Abstract: A novel glucose dehydrogenase, which is an enzyme that has high substrate specificity, can be produced at a low cost, is not affected by oxygen dissolved in a measurement sample and, in particular, has superior thermal stability is obtained by culturing a microorganism belonging to the genus Burkholderia and having glucose dehydrogenase producing ability in a medium and collecting glucose dehydrogenase from the medium and/or cells of the microorganism.

Abstract: A novel glucose dehydrogenase, which is an enzyme that has high substrate specificity, can be produced at a low cost, is not affected by oxygen dissolved in a measurement sample and, in particular, has superior, thermal stability is obtained by culturing a microorganism belonging to the genus Burkhorderia and having glucose dehydrogenase producing ability in a medium and collecting glucose dehydrogenase from the medium and/or cells of the microorganism.

Abstract: The present invention provides an enzyme electrode composed of a carbon particle on which glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) with flavine adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as a coenzyme is supported and an electrode layer contacting the carbon particle, wherein the carbon particle and/or the electrode layer are/is composed of the carbon particles with a particle diameter of not more than 100 nm and a specific surface area of at least 200 m2/g.

Abstract: An aptamer-probe complex for detecting the presence of a target molecule is disclosed. The complex of the present invention contains an aptamer moiety which is able to bind to an indicator protein and change the properties of the indicator protein, and a probe moiety which is able to bind to a target molecule, wherein the aptamer moiety and the probe moiety are combined in such a manner that the binding mode between the aptamer moiety and the indicator protein changes when the probe moiety binds to the target molecule. A target molecule can be detected with combination of an aptamer which binds to a certain protein, and a probe which binds to the target molecule, utilizing the properties of that protein as an indicator.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for measuring a substrate concentration by accumulating an energy resulting from a reaction between a biocatalyst and a substrate recognized by the biocatalyst to a certain level; and using a dependency of an accumulation rate on the substrate concentration as an index; and a apparatus therefor. In particular, the present invention provides a method in which the measurement of the accumulation rate is carried out by measuring a frequency of an energy release in a certain amount of time when the energy accumulated in the capacitor reaches the certain level and is then released.

Abstract: A novel glucose dehydrogenase, which is an enzyme that has high substrate specificity, can be produced at a low cost, is not affected by oxygen dissolved in a measurement sample and, in particular, has superior thermal stability is obtained by culturing a microorganism belonging to the genus Burkholderia and having glucose dehydrogenase producing ability in a medium and collecting glucose dehydrogenase from the medium and/or cells of the microorganism.

Abstract: A novel glucose dehydrogenase, which is an enzyme that has high substrate specificity, can be produced at a low cost, is not affected by oxygen dissolved in a measurement sample and, in particular, has superior thermal stability is obtained by culturing a microorganism belonging to the genus Burkhorderia and having glucose dehydrogenase producing ability in a medium and collecting glucose dehydrogenase from the medium and/or cells of the microorganism.

Abstract: A process for producing glucose dehydrogenases. This process comprises transferring a DNA containing a sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 which encodes an ? subunit having a glucose dehydrogenase activity and a ? subunit being an electron transfer protein into a microorganism belonging to the genus Pseudomonas to thereby construct a transformant, and culturing this transformant so as to allow the production of a first glucose dehydrogenase containing the above-described ? subunit and a second glucose dehydrogenase free from the ? subunit. The ? subunit as described above has a molecular weight of about 60 kDa measured by, for example, SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions, while the ? subunit as described above has a molecular weight of about 43 kDa measured by, for example, SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions.

Abstract: A method for measuring a test substance whereby the test substance in a sample can be specifically measured without using an antibody against the test substance; an aptamer molecule used therefor; and a method for creating the aptamer are disclosed. An aptamer capable of hybridizing with an oligonucleotide when it is bound to a test substance, but is incapable of hybridizing with the oligonucleotide when it is not bound to the test substance, is utilized. The aptamer is brought into contact with a sample, and the aptamer bound to the test substance is brought into contact with an immobilized oligonucleotide which hybridizes with the aptamer, to bind the aptamer to a solid phase, followed by measurement of the aptamer immobilized on the solid phase.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for assaying a target substance in a sample and an apparatus for the method. The method can specifically assay the target substance in the sample without using any antibody against the target substance. The assaying method includes simultaneously or successively bringing a labeled aptamer, the target substance in the sample and a solid phase into contact together, and then measuring the label of the aptamer which has not been bound on the solid phase. The labeled aptamer has a property of binding to the target substance. The solid phase carries an oligonucleotide immobilized on it in an excess amount relative to the target substance. The oligonucleotide is hybridizable with the labeled aptamer when the labeled aptamer is in a state that it is not bound to the target substance, but is not hybridizable with the labeled aptamer when the labeled aptamer is in a state that it is bound to the target substance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a glucose sensor (2) including an electrode (32) which includes a conductive component and glucose dehydrogenase immobilized to the conductive component. As the glucose dehydrogenase, use is made of a protein complex including a catalytic activity subunit which has glucose dehydrogenase activity, and an electron mediator subunit for supplying an electron donated from the catalytic activity subunit to the conductive component. Preferably, the glucose sensor (2) is designed to continuously measure the glucose level or successively measure the glucose level a plurality of times.

