Abstract: Provided is an imaging device capable of further suppressing color mixing between pixels. The imaging device includes: a semiconductor substrate provided with a photoelectric conversion unit for each of pixels two-dimensionally arranged; a color filter provided for each of the pixels on the semiconductor substrate; an intermediate layer provided between the semiconductor substrate and the color filter; and a low refraction region provided between the pixels by separating at least the color filter and the intermediate layer for each of the pixels, the low refraction region having a refractive index lower than a refractive index of the color filter.

Abstract: A unit includes a wiring board having a first face having a mounting portion on which an electronic device is mounted, a second face opposite to the first face, and end faces continuous with the first face and the second face, a resin member provided to cover the end faces and to have protrusions protruding upward from the end faces to face each other across a space above the mounting portion, and an insulating film covering the second face, wherein at least a part of an edge of the insulating film is provided away from an end of the second face on the end face side.

Abstract: A substrate processing method includes: (A) preparing a substrate, on which a high-dielectric film having a higher permittivity than a SiO2 film is formed; (B) supplying, to the substrate, a metal solution containing a second metal element having a higher electronegativity or a lower valence than a first metal element contained in the high-dielectric film; and (C) forming a doping layer, in which the first metal element is substituted with the second metal element, on a surface of the high-dielectric film.

Abstract: A modified polyolefin resin having an intended adhesion strength to various substrates even when graft modification may be carried out by using an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivative having a cyclic structure. The modified polyolefin resin may be a modified product of a polyolefin resin and satisfies conditions (A) to (C): condition (A)—a modifying component includes an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivative having a cyclic structure; condition (B)—a ring-opening degree expressed by formula (1) is 40 or more; and condition (C)—the polyolefin resin includes an ethylene structural unit, ring-opening degree=modification degree K×ring-opening rate R??(1) wherein, in the formula (1), the modification degree K is a grafting weight (wt. %) of the ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivative, and the ring-opening rate R is a ring-opening rate (%) of the cyclic structure in the ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivative.

Abstract: A vacuum processing apparatus includes a decompressable process container; a supply port configured to supply, to the process container, an ionic liquid that absorbs an oxidizing gas; and a discharge port configured to discharge the ionic liquid supplied to the process container. A recess is provided at a joint portion between members constituting the process container. The supply port is configured to supply the ionic liquid to the recess, and the discharge port is configured to discharge the ionic liquid supplied to the recess.

Abstract: A highly functional photoelectric conversion element is provided. The photoelectric conversion element includes: a first photoelectric converter that detects light in a first wavelength range and photoelectrically converts the light; a second photoelectric converter that detects light in a second wavelength range and photoelectrically converts the light to obtain distance information of a subject; and an optical filter that is disposed between the first photoelectric converter and the second photoelectric converter, and allows the light in the second wavelength range to pass therethrough more easily than the light in the first wavelength range. The first photoelectric converter includes a stacked structure and an electric charge accumulation electrode.

Abstract: An alkylene oxide derivative represented by following formula (I): R—O-(AO)a—[(PO)b/(EO)c]—H??(I) (R represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 4 to 36 carbons; AO is an oxyalkylene group having three or four carbons, PO is an oxypropylene group, and EO is an oxyethylene group; a, b, and c are the average addition molar numbers of the oxyalkylene group, the oxypropylene group, and the oxyethylene group per molecule, respectively, and 1?a?40, 1?b?40, 1?c?80, and (a+b+c)?20; [(PO)b/(EO)c] represents a polyoxyalkylene group in which b moles of PO and c moles of EO are bonded randomly, and the random rate x is 0.1?x<1).

Abstract: A highly functional photoelectric conversion element is provided. The photoelectric conversion element includes: a first photoelectric converter that detects light in a first wavelength range and photoelectrically converts the light; a second photoelectric converter that detects light in a second wavelength range and photoelectrically converts the light to obtain distance information of a subject; and an optical filter that is disposed between the first photoelectric converter and the second photoelectric converter, and allows the light in the second wavelength range to pass therethrough more easily than the light in the first wavelength range. The first photoelectric converter includes a stacked structure and an electric charge accumulation electrode.

