Abstract: An image pickup apparatus that performs accurate correction processing for a pixel that outputs a non-reproducible high-level signal having a continuity with respect to an adjacent pixel is provided. The image pickup apparatus extracts data corresponding to a pixel of an image pickup element that generates an output value equal to or more than a predetermined value, and determines, within a predetermined area of a captured image, whether a predetermined number or more of pixels that generate an output value having the predetermined level are continuously adjacent to one another in the same direction, irrespective of the color received by the pixel. Then, if it is determined that the predetermined number or more of pixels are continuously adjacent to one another in the same direction, the pixels are indicated as targets and the outputs of the target pixels are corrected.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an automatic transmission including a gear-type transmission mechanism connected to an output shaft of a motive power source, the gear-type transmission including plural frictional engagement elements. The control apparatus senses a power-on downshift in which the frictional engagement elements are engaged during a downshift in a driving state of the motive power source, controls the motive power source so that in the power-on downshift an output of the motive power source is reduced, counts a time during which an input rotational speed of the transmission mechanism approximates an after-shift synchronous rotational speed, and controls the motive power source so that, if the time exceeds a predetermined time while the output of the motive power source is reduced, recovery from the reduction of the output of the motive power source is attained.

Abstract: “Threshold A is substituted in a power-on state, “threshold B”, which is lower than “threshold A”, is substituted in a power-off state, and “threshold C”, which is lower than “threshold B” is substituted during a brake operation, as a rapid deceleration determination threshold. The rotational speed of an output shaft of an automatic transmission and the rapid deceleration determination threshold are compared to determine whether a vehicle is rapidly decelerating. The engagement state of a lock-up clutch is controlled based on whether the vehicle is rapidly decelerating.

Abstract: An ECU executes a program having a step (S100) of detecting engine speed NE, a step (S110) of detecting turbine speed NT, a step (S120) of calculating a slip amount N(SLP) of a torque converter as (NE-NM, a step (S130) of calculating a hydraulic pressure control value based on the slip amount N(SLP) and a map, and a step (S140) of outputting a hydraulic pressure control signal to a linear solenoid. The map is set such that the hydraulic pressure control value decreases as the slip amount N(SLP) increases in positive values.

Abstract: ECU executes a program including the step (S108) of setting a B2 brake to a engaging state when a first speed gear is effected (YES at S100) and when the difference between an output shaft rotation speed NOUT (1) estimated from an input shaft rotation speed NIN and the detected output shaft rotation speed NOUT (2) is larger than a threshold N (0) (YES at S106). When the B2 brake is in an engaged state, the relative rotation between the inner race and the outer race of one-way clutch is limited.

Abstract: In one embodiment, when control of a throttle opening degree is limited due to the occurrence of an electronic throttle failure, a determination is made of whether or not an intake manifold negative pressure of an engine is inadequate, and when determined that intake manifold negative pressure is inadequate, a gear ratio of an automatic transmission is shifted (for example, downshifted) to a gear ratio that increases an intake pipe negative pressure, thus increasing the intake pipe negative pressure (absolute value).

Abstract: A control apparatus of a vehicular power outputting apparatus, which temporarily increases the rotation speed of an input rotating element provided in an automatic transmission using an engine during a downshift in the automatic transmission, is provided with cylinder reduction controlling means for performing a cylinder reduction control that stops at least some of a plurality of cylinders provided in the engine from generating power during a downshift of the automatic transmission. As a result, pumping loss of the engine is reduced which enables the speed of the engine to be increased faster, thus improving shift response.

Abstract: An image sensing apparatus includes an image sensing device having a plurality of pixels, a smoothing unit that smoothes a first dark image signal acquired with the image sensing device shielded from light; a subtraction unit that subtracts a second dark image signal from the first dark image signal; an extraction unit that extracts, as a defective pixel of the image sensing device, a pixel of which an obtained difference is outside a preset range; and a correction unit that corrects, out of subject image signals output from the image sensing device, an image signal of the defective pixel extracted by the extracting unit, using an image signal of a pixel peripheral to the defective pixel.

Abstract: An ECU executes a program including the steps of: starting disengagement of a C2 clutch and a B1 brake when downshifting a transmission implementing gears in accordance with combinations of engaged clutches and brakes from sixth gear to third gear, or disengagement of the C2 clutch and a B3 brake when downshifting from fifth gear to second gear; when at least one of the C2 clutch and the B1 brake, or at least one of the C2 clutch and the B3 brake, is completely disengaged, starting engagement of a C1 clutch and the B3 brake when downshifting from sixth gear to third gear, or engagement of the C1 clutch and the B1 brake when downshifting from fifth gear to second gear.

