Abstract: A surface light-emitting device includes a light guide plate (1) comprising glass plates (12) respectively in close contact with and fixed to both surfaces of a resin plate (11) via adhesive layers (14), and a light source (2) for causing light to enter the light guide plate from one end surface of the light guide plate (1). As the light source (2), a light source having a blue central wavelength in a wavelength range of 460 nm or more and 490 nm or less, or a light source having a blue central wavelength in a wavelength range of 440 nm or more and less than 460 nm and having a color temperature of 4,000 K or lower is used.

Abstract: The lighting apparatus 10 includes a light guide plate 11 made of a transparent material and having a pair of faces 12a, 12b opposing each other and an end face adjoining the faces, a silkscreen-printed dot pattern 13 used to diffuse light, provided only on the face 12a of the light guide plate 11 and formed with a special ink, and an LED light source 20 disposed so as to face the end face of the light guide plate 11. The face 12a of the light guide plate 11 provided with the silkscreen-printed pattern 13 serves, as it is, as a light-emitting surface.

Abstract: The lighting apparatus 10 includes a light guide plate 11 made of a transparent material and having a pair of faces 12a, 12b opposing each other and an end face adjoining the faces, a silkscreen-printed dot pattern 13 used to diffuse light, provided only on the face 12a of the light guide plate 11 and formed with a special ink, and an LED light source 20 disposed so as to face the end face of the light guide plate 11. The face 12a of the light guide plate 11 provided with the silkscreen-printed pattern 13 serves, as it is, as a light-emitting surface.

Abstract: In a melting/gasifying furnace including a coke-filled layer, coal is gasified by oxygen blown through tuyeres into a hot reducing gas which is caused to ascend through the coke-filled layer so as to melt reduced iron supported on the top of the coke-filled layer. The resulting molten iron flows down through the coke-filled layer, and is collected in the lowermost region of the coke-filled layer and discharged therefrom, while the hot gas is recovered. The thus recovered gas is fed into a shaft reduction furnace to reduce iron ores, and the thus formed reduced iron is supplied into the melting/gasifying furnace. In addition to the coal, a variety of fuels mainly comprising carbon and hydrogen such as heavy oil, natural gas, etc. are used for gasification. The fuel is blown through the tuyeres and/or charged through middle openings disposed above the tuyeres.

Abstract: In a melting/gasifying furnace including a coke-filled layer, coal is gasified by oxygen blown through tuyeres into a hot reducing gas which is caused to ascend through the coke-filled layer so as to melt reduced iron supported on the top of the coke-filled layer. The resulting molten iron flows down through the coke-filled layer, and is collected in the lowermost region of the coke-filled layer and discharged therefrom, while the hot gas is recovered. The thus recovered gas is fed into a shaft reduction furnace to reduce iron ores, and the thus formed reduced iron is supplied into the melting/gasifying furnace. In addition to the coal, a variety of fuels mainly comprising carbon and hydrogen such as heavy oil, natural gas, etc. are used for gasification. The fuel is blown through the tuyeres and/or charged through middle openings disposed above the tuyeres.