Abstract: The density of a treatment fluid in exhaust gas is reduced, the amount of the treatment fluid that flows into exhausting equipment connected to a substrate treatment apparatus is reduced, and a load on the exhausting equipment is reduced. A substrate treatment apparatus includes: a substrate treating unit that treats a substrate; a treatment fluid supply unit that supplies, to the substrate treating unit, a treatment fluid used to treat the substrate; and an exhaust gas treating unit into which an exhaust gas containing the treatment fluid discharged from the substrate treating unit is introduced. The exhaust gas treating unit includes spray nozzles that spray a solvent toward the exhaust gas, the solvent dissolving the treatment fluid, thereby reducing the density of the treatment fluid in the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas treating unit has porous dispersion plates that cause the exhaust gas to disperse.

Abstract: A multi-chamber type air-conditioning apparatus is provided in which a refrigerant whose effect on human bodies is a concern is prevented from leaking into a room or the like in which an indoor unit is installed, simultaneous operation of cooling and heating is possible, and performance deterioration by a refrigerant flow control device or drop of the cooling capacity of the indoor unit can be prevented.

Abstract: A hybrid construction machine includes: an electric storage device temperature adjustment circuit; an engine cooling circuit including a first coolant and switchable between a state the first coolant after cooling the engine is introduced into the electric storage device temperature adjustment circuit and a state stopping introduction of the first coolant into the electric storage device temperature adjustment circuit; an equipment cooling circuit that cools, with a second coolant, equipment needing cooling, and switchable between a state the second coolant is introduced into the electric storage device temperature adjustment circuit and a state stopping introduction of the second coolant into the electric storage device temperature adjustment circuit; and a controller controlling the engine cooling circuit, the equipment cooling circuit, and a lead-out switching valve such that the first coolant or second coolant selectively flows, according to whether the electric storage device needs to be warmed or cooled

Abstract: A method of enhancing a material layer on a substrate is described. The method comprises establishing a gas cluster ion beam (GCIB), and treating a host region of the substrate by exposing the host region of the substrate to the GCIB. The treatment with the GCIB may selectively remove an undesirable specie and/or introduce a desirable specie to the host region.

Abstract: A heat medium relay unit and an air-conditioning apparatus or the like are provided that are compact and have improved serviceability while achieving energy saving. A heat medium relay unit according to the invention includes heat medium delivering devices and heat medium flow switching devices (first heat medium flow switching devices and second heat medium flow switching devices) that are provided so as to be detachable from a predetermined side.

Abstract: A refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a refrigerant circuit of a refrigeration cycle through which a refrigerant that transits in a supercritical state is allowed to flow, and a flow dividing device that divides the flow of a high-pressure liquid refrigerant in a subcritical state into two or more parts. The flow dividing device is configured such that the device is oriented substantially in the horizontal direction or upward in the vertical direction relative to the direction of flow of the refrigerant in a liquid state. With such a configuration, the flow of refrigerating machine oil is equally divided, thus offering high energy saving while keeping heat-medium conveyance power at a low level without reducing the heat exchanging performance.

Abstract: An air-conditioning apparatus includes a heat medium relay unit accommodating heat exchangers for exchanging heat between a flammable refrigerant and a heat medium different from the refrigerant. The heat medium relay unit is disposed in a space in a structure that is not an air conditioned space. One or more outdoor units are connected to the heat medium relay unit to circulate the refrigerant therein. The outdoor units are disposed in a space outside the structure or a space inside the structure that is not isolated completely from the space outside the structure. One or more indoor units are connected to the heat medium relay unit by a different system than that of the outdoor units. The indoor units circulate the heat medium therein to exchange heat with air related to the indoor space.

Abstract: A shuttle valve connects a second flowpath and a drain flowpath when the hydraulic pressure in a first flowpath is greater than the hydraulic pressure in the second flowpath. The shuttle valve connects the first flowpath and the drain flowpath when the hydraulic pressure in a second flowpath is greater than the hydraulic pressure in the first flowpath. The ratio between the pressure receiving area of a first pressure section and the pressure receiving area of a second pressure section is the same as the ratio between the pressure receiving area of a first chamber side and the pressure receiving area of a second chamber side of a cylinder rod.

Abstract: To provide an air-conditioning apparatus capable of achieving energy saving. The air-conditioning apparatus capable of executing an oil collection mode that collects a refrigerating machine oil stagnating in heat exchangers related to heat medium into a compressor by changing a flow velocity or a flow direction of the refrigerant flowing in the heat exchangers related to heat medium depending on each operation mode.

Abstract: When a first temperature difference is the difference between an inlet temperature of a first refrigerant and an outlet temperature of the first refrigerant in the heat exchanger for heating, and a second temperature difference is the difference between an inlet temperature of a second refrigerant and an outlet temperature of the second refrigerant in the heat exchanger for heating, the difference between the first temperature difference and the second temperature difference is held in a predetermined value or less by controlling the opening degree of a second expansion device.

