Abstract: A hydraulic circuit for a construction machine, capable of enhancing the effect of reducing a pressure loss due to return oil from a head-side chamber of a hydraulic cylinder, with a simple structure. The circuit includes a hydraulic cylinder, a control valve, a return pipeline, and a tank direct-communication line providing direct communication between the control valve and a tank separately from the return pipeline. The control valve has a flow path leading return oil from a head-side chamber of the hydraulic cylinder to the tank direct-communication line and a flow path leading return oil from a rod-side chamber of the hydraulic cylinder to the return pipeline.

Abstract: A measuring electrode for chemical liquid in semiconductor process that measures a chemical liquid used for a semiconductor process comprises a first body having a first internal liquid chamber into which a first internal liquid is filled, and a flow tube for a part or all of which a responsive glass is used and that forms a flow channel where a chemical liquid as being a measuring object flows, wherein the flow tube is so arranged to penetrate the first body and the responsive glass makes contact with the first internal liquid in the first internal liquid chamber.

Abstract: A construction machine is provided which is capable of warming up without an additional hydraulic device. A hydraulic excavator includes a cooling oil line connected to an arm control valve for leading hydraulic oil discharged from the arm control valve to a tank through an oil cooler when the arm control valve is shifted to an extension position, and a non-cooling oil line connected to the arm control valve for leading hydraulic fluid discharged from the arm control valve to the tank running away from the oil cooler when the arm control valve is shifted to a neutral position. The arm control valve includes a guide passage provided at the neutral position for leading hydraulic fluid discharged from a hydraulic pump to the non-cooling oil line.

Abstract: In a wobble removal shaft coupling device including a wobble removal gear having an internal gear with a first central axial line and an external gear meshing with the wobble removal gear and having a second central axial line. The first and second central axial lines are in parallel with and offset from each other, and the external gear teeth are identical in number to the internal gear teeth of the wobble removal gear. At least one of the two sets of the gear teeth are resiliently deformable in a circumferential and/or radial direction so as to allow the two gears to be meshing with each other while permitting an eccentric wobbling movement of the external gear relative to the internal gear without requiring a play or a sliding engagement. The wobble removal shaft coupling device can be incorporated in a hypocycloid reduction gear device.

Abstract: A hydraulic control device that reduces the loss of the power of a pump in combined operation of boom lowering and arm pushing. A controller performs single control of increasing capacity of a first pump in accordance with increase in an operation amount of a boom operation member, in a single operation of the boom lowering. On the other hand, the controller restricts the capacity of the first pump compared to capacity in the single control, during a restriction control period when the combined operation of boom lowering and arm pushing is detected, and the operation amount of the boom operation member is a prescribed operation amount or more.

Abstract: Provided is a hydraulic shovel capable of moving a boom, an arm, and a bucket at respective adequate speeds even during complex operations thereof, without a significant pressure loss. This hydraulic shovel includes: a first pump (31) connected to a boom actuator (24) and a bucket actuator (28); a second pump (32) connected to an arm actuator (26) and the boom actuator (24); a third pump (33) connect to the arm actuator (26); a boom control valve (54) interposed between the first pump (31) and the boom actuator (24); an arm control valve (56) interposed between the second pump (32) and the arm actuator (26); a bucket control valve (58) interposed between the first pump (31) and the bucket actuator (28); a boom merging valve (55) for speed increase interposed between the second pump (32) and the boom actuator (24); and an arm merging valve (57) for speed increase interposed between the third pump (33) and the arm actuator (26).

Abstract: A measuring electrode for chemical liquid in semiconductor process that measures a chemical liquid used for a semiconductor process comprises a first body having a first internal liquid chamber into which a first internal liquid is filled, and a flow tube for a part or all of which a responsive glass is used and that forms a flow channel where a chemical liquid as being a measuring object flows, wherein the flow tube is so arranged to penetrate the first body and the responsive glass makes contact with the first internal liquid in the first internal liquid chamber.

Abstract: A production method of ?,?-difluoroacetaldehyde according to the present invention includes reaction of an ?,?-difluoroacetic acid ester with hydrogen gas (H2) in the presence of a ruthenium catalyst. It is possible to selectively obtain ?,?-difluoroacetaldehyde as a partially reduced product of the hydrogenation reaction by the adoption of specific reaction conditions (in particular, reaction solvent and reaction temperature). This hydrogenation process can be alternative to the industrially unpractical hydride reduction process.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magnetoresistive element includes a first metal layer having a body-centered cubic structure, a second metal layer having a hexagonal close-packed structure on the first metal layer, a metal nitride layer on the second metal layer, a first magnetic layer on the metal nitride layer, an insulating layer on the first magnetic layer, and a second magnetic layer on the insulating layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magnetoresistive element comprises a first magnetic layer, a second magnetic layer, a first nonmagnetic layer, a second nonmagnetic layer, and a third magnetic layer. The first magnetic layer has a variable magnetization direction. The second magnetic layer has an invariable magnetization direction and includes a nonmagnetic material film and a magnetic material film. The first nonmagnetic layer is arranged between the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer. The second nonmagnetic layer is arranged on a surface of the second magnetic layer. The third magnetic layer is arranged on a surface of the second nonmagnetic layer. The second nonmagnetic layer is in contact with the nonmagnetic material film included in the second magnetic layer.