Abstract: A multilayer film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: semiconductor layers; and dielectric layers. In each of the semiconductor layers, a value of an optical constant k1 for light having a wavelength in a visible light region among optical constants k is larger than a value of an optical constant k2 for light having a wavelength in an infrared light region. The optical constants k each serves as an extinction coefficient that includes an imaginary part of a complex refractive index. The semiconductor layers and the dielectric layers are alternately stacked and the multilayer film has an optical distance of 0.3 ?m or more and 10 ?m or less in a stack direction and absorbs at least a portion of visible light and transmits infrared light.

Abstract: A highly functional photoelectric conversion element is provided. The photoelectric conversion element includes: a first photoelectric converter that detects light in a first wavelength range and photoelectrically converts the light; a second photoelectric converter that detects light in a second wavelength range and photoelectrically converts the light to obtain distance information of a subject; and an optical filter that is disposed between the first photoelectric converter and the second photoelectric converter, and allows the light in the second wavelength range to pass therethrough more easily than the light in the first wavelength range. The first photoelectric converter includes a stacked structure and an electric charge accumulation electrode.

Abstract: A reproduction apparatus dividing a cross section of superposed light into a plurality of regions in a tangential and/or radial direction includes: an optical system configured to generate each of a first set of signal light and reference light having a phase difference of approximately 0°, a second set of signal light and reference light having a phase difference of approximately 180°, a third set of signal light and reference light having a phase difference of approximately 90°, and a fourth set of signal light and reference light having a phase difference of approximately 270°, using a plurality of superposed light beams corresponding to the divided regions; an optical receiver configured to output signals corresponding to the sets of the signal light and the reference light; and a circuit configured to compute signals as differences between the signals, and obtain a reproduction signal by computation from the computed signals.

Abstract: An alkylene oxide derivative represented by formula (1), wherein a ratio Mz/Mw of a weight average molecular weight (Mw) and z average molecular weight (Mz) calculated from a chromatogram obtained by gel permeation chromatography measurement of the alkylene oxide derivative satisfies formula (2) below: Z - [ O - ( P ? O ) a - ( P ? O ) b / ( E ? O ) ? ? c ] - H ] n ( 1 ) 5 ? M z / M w ? 60 ( 2 ) where Z, n, PO, EO, a, b and c are as defined herein; a+b+c?10, and b/c=1/5˜5/1; (PO)b/(EO)c indicates that PO and EO are randomly added; and a random ratio x of PO and EO satisfies 0.1?x?1.

Abstract: A reproduction apparatus dividing a cross section of superposed light into a plurality of regions in a tangential and/or radial direction includes: an optical system configured to generate each of a first set of signal light and reference light having a phase difference of approximately 0°, a second set of signal light and reference light having a phase difference of approximately 180°, a third set of signal light and reference light having a phase difference of approximately 90°, and a fourth set of signal light and reference light having a phase difference of approximately 270°, using a plurality of superposed light beams corresponding to the divided regions; an optical receiver configured to output signals corresponding to the sets of the signal light and the reference light; and a circuit configured to compute signals as differences between the signals, and obtain a reproduction signal by computation from the computed signals.

Abstract: An alkylene oxide derivative represented by following formula (I): R—O-(AO)a—[(PO)b/(EO)c]—H??(I) (R represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 4 to 36 carbons; AO is an oxyalkylene group having three or four carbons, PO is an oxypropylene group, and EO is an oxyethylene group; a, b, and c are the average addition molar numbers of the oxyalkylene group, the oxypropylene group, and the oxyethylene group per molecule, respectively, and 1?a?40, 1?b?40, 1?c?80, and (a+b+c)?20; [(PO)b/(EO)c] represents a polyoxyalkylene group in which b moles of PO and c moles of EO are bonded randomly, and the random rate x is 0.1?x?1).