Abstract: A slewing-type working machine includes: a hydraulic motor having first and second ports and driving an upper slewing body to slew it; a hydraulic pump; a slewing operating device including an operating member; a control valve controlling the hydraulic motor based on an operation signal of the slewing operating device; first and second pipe-lines connecting the first and second ports of the hydraulic motor to the control valve; communication switching devices switchable between communication and cutoff between both pipe-lines and a tank; a slewing electric motor; an electric storage device; and a controller. During a slewing operation, the controller brings the communication switching devices into a communicated state and performs regenerative control by issuing a command on a regeneration amount corresponding to a reduction in back pressure by the communication switching devices in the communicated state to the slewing electric motor.

Abstract: A first flow switching device causes part of a refrigerant discharged from an injection compressor to flow through a first bypass pipe and be supplied to an outdoor heat exchanger targeting for defrosting. A second flow switching device causes part of the refrigerant supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger targeting for defrosting to enter a second bypass pipe.

Abstract: A heat source-side refrigerant circuit A including a compressor 11, an outdoor heat exchanger 13, a first refrigerant branch portion 21 connected to the compressor 11, a second refrigerant branch portion 22 and a third refrigerant branch portion 23 connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 13, a first refrigerant flow rate control device 24 provided between branch piping 40 and the second refrigerant branch portion 22, intermediate heat exchangers 25n connected at one side thereof to the first refrigerant branch portion 21 and the third refrigerant branch portion 23 via three-way valves 26n and connected at the other side thereof to the second refrigerant branch portion 22, and second refrigerant flow rate control devices 27n provided between the respective intermediate heat exchangers 25n and the second refrigerant branch portion 22, and user-side refrigerant circuits Bn having indoor heat exchangers 31n connected respectively to the intermediate heat exchangers 25n are provided, and at least one of water and

Abstract: In an air-conditioning apparatus, a heat source side heat exchanger, intermediate heat exchangers, and use side heat exchangers are separately formed and adapted to be disposed at separate locations, respectively. There is provided a defrosting operation function to melt frost attached around the heat source side heat exchanger, and a heating function during defrosting operation that drives a pump to circulate a heat medium and supply heating energy to the use side heat exchangers in need of heating to perform heating operation. The defrosting operation function can be executed by switching a four-way valve to cooling side to introduce a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant flowed out of the compressor into the heat source side heat exchanger.

Abstract: When a first temperature difference is the difference between a saturated gas temperature of a first refrigerant at an inlet side and a saturated liquid temperature of the first refrigerant at an outlet side in a heat exchanger for heating, and when a second temperature difference is the difference between a saturated gas temperature of a second refrigerant at an outlet side and a temperature of the second refrigerant at an inlet side in the heat exchanger for heating, the difference between the first temperature difference and the second temperature difference is held in a predetermined value or less by charging the second refrigerant to the second refrigeration cycle so that a plurality of single refrigerants forming the second refrigerant have a predetermined mixing ratio.

Abstract: A computing device calculates an evaporating temperature Te* and a dew-point temperature Tdew* from a quality X, a temperature glide ?T determined by a difference between a boiling temperature and a dew-point temperature at a predetermined pressure, and a refrigerant temperature detected by second temperature detection means.

Abstract: An air-conditioning apparatus is provided with a refrigerant cycle through which a heat-source-side refrigerant is to be circulated, a first heat medium channel to which a pump is connected and through which a heat medium such as water, an anti-freezing solution or the like is circulated, a first heat medium channel to which a pump is connected and through which a heat medium is circulated, and a plurality of use-side heat exchangers connected to the first heat medium channels. Also, the first heat medium channels are connected to the suction side of a pump through a pump flow direction switching device, and the first heat medium channels are connected to the discharge side of the pump through a pump flow direction switching device. By controlling opening degrees of the pump flow direction switching devices, the first heat medium channel which communicates with the pump is selected.

Abstract: Provided is a construction machine capable of achieving an energy conservation effect while restraining overcharge of an electrical storage device, including an engine, a slewing electric motor, an electrical storage device, a generator-motor, and an assist controller which causes the generator-motor to assist the engine to consume an electric power equal to or more than an electric power equal to a difference between the regeneration power and the maximum allowable charge amount, when a regeneration power regenerated by the slewing electric motor is equal to or more than a maximum allowable charge amount which is a maximum amount of an electric power within which the electrical storage device can be charged.

Abstract: An air-conditioning apparatus includes: an outdoor unit including a compressor, a first refrigerant flow path switching device, and a heat-source-side heat exchanger; a heat medium relay unit including an intermediate heat exchanger, an expansion device, a second refrigerant flow path switching device, and a pump; and at least one indoor unit including a use-side heat exchanger. The compressor, the first refrigerant flow path switching device, the expansion device, the second refrigerant flow path switching device, and the intermediate heat exchanger are connected using a refrigerant pipe, thereby making up a refrigeration cycle. The intermediate heat exchanger and the use-side heat exchanger are connected using a heat medium pipe, thereby making up a heat medium circulation circuit in which a heat medium different from the refrigerant circulates.

Abstract: An air-conditioning apparatus includes a suction-injection pipe that introduces a refrigerant in a liquid or two-phase state into a suction side of a compressor, an expansion device that is arranged at the suction-injection pipe, and a controller that regulates the suction-injection flow rate of a refrigerant introduced into the suction side of the compressor through the suction-injection pipe by controlling the opening degree of the expansion device.