be made of, for example, a conductive material. An inner side of the inner tube 131 where the fluid flows may be coated with a conductive film.

Abstract: A carbon catalyst has a carbon structure with a crystallite size Lc falling within 0.90 nm or more and 1.20 nm or less calculated through use of a Bragg angle of a diffraction peak fbroad at a diffraction angle 2? of 24.0°±4.0° obtained by separating a diffraction peak in the vicinity of a diffraction angle 2? of 26° in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by powder X-ray diffraction using a CuK? ray, and a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 97 ?mol/g or less, a total of a carbon monoxide desorption amount and a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 647 ?mol/g or less, or a carbon monoxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 549 ?mol/g or less in a temperature programmed desorption method including measuring a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 25° C. to 1,200° C.

Abstract: A carbon catalyst has a carbon structure with a crystallite size Lc falling within 0.90 nm or more and 1.20 nm or less calculated through use of a Bragg angle of a diffraction peak fbroad at a diffraction angle 2? of 24.0°±4.0° obtained by separating a diffraction peak in the vicinity of a diffraction angle 2? of 26° in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by powder X-ray diffraction using a CuK? ray, and a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 97 ?mol/g or less, a total of a carbon monoxide desorption amount and a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 647 ?mol/g or less, or a carbon monoxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 549 ?mol/g or less in a temperature programmed desorption method including measuring a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 25° C. to 1,200° C.

Abstract: A novel method for producing a porous carbon material which makes it possible to easily produce a porous carbon material having a desired shape. The method includes immersing a carbon-containing material having a desired shape and composed of a compound, alloy or non-equilibrium alloy containing carbon in a metal bath, the metal bath having a solidification point that is lower than a melting point of the carbon-containing material, the metal bath being controlled to a lower temperature than a minimum value of a liquidus temperature within a compositional fluctuation range extending from the carbon-containing material to carbon by decreasing the other non-carbon main components, to thereby selectively elute the other non-carbon main components into the metal bath while maintaining an external shape of the carbon-containing material to give a porous carbon material having microvoids.

Abstract: A novel method for producing a porous carbon material which makes it possible to easily produce a porous carbon material having a desired shape; and a spherical porous carbon material are provided. The method includes immersing a carbon-containing material having a desired shape and composed of a compound, alloy or non-equilibrium alloy containing carbon in a metal bath, the metal bath having a solidification point that is lower than a melting point of the carbon-containing material, the metal bath being controlled to a lower temperature than a minimum value of a liquidus temperature within a compositional fluctuation range extending from the carbon-containing material to carbon by decreasing the other non-carbon main components, to thereby selectively elute the other non-carbon main components into the metal bath while maintaining an external shape of the carbon-containing material to give a porous carbon material having microvoids.

Abstract: Condensation on a member of a processing apparatus can be suppressed. A condensation suppressing method of suppressing condensation in a processing apparatus configured to perform a processing on a processing target object includes a first measurement process, a second measurement process and a first control process. In the first measurement process, a first surface temperature of a member of the processing apparatus, which is exposed within a closed space, is measured. In the second measurement process, a dew-point temperature of air within the closed space is measured. In the first control process, a supply amount of low-dew-point air, which has a dew-point temperature lower than a dew-point temperature of air outside the processing apparatus, into the closed space is controlled based on the first surface temperature and the dew-point temperature of the air within the closed space.

Abstract: A novel method for producing a porous carbon material which makes it possible to easily produce a porous carbon material having a desired shape. The method includes immersing a carbon-containing material having a desired shape and composed of a compound, alloy or non-equilibrium alloy containing carbon in a metal bath, the metal bath having a solidification point that is lower than a melting point of the carbon-containing material, the metal bath being controlled to a lower temperature than a minimum value of a liquidus temperature within a compositional fluctuation range extending from the carbon-containing material to carbon by decreasing the other non-carbon main components, to thereby selectively elute the other non-carbon main components into the metal bath while maintaining an external shape of the carbon-containing material to give a porous carbon material having microvoids.

Abstract: A carbon catalyst has a carbon structure with a crystallite size Lc falling within 0.90 nm or more and 1.20 nm or less calculated through use of a Bragg angle of a diffraction peak fbroad at a diffraction angle 2? of 24.0°±4.0° obtained by separating a diffraction peak in the vicinity of a diffraction angle 2? of 26° in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by powder X-ray diffraction using a CuK? ray, and a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 97 ?mol/g or less, a total of a carbon monoxide desorption amount and a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 647 ?mol/g or less, or a carbon monoxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 549 ?mol/g or less in a temperature programmed desorption method including measuring a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 25° C. to 1,200° C.

Abstract: Condensation on a member of a processing apparatus can be suppressed. A condensation suppressing method of suppressing condensation in a processing apparatus configured to perform a processing on a processing target object includes a first measurement process, a second measurement process and a first control process. In the first measurement process, a first surface temperature of a member of the processing apparatus, which is exposed within a closed space, is measured. In the second measurement process, a dew-point temperature of air within the closed space is measured. In the first control process, a supply amount of low-dew-point air, which has a dew-point temperature lower than a dew-point temperature of air outside the processing apparatus, into the closed space is controlled based on the first surface temperature and the dew-point temperature of the air within the closed space.