Abstract: Provided is a reproducing apparatus including: a reproduction signal generating circuit that calculates a first difference signal which is a difference between a first light receiving signal obtained by the first light receiving element and a second light receiving signal obtained by the second light receiving element, and a second difference signal which is a difference between a third light receiving signal obtained by the third light receiving element and a fourth light receiving signal obtained by the fourth light receiving element, and uses the first difference signal, the second difference signal, a phase difference between a crosstalk component and an average phase of the signal light beam, and an optical path length difference between the signal light beam and the reference light beam to obtain a reproduction signal; and a phase extraction circuit that obtains a successive change amount and updates with a successive variation.

Abstract: Provided is a reproducing apparatus including: a reproduction signal generating circuit that calculates a first difference signal which is a difference between a first light receiving signal obtained by the first light receiving element and a second light receiving signal obtained by the second light receiving element, and a second difference signal which is a difference between a third light receiving signal obtained by the third light receiving element and a fourth light receiving signal obtained by the fourth light receiving element, and uses the first difference signal, the second difference signal, a phase difference between a crosstalk component and an average phase of the signal light beam, and an optical path length difference between the signal light beam and the reference light beam to obtain a reproduction signal; and a phase extraction circuit that obtains a successive change amount and updates with a successive variation.

Abstract: A set of first signal light and reference light with a phase difference of almost 0 degree, a set of second signal light and reference light with a phase difference of almost 180 degrees, a set of third signal light and reference light with a phase difference of almost 90 degrees, and a set of fourth signal light and reference light with a phase difference of almost 270 degrees are generated. A first differential signal as a difference between a first light-receiving signal obtained by a first light-receiving element and a second light-receiving signal obtained by a second light-receiving element is calculated, and a second differential signal as a difference between a third light-receiving signal obtained by a third light-receiving element and a fourth light-receiving signal obtained by a fourth light-receiving element is calculated. The first differential signal and the second differential signal are supplied to respective FIR filters.

Abstract: A set of first signal light and reference light with a phase difference of almost 0 degree, a set of second signal light and reference light with a phase difference of almost 180 degrees, a set of third signal light and reference light with a phase difference of almost 90 degrees, and a set of fourth signal light and reference light with a phase difference of almost 270 degrees are generated. A first differential signal as a difference between a first light-receiving signal obtained by a first light-receiving element and a second light-receiving signal obtained by a second light-receiving element is calculated, and a second differential signal as a difference between a third light-receiving signal obtained by a third light-receiving element and a fourth light-receiving signal obtained by a fourth light-receiving element is calculated. The first differential signal and the second differential signal are supplied to respective FIR filters.

Abstract: Provided is a reproducing apparatus including: an optical system that obtains a signal light by radiating light emitted from a light source and generates a reference light from the light emitted from the light source, with respect to a recording medium, and that generates first to fourth groups of the signal light beams and the reference light beams, with respect to the superposed light in which the signal light and the reference light are superposed onto each other; a light receiving unit that receives light beams of the first to fourth groups of the signal light beams and the reference light beams respectively through first to fourth light receiving elements; and a reproduction signal generation circuit that calculates a first differential signal and a second differential signal, and that generates a reproduction signal by performing an arithmetic operation using the first and second differential signals.

Abstract: Provided is a reproducing apparatus including: an optical system that obtains a signal light by radiating light emitted from a light source and generates a reference light from the light emitted from the light source, with respect to a recording medium, and that generates first to fourth groups of the signal light beams and the reference light beams, with respect to the superposed light in which the signal light and the reference light are superposed onto each other; a light receiving unit that receives light beams of the first to fourth groups of the signal light beams and the reference light beams respectively through first to fourth light receiving elements; and a reproduction signal generation circuit that calculates a first differential signal and a second differential signal, and that generates a reproduction signal by performing an arithmetic operation using the first and second differential signals.