Abstract: Provided is a hydraulic drive system including: first and second pumps; a first main supply fluid line and an optional supply fluid line leading to the first pump; a second main supply fluid line leading to the second pump; a main manipulating device for the main actuator; an optional manipulating device for the optional actuator; a bleed-off flow rate regulating section to change the bleed-off flow rate for the second pump; and a bleed-off control section to operate the bleed-off flow rate regulating section to change the discharge flow rate of the second pump in accordance with a control operation applied to the main manipulating device and to make a bleed-off flow rate in a specific combined manipulation state with simultaneous performance of a specific main control operation and an optional control operation be smaller than that in a single main manipulation state.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a magnetoresistive element, including a lower electrode having crystallinity on a substrate, a first conductive layer including an amorphous state on the lower electrode, a buffer layer on the first conductive layer, and an MTJ element on the buffer layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magnetoresistive memory device, includes a metal buffer layer provided on a substrate, a crystalline metal nitride buffer layer provided on the metal buffer layer, and a magnetoresistive element provided on the metal nitride buffer layer. The metal nitride buffer layer and the metal buffer layer contain a same material.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive element includes a storage layer as a ferromagnetic layer which has magnetic anisotropy perpendicular to film planes, and in which a magnetization direction is variable, a reference layer as a ferromagnetic layer which has magnetic anisotropy perpendicular to film planes, and in which a magnetization direction is invariable, a tunnel barrier layer as a nonmagnetic layer formed between the storage layer and the reference layer, and a first underlayer formed on a side of the storage layer, which is opposite to a side facing the tunnel barrier layer, and containing amorphous W.

Abstract: A slewing-type working machine includes: a slewing motor which is a hydraulic motor for slewing; a variable-displacement hydraulic pump; a slewing operation device including an operation member; a control valve controlling the slewing motor based on an operation signal thereof; a pump regulator; a relief valve letting excess fluid to a tank; operation detectors detecting an operation direction and amount of the operation member; a motor rotational speed detector; and a controller controlling a discharge flow rate of the hydraulic pump. The controller obtains a deviation between a target rotational speed of the slewing motor obtained from a slewing operation amount and an actual rotational speed detected by the motor rotational speed detector, and controls the discharge flow rate to make the deviation closer to 0.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magnetoresistive element is disclosed. The magnetoresistive element includes an underlayer containing aluminum (Al), nitrogen (N) and X. The X is an element other than Al and N. A first magnetic layer is provided on the underlayer. A nonmagnetic layer is provided on the first magnetic layer. A second magnetic layer is provided on the nonmagnetic layer.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for driving a boom of a construction machine, allowing required power to be reduced. The apparatus includes a boom cylinder, a variable-displacement hydraulic pump , a control valve guiding hydraulic oil discharged by the hydraulic pump to the boom cylinder, a boom-raising-operation detector boom-cylinder pressure detectors, a supply selector valve switchable between a permitting position for permitting the hydraulic oil to be supplied from the hydraulic pump a head-side chamber of the boom cylinder and a blocking position for blocking the supply, a supply oil passage permitting hydraulic oil to be supplied to the head-side chamber during the blocking, and a controller which brings the supply selector valve into the blocking position and reduces volume of the hydraulic pump upon judging that excavation reaction force extends the boom cylinder even with no supply of hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump to the head-side chamber.

Abstract: A sheet feeder includes a delivery roller that contacts a sheet on a sheet supply tray to deliver the sheet; a first detection sensor disposed upstream of the delivery roller so as to detect the sheet on the sheet supply tray; and a second detection sensor disposed downstream of the delivery roller so as to detect a leading end portion of the sheet on the sheet supply tray. The delivery roller is activated in a state where the first detection sensor detects the sheet on the sheet supply tray while the second detection sensor does not detect the leading end portion of the sheet on the sheet supply tray. Thus, all the actually feedable sheets placed on the sheet supply tray can be fed, thereby reducing a sheet setting failure on the sheet supply tray, which reduces trouble of performing a re-set operation.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a magnetoresistive element, including a first magnetic layer, a nonmagnetic layer on the first magnetic layer, and a second magnetic layer on the nonmagnetic layer, wherein one of the first and second magnetic layers include one of Co and Fe, and a material having a higher standard electrode potential than Co and Fe.

Abstract: The invention provides a rotation control device capable of reducing a loss of a power of a hydraulic pump in a backward direction operation and also provides a construction machine including the same. The controller controls a capacity of the hydraulic pump such that, in a forward direction operation in which an operating direction detected by the operation sensor and a rotating direction detected by a rotation sensor coincide with each other, the capacity of the hydraulic pump is increased in accordance with an increase in the operation amount detected by an operation sensor, on the other hand, restricts the capacity of the hydraulic pump more in a backward direction operation, in which the operating direction detected by the operation sensor and the rotating direction detected by the rotation sensor are reverse to each other, than in the forward direction operation.