Abstract: Energy consumption of a temperature control unit can be reduced. A flexible pipe 13 includes a bellows pipe 130 made of a metal and an inner tube 131. The inner tube 131 is provided at an inner side of the bellows pipe 130, and an inner surface of the inner tube where a fluid flows is smooth. The inner surface of the inner tube 131 where the fluid flows may be smoother than a surface of a braided body. Further, the inner tube 131 may be made of, for example, a conductive material. An inner side of the inner tube 131 where the fluid flows may be coated with a conductive film.

Abstract: A novel method for producing a porous carbon material which makes it possible to easily produce a porous carbon material having a desired shape; and a spherical porous carbon material are provided. The method includes immersing a carbon-containing material having a desired shape and composed of a compound, alloy or non-equilibrium alloy containing carbon in a metal bath, the metal bath having a solidification point that is lower than a melting point of the carbon-containing material, the metal bath being controlled to a lower temperature than a minimum value of a liquidus temperature within a compositional fluctuation range extending from the carbon-containing material to carbon by decreasing the other non-carbon main components, to thereby selectively elute the other non-carbon main components into the metal bath while maintaining an external shape of the carbon-containing material to give a porous carbon material having microvoids.

Abstract: A method for producing a carbon composite material to reduce costs; and a carbon composite material includes a dealloying step of immersing a carbon-containing material composed of a compound, alloy or non-equilibrium alloy containing carbon in a metal bath, the metal bath having a solidification point lower than a melting point of the carbon-containing material, the metal bath being controlled to a lower temperature than a minimum value of a liquidus temperature within a compositional fluctuation range extending from the carbon-containing material to carbon by decreasing other non-carbon main components, to thereby selectively elute the other non-carbon main components into the metal bath to form a carbon member having microvoids; and a cooling step performed with the microvoids of the carbon member including a component of the metal bath to solidify the component. The carbon composite material combining carbon with the metal bath component that has solidified is thereby obtained.

Abstract: A measurement system for measuring a consumption amount of a focus ring in a plasma etching apparatus including a processing chamber, a lower electrode and the focus ring surrounding a periphery of the lower electrode, comprises a sensor substrate having a distance sensor and a measurement unit configured to measure a consumption amount of the focus ring. The measurement unit includes a transfer instruction unit, an acquisition unit and a measurement unit. The transfer instruction unit is configured to instruct a transfer unit to transfer the sensor substrate into the processing chamber. The acquisition unit is configured to acquire information on a physical amount corresponding to a distance from the distance sensor to the focus ring, which is measured by the distance sensor. The measurement unit is configured to measure a consumption amount of the focus ring based on the acquired information on the physical amount.

Abstract: A measurement system for measuring a consumption amount of a focus ring in a plasma etching apparatus including a processing chamber, a lower electrode and the focus ring surrounding a periphery of the lower electrode, comprises a sensor substrate having a distance sensor and a measurement unit configured to measure a consumption amount of the focus ring. The measurement unit includes a transfer instruction unit, an acquisition unit and a measurement unit. The transfer instruction unit is configured to instruct a transfer unit to transfer the sensor substrate into the processing chamber. The acquisition unit is configured to acquire information on a physical amount corresponding to a distance from the distance sensor to the focus ring, which is measured by the distance sensor. The measurement unit is configured to measure a consumption amount of the focus ring based on the acquired information on the physical amount.

Abstract: A support member with excellent contact with the member to which the support member is attached, that is, a metal support member which supports a shaft directly or through a bearing and which has a plurality of the projections at its outer circumferential surface, wherein the plurality of the projections are formed at the outer circumferential surface as a whole at the time of casting of the support member and wherein at least part of the projections have thin-waisted shapes or a plastic support member which supports a shaft directly or through a bearing and which has a plurality of the projections at its outer circumferential surface, wherein the plurality of the projections are formed at the outer circumferential surface as a whole at the time of molding of the support member and wherein at least part of the projections have thin-waisted shapes.

Abstract: Provided is a carbon catalyst having an excellent catalytic activity on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The carbon catalyst is a carbon catalyst for decomposing hydrogen peroxide, which is obtained by impregnating a carbonized material, which is obtained by carbonization of raw materials containing an organic compound as a carbon source, a metal, and an electrically conductive carbon material, with a metal, and subjecting the resultant to a heat treatment.

Abstract: A support member with excellent contact with the member to which the support member is attached, that is, a metal support member which supports a shaft directly or through a bearing and which has a plurality of the projections at its outer circumferential surface, wherein the plurality of the projections are formed at the outer circumferential surface as a whole at the time of casting of the support member and wherein at least part of the projections have thin-waisted shapes or a plastic support member which supports a shaft directly or through a bearing and which has a plurality of the projections at its outer circumferential surface, wherein the plurality of the projections are formed at the outer circumferential surface as a whole at the time of molding of the support member and wherein at least part of the projections have thin-waisted shapes.