Abstract: An objective optical system for ATR measurement is provided with a housing, in the interior, an ATR crystal that is transparent in visible light and has a semispherical surface through which light enters; an infrared optical member for irradiating a sample with infrared light at an angle that is equal to or greater than the critical angle; a visible light irradiation optical member which is disposed in the interior of the casing and which irradiates the sample with visible light from an angle less than the critical angle; and an observation optical member which is disposed on a position that is offset from the reflection angle relative to the angle at which the visible light enters the sample and which guides the scattering light from the sample to an observation device. As a consequence, it is possible to clearly observe the position of a sample subjected to ATR measurement.

Abstract: An objective optical system for ATR measurement is provided with a housing, in the interior, an ATR crystal that is transparent in visible light and has a semispherical surface through which light enters; an infrared optical member for irradiating a sample with infrared light at an angle that is equal to or greater than the critical angle; a visible light irradiation optical member which is disposed in the interior of the casing and which irradiates the sample with visible light from an angle less than the critical angle; and an observation optical member which is disposed on a position that is offset from the reflection angle relative to the angle at which the visible light enters the sample and which guides the scattering light from the sample to an observation device. As a consequence, it is possible to clearly observe the position of a sample subjected to ATR measurement.

Abstract: The present invention provides a small sized wide wave-range spectroscope with a simple structure which requires a short time to measure light for measurement over a wide wavelength spectrum. The small sized wide wave-range spectroscope has a collimator (43) for changing light for measurement (L) transmitted through a slit (41) into collimated light (L0), a plurality of diffraction gratings (44a, 44b) with different grating constants d supported rotatably around a rotational axis in parallel with the incident slit (41) and disposed side by side in the direction of the rotational axis in the optical path of the collimated light (L0), and a diffracted-light focusing members (45a, 45b) for focusing a plurality of diffracted light rays (L1 to L4) provided by the plurality of diffraction gratings (44a, 44b) by which the collimated light (L0) is diffracted, each of the diffracted-light focusing members (45a, 45b) being provided in association with each of the plurality of diffraction gratings (44a, 44b).

Abstract: The present invention provides a small sized wide wave-range spectroscope with a simple structure which requires a short time to measure light for measurement over a wide wavelength spectrum. The small sized wide wave-range spectroscope has a collimator (43) for changing light for measurement (L) transmitted through a slit (41) into collimated light (L0), a plurality of diffraction gratings (44a, 44b) with different grating constants d supported rotatably around a rotational axis in parallel with the incident slit (41) and disposed side by side in the direction of the rotational axis in the optical path of the collimated light (L0), and a diffracted-light focusing members (45a, 45b) for focusing a plurality of diffracted light rays (L1 to L4) provided by the plurality of diffraction gratings (44a, 44b) by which the collimated light (L0) is diffracted, each of the diffracted-light focusing members (45a, 45b) being provided in association with each of the plurality of diffraction gratings (44a, 44b).

Abstract: An apparatus for reflecting a light and changing the length of an optical path from a beam splitter to a light reflecting member, and back to the beam splitter, on a cycle at a high speed, includes a beam splitter and at least one light reflecting member that reflects one of the emerged lights from the beam splitter and reenters the light in the beam splitter, the light reflecting member being supported so as to perform a circular locus motion with the orientation of the light reflecting member being constant. The circular locus motion includes a motion in which the light reflecting member is moved in a distance direction with respect to the beam splitter. The light reflecting member is provided with a turning effect, which is converted into a circular locus motion to make the light reflecting member perform the circular locus motion.

Abstract: A Fourier transform spectrometer for conducting Fourier transform spectroscopy. The spectrometer has a light source emitting light to a sample via a rapid scan interferometer. The transmittance of the sample varies when stimulated. A stimulus generator gives a stimulus to the sample at regular intervals of .tau. asynchronously with a reference signal produced for the interferometer. A delay circuit produces a trigger delayed with respect to each stimulation to control a gate circuit. Radiation emanating from the sample is detected by a detector. The output signal from this detector is gated onto a band-pass filter after a given delay .DELTA..tau. with respect to each stimulation by the gate circuit. The gate circuit produces a digital interferogram. The band-pass filter passes only those frequency components which satisfy the condition:m/2.tau.<f<(m+1)/2.tau.where m is a positive integer.

Abstract: A Fourier transform spectrometer for conducting Fourier transform spectroscopy. The spectrometer has a light source emitting light to a sample via a rapid scan interferometer. The transmittance of the sample varies when stimulated. A stimulus generator gives a stimulus to the sample at regular intervals of .tau.. A delay circuit produces a trigger delayed with respect to each stimulation to control a gate circuit. Radiation emanating from the sample is detected by a detector. The output signal from this detector is gated onto a low-pass filter after a given delay .DELTA..tau. with respect to each stimulation by the gate circuit. The gate circuit produces a digital interferogram. The low-pass filter passes only those frequency components which satisfy the condition:f<1/2.tau.where f is the frequency at which the radiation is modulated by the interferometer. The analog output signal from the filter is converted into digital form by an A/D converter to obtain an interferogram.

Abstract: There is disclosed a Fourier transform spectrometer using a pulsed light source which can be selected from various types of light sources. The spectrometer Fourier-transforms the interferogram obtained by an interferometer to give rise to a spectrum. The spectrometer is characterized in that it includes a means for impulsively lighting up the light source for the interferometer at predetermined intervals of time and a means for extracting the envelope of the output from the interferometer as an interferogram. The spectrometer can further include a means for periodically applying a stimulus to the sample. In this case, time-resolved Fourier transform spectroscopy can be effected. The differential method can also be applied by lighting up the light source for the interferometer at intervals half the intervals at which the stimuli are given and by extracting the output from the interferometer via a band-pass filter and via a lock-in amplifier.

Abstract: A time-resolved infrared spectrophotometer capable of investigating samples exhibiting short periods of response to stimuli. The spectrophotometer comprises a rapid scan interferometer, a stimulus generator periodically producing a stimulus not in synchronism with the reference signal produced by the interferometer, a detector detecting the radiation emerging from the interferometer, a variable delay circuit producing a trigger signal after a delay with respect to the stimulus, a gate circuit converting the output from the detector into a discrete form in response to the trigger signal, a low-pass filter for detecting the envelope of the output from the gate circuit, an analog-to-digital converter converting the output from the filter into digital form, and a CPU which takes the Fourier transform of the output from the converter, for obtaining a spectrum.