Abstract: A back door handle device includes a switch to output a signal for unlocking or locking the back door, a switch knob to supplement actuating force of the switch, a housing for receiving the switch and the switch knob, and an outer cover that covers the housing. The switch knob includes an operating portion that is moved from an initial position to a switch position, a spring section that, when the operating portion is moved from the initial position toward the switch position, is elastically deformed to produce elastic force in such a direction as to return the operating portion to the initial position, and a temporary fixing portion that prevents such movement of the switch knob that the operating portion is moved from the initial position to the opposite side to the switch position. The signal is output from the switch when the operating portion reaches the switch position.

Abstract: A back door handle device is provided above a license plate of a back door of a vehicle and serves as both a license lamp and a handle switch. The back door handle device includes a light emitting element, a switch that outputs a signal for unlocking or locking the back door, a housing that houses the light emitting element and the switch, and an outer cover that covers the housing and includes an integrally molded article. The integrally molded article includes a transparent portion formed of a material that transmits light emitted from the light emitting element, and an elastic portion covering an outer side of the transparent portion. The transparent portion includes a lens portion that extracts light emitted from the light emitting element. The elastic portion includes a switch cover portion that is applied with a pushing force from an outside for outputting the signal.

Abstract: A back door handle device is provided above a license plate of a back door of a vehicle and serves as both a license lamp and a handle switch. The back door handle device includes a light emitting element, a switch that outputs a signal for unlocking or locking the back door, a housing that houses the light emitting element and the switch, and an outer cover that covers the housing and includes an integrally molded article. The integrally molded article includes a transparent portion formed of a material that transmits light emitted from the light emitting element, and an elastic portion covering an outer side of the transparent portion. The transparent portion includes a lens portion that extracts light emitted from the light emitting element. The elastic portion includes a switch cover portion that is applied with a pushing force from an outside for outputting the signal.

Abstract: A back door handle device includes a switch to output a signal for unlocking or locking the back door, a switch knob to supplement actuating force of the switch, a housing for receiving the switch and the switch knob, and an outer cover that covers the housing. The switch knob includes an operating portion that is moved from an initial position to a switch position, a spring section that, when the operating portion is moved from the initial position toward the switch position, is elastically deformed to produce elastic force in such a direction as to return the operating portion to the initial position, and a temporary fixing portion that prevents such movement of the switch knob that the operating portion is moved from the initial position to the opposite side to the switch position. The signal is output from the switch when the operating portion reaches the switch position.

Abstract: A fuel cell electrolyte membrane (2) includes a first electrolyte membrane (5) formed from a basic polymer including a phosphoric acid, and second and third electrolyte membranes (6, 7) each formed from a basic polymer including a phosphoric acid and clamping the first electrolyte membrane (5) between the second and third electrolyte membranes (6, 7). The phosphoric acid contained in the first electrolyte membrane (5) is greater than the phosphoric acid contained in each of the second and third electrolyte membranes (6, 7) in concentration.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a membrane electrode assembly for a solid polymer type fuel cell which includes a process for forming an intermediate lamination layer body by laminating a catalyst electrode layer on an electrolyte membrane including an ion conductivity, and a process for hot pressing for forming the membrane electrode assembly to unify the intermediate lamination layer body and porous gas diffusion layers positioned on both sides on the intermediate lamination layer body in a thickness direction. The intermediate lamination layer body is heat treated by maintaining heating at a temperature range equal to or higher than a glass-transition temperature of the electrolyte polymer included in the catalyst electrode layer and equal to or lower than thermal decomposition temperature before the hot pressing process under a condition that the gas diffusion layers are not laminating on the intermediate lamination layer body.