Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an image forming unit, a fixing unit, a reading unit, a reference member, and a controller is described. The image forming unit forms an image and a detection image on a sheet. The detection image is used for detecting geometric characteristics of an image to be formed on a sheet by the image forming unit. The fixing unit fixes the image and the detection image formed by the image forming unit on the sheet. The reading unit reads the detection image on the sheet. The controller adjusts geometric characteristics of the image to be formed on a sheet based on a reading result of the detection image by the reading unit, and controls the reading unit to read the reference member and executes shading correction based on a reading result of the reference member.

Abstract: Provided is a live distribution system including at least one processor configured to: acquire a viewer comment input by a viewer of a live distribution service; estimate whether the viewer comment is appropriate based on a first model that has learned a first training comment; determine whether a first score relating to an estimation accuracy of the first model satisfies a predetermined first criterion; avoid, when the first score is determined to satisfy the first criterion, estimation based on a second model that has learned a second training comment; and estimate, when the first score is determined not to satisfy the first criterion, whether the viewer comment is appropriate based on the second model.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having favorable display quality is provided. The semiconductor device is provided with a display portion, a line-of-sight sensor portion, a control portion, and an arithmetic portion. The line-of-sight sensor portion has a function of obtaining first information showing a direction of a user's line of sight. The arithmetic portion has a function of determining a first region including a gaze point of the user on the display portion with use of the first information and a function of increasing a definition of an image displayed on the first region. Light emitted from the display portion may be used to obtain the first information showing the direction of the line of sight.

Abstract: A process for preparing a vitamin D derivative including providing an ultraviolet irradiation apparatus for photochemical reactions, which has an ultraviolet radiation-emitting lamp, an optical system which receives light from the ultraviolet radiation-emitting lamp and emits ultraviolet rays having a specific wavelength, and a quartz rod which receives the ultraviolet rays having the specific wavelength from the optical system and emits the ultraviolet rays, irradiating a solution of a provitamin D derivative with the ultraviolet rays emitted from the quartz rod to cause a photochemical reaction to the provitamin D derivative solution, thereby forming a previtamin D derivative, and subjecting the previtamin D derivative to a thermal isomerization reaction to prepare the vitamin D derivative.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an ultraviolet irradiation apparatus for photochemical reactions which can irradiate the photo-reactive solution with ultraviolet rays having a specific wavelength suitable for the intended photochemical reaction at a high efficiency, and a process by which a provitamin D derivative can be converted into a provitamin D derivative at a high efficiency by means of a photochemical reaction by one-step process of light irradiation, thereby preparing a vitamin D derivative at a high efficiency.