Abstract: The vehicle start determining unit determines a vehicle starting state based on a vehicle speed and an accelerator pedal press-down degree. When the vehicle starting state is determined, the target slip value determining unit determines a target slip rotational speed based on the actual accelerator pedal press-down degree. In receipt of a signal indicating initiation of the control upon the previous slip control, the running history storing unit stores a change of the vehicle speed over time after the relevant timing, and sets a running history flag to an on state when detecting that the vehicle speed has exceeded a prescribed threshold value. In receipt of the target slip rotational speed and the running history flag, if the running history flag is in the on state, the lock-up clutch control unit carries out the slip control according to the target slip rotational speed.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a polymer composition including a polymer produced by cationic polymerization in which the composition does not liberate a chlorine component by heating, which prevent processing apparatus, driers, etc. from corroding, and which is odorless and safe. The object is achieved by a polymer composition obtained by adding a double salt containing magnesium and aluminum as metal atoms to a polymer containing chlorine atoms produced by polymerizing cationically polymerizable monomers with an initiator in the presence of a Lewis acid.

Abstract: In a shift control system of an automatic transmission for a vehicle, an engaging torque applied to a predetermined friction element that has been engaged to establish a predetermined gear stage of the automatic transmission during running of the vehicle is gradually decreased to generate a slip in the predetermined friction element. Based on the engagigng torque of the friction element and a command value output to generate the engaging torque to the friction element, a predetermined relationship used for determining the command value for generating a required engaging torque is corrected. Learning quality or accuracy with respect to the predetermined relationship between the engaging torque of the friction element and the control value for generating the engaging torque may be sufficiently ensured.

Abstract: In a control apparatus for a vehicle, when a coast downshifting is performed in response to a downshifting command from a vehicle operator during braking operation under the fuel cut control, the braking force of the wheel brake is increased so as to increase the deceleration. This makes it possible to achieve a predetermined deceleration with a good response to the deceleration request of the vehicle operator represented by the downshifting command. The control apparatus is structured to decrease the braking force of the wheel brake such that the increase in the engine braking force is offset by the inertia caused by the rise in the engine speed resulting from downshifting upon the coast downshifting due to the vehicle speed increase. The control apparatus for the vehicle, thus, reduces the shock caused by the sharp increase in the engine braking force.

Abstract: In a vehicle having a hydraulic power transmitting device equipped with a lock-up clutch on an output side of the engine, a control apparatus for controlling the lock-up clutch is provided which includes a lock-up clutch control unit that places the lock-up clutch in a slipping state when the vehicle is started so that torque received from the engine is transmitted to a later-stage transmission via the lock-up clutch as well as the hydraulic power transmitting device.

Abstract: In a shift control system of an automatic transmission for a vehicle, an engaging torque applied to a predetermined friction element that has been engaged to establish a predetermined gear stage of the automatic transmission during running of the vehicle is gradually decreased to generate a slip in the predetermined friction element. Based on the engagigng torque of the friction element and a command value output to generate the engaging torque to the friction element, a predetermined relationship used for determining the command value for generating a required engaging torque is corrected. Learning quality or accuracy with respect to the predetermined relationship between the engaging torque of the friction leement and the control value for generating the engaging torque may be sufficiently ensured.

Abstract: A distance measuring device, or a focus detector, including a plurality of sensors provided in association with a plurality of different areas, and a respective plurality of processing circuits provided in association with the plurality of sensors, to process signals output from the plurality of sensors, where power selectively is supplied only to a sensor(s) and a processing circuit(s) associated with the sensor(s) that correspond to a predetermined area from among the plurality of different areas. The predetermined area may be determined on the basis of the state of a power source (e.g., detected voltage level), the focal length of a shooting optical system, the state of an auxiliary light for irradiating an object, and the like.

Abstract: In a control apparatus for a vehicle, when a coast downshifting is performed in response to a downshifting command from a vehicle operator during braking operation under the fuel cut control, the braking force of the wheel brake is increased so as to increase the deceleration. This makes it possible to achieve a predetermined deceleration with a good response to the deceleration request of the vehicle operator represented by the downshifting command. The control apparatus is structured to decrease the braking force of the wheel brake such that the increase in the engine braking force is offset by the inertia caused by the rise in the engine speed resulting from downshifting upon the coast downshifting due to the vehicle speed increase. The control apparatus for the vehicle, thus, reduces the shock caused by the sharp increase in the engine braking force.

Abstract: A distance measuring device, or a focus detector, including a plurality of sensors provided in association with a plurality of different areas, and a respective plurality of processing circuits provided in association with the plurality of sensors, to process signals output from the plurality of sensors, where power selectively is supplied only to a sensor(s) and a processing circuit(s) associated with the sensor(s) that correspond to a predetermined area from among the plurality of different areas. The predetermined area may be determined on the basis of the state of a power source (e.g., detected voltage level), the focal length of a shooting optical system, the state of an auxiliary light for irradiating an object, and the like.

Abstract: A method for treating drug dependence comprising administering, as the active ingredient, an opioid &kgr; receptor agonist of a compound represented by the following formula, is disclosed wherein A and the R terms are herein defined.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system for an automatic transmission, which has a frictional engagement unit adapted to be kept in a slipping state when in a predetermined speed changing state and in an applied state when in another gear ratio changing state; and a drain oil establishing member for establishing a drain oil when the frictional engagement unit is kept in the slipping state comprises a drain pressure switching mechanism for supplying the drain oil to the frictional face of the frictional engagement unit when the frictional engagement unit is kept in the slipping state.