Abstract: A high sensitivity electrochemistry type method for measuring adenine nucleotide which has a convenient and further miniaturized measuring device structure; is low in consumptive power; and does not require a treatment operation for substances that cause turbidity is provided. A method for measuring adenine nucleotide, which comprises a step A for converting adenosine triphosphate to adenosine diphosphate by an enzyme E1, a step B for converting said adenosine diphosphate and a phosphate donor P2 to adenosine triphosphate and dephosphorylated phosphate donor P2? by an enzyme E2, and a step C for electrochemically measuring said donor P2? by carrying out an oxidation-reduction reaction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a modified glucose dehydrogenase having pyrroloquinoline quinone as a coenzyme, wherein one or more amino acid residues in a region of 186-206 amino acid of water-soluble PQQGDH derived from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus or in an equivalent region from other species are replaced with other amino acid residues. Also disclosed is a gene coding for the modified glucose dehydrogenase of the invention, a vector comprising the gene of the invention and a transformant comprising the vector, as well as a glucose assay kit and a glucose sensor comprising the modified glucose dehydrogenase of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a glucose sensor (2) including an electrode (32) which includes a conductive component and glucose dehydrogenase immobilized to the conductive component. As the glucose dehydrogenase, use is made of a protein complex including a catalytic activity subunit which has glucose dehydrogenase activity, and an electron mediator subunit for supplying an electron donated from the catalytic activity subunit to the conductive component. Preferably, the glucose sensor (2) is designed to continuously measure the glucose level or successively measure the glucose level a plurality of times.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a labeling enzyme and a method of detecting and/or quantifying a target substance using this labeling enzyme. The present invention provides a labeling enzyme that catalyzes a reaction of gelling a substrate. By measuring changes in physical properties such as the film thickness and/or refractive index of a film produced by the gelling reaction catalyzed by the labeling enzyme of the present invention, it is possible to quickly and highly sensitively detect and/or quantify a target substance while minimizing the effects of coexisting substances.

Abstract: A novel glucose dehydrogenase, which is an enzyme that has high substrate specificity, can be produced at a low cost, is not affected by oxygen dissolved in a measurement sample and, in particular, has superior thermal stability is obtained by culturing a microorganism belonging to the genus Burkhorderia and having glucose dehydrogenase producing ability in a medium and collecting glucose dehydrogenase from the medium and/or cells of the microorganism.

Abstract: An aptamer-probe complex for detecting the presence of a target molecule is disclosed. The complex of the present invention contains an aptamer moiety which is able to bind to an indicator protein and change the properties of the indicator protein, and a probe moiety which is able to bind to a target molecule, wherein the aptamer moiety and the probe moiety are combined in such a manner that the binding mode between the aptamer moiety and the indicator protein changes when the probe moiety binds to the target molecule. A target molecule can be detected with combination of an aptamer which binds to a certain protein, and a probe which binds to the target molecule, utilizing the properties of that protein as an indicator.

Abstract: A DNA fragment encoding a ? subunit is obtained by inverse PCR using primers designed based on the nucleotide sequence of a N-terminal signal sequence region of a GDH ? subunit derived from Burkholderia cepacia KS1 strain.

Abstract: A novel fructosylamine oxidase derived from yeast Pichia sp. and a gene coding for the enzyme are disclosed. The fructosylamine oxidase may be produced by culturing the transformant which has been transformed with a recombinant vector comprising the DNA fragment containing the fructosylamine oxidase gene. Since the fructosylamine oxidase oxidizes fructosyl valine, it may be used in an assay for fructosyl valine. The assay kit and enzyme sensor comprising the fructosylamine oxidase of the invention are useful in measurement of glycated hemoglobin.

Abstract: A DNA fragment encoding a ? subunit is obtained by inverse PCR using primers designed based on the nucleotide sequnece of a N-terminal signal sequence region of a GDH ? subunit derived from Burkholderia cepacia KS1 strain.