Abstract: A cell sheet-forming member provided with a surface for forming a cell sheet, wherein the surface comprises a plurality of flat parts and a plurality of concavo-convex parts. Each flat part has a shape extending along a first direction and the plurality of the flat parts are aligned along a second direction intersecting with the first direction over the entire surface. Either of convex parts or concave parts have a stepped structure and individual concave and convex parts include a plurality of the stepped structures which fill gaps between flat parts adjacent to each other, wherein the pitch of said stepped structures is from 100 nm to 10 ?m inclusive.

Abstract: A method for forming a cell sheet includes: providing an apparatus including a cell-sheet forming member having a surface for forming a cell sheet, wherein the surface includes a plurality of flat portions and a plurality of recession/protrusion portions, and each of the plurality of flat portions has a shape extending in a first direction over an entirety of the surface; culturing a cell on the surface of the cell-sheet forming member to make the cell to adhere to the surface of the cell-sheet forming member, wherein the cell is more likely to adhere to one of the flat portions and the recession/protrusion portions than the other, thereby forming a cell sheet wherein an extension direction of the cell is aligned with the first direction; and peeling the cell sheet from the surface of the cell-sheet forming member.

Abstract: An analytical substrate including a substrate of which at least a first surface includes a dielectric or a semiconductor, and a metal film on the first surface of the substrate, and which includes protruding portions and protruding portions, in which the height of apex portions of the protruding portions is the height of a peak that is the greatest distance from the substrate in the surface height distribution of the metal film; the height of apex portions of the protruding portions is the height of a peak that is the next greatest distance from the substrate in the surface height distribution of the metal film; and the average value of the width of the protruding portions excluding groove regions, in which the height of the peak is the smallest distance from the substrate is at most equal to 200 nm.

Abstract: A cell sheet-forming member provided with a surface for forming a cell sheet, wherein the surface comprises a plurality of flat parts and a plurality of concavo-convex parts. Each flat part has a shape extending along a first direction and the plurality of the flat parts are aligned along a second direction intersecting with the first direction over the entire surface. Either of convex parts or concave parts have a stepped structure and individual concave and convex parts include a plurality of the stepped structures which fill gaps between flat parts adjacent to each other, wherein the pitch of said stepped structures is from 100 nm to 10 ?m inclusive.

Abstract: An optical element having, on one surface thereof, multiple recessed sections arranged at a most frequent pitch equal to or less than the wavelength of light in the operating environment, the optical element having, when seen in plan view, multiple domains in which the multiple recessed sections are aligned in a predetermined arrangement, and, multiple protruding sections formed in a region sandwiched between the multiple domains and/or in a region surrounded by the multiple recessed sections inside the domains, the multiple protruding sections accounting for a surface area ratio of 1%-15% as seen in plan view.

Abstract: An optical element including, on a substrate, an anti-reflection layer on multiple small concave protrusions, which have a modal pitch less than or equal to a wavelength of light in an environment where the optical element is to be used, are formed; in which 80% or more of the concave protrusions include one or more steps, and satisfy the following conditions: 0.12d?ws?0.17d and 0.42h?zs?0.52h, in which d is a diameter of the concave protrusions, h is a depth of the concave protrusions, ws is a total width of the steps in any cut surface; and zs is an average depth of the steps.

Abstract: An optical element having, on one surface thereof, multiple recessed sections arranged at a most frequent pitch equal to or less than the wavelength of light in the operating environment, the optical element having, when seen in plan view, multiple domains in which the multiple recessed sections are aligned in a predetermined arrangement, and, multiple protruding sections formed in a region sandwiched between the multiple domains and/or in a region surrounded by the multiple recessed sections inside the domains, the multiple protruding sections accounting for a surface area ratio of 1%-15% as seen in plan view.

Abstract: An optical element including, on a substrate, an anti-reflection layer on multiple small concave protrusions, which have a modal pitch less than or equal to a wavelength of light in an environment where the optical element is to be used, are formed; in which 80% or more of the concave protrusions include one or more steps, and satisfy the following conditions: 0.12d?ws?0.17d and 0.42h?zs?0.52h, in which d is a diameter of the concave protrusions, h is a depth of the concave protrusions, ws is a total width of the steps in any cut surface; and zs is an average depth of the steps.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the present application, a liquid crystal panel drive device includes a signal processing section for determining an output gray scale in accordance with a gray scale transition from the gray scale which is forecasted to reach by a previous response to an input gray scale and can carry out overdrive with the output gray scale. At a temperature at which a rise gray scale transition may occur in absence of a response condition does not exist for single overdrive, the signal processing section determines, as an output gray scale, a gray scale lower than a maximum gray scale with respect to a particular gray scale transition out of a rise type gray scale transition. In such a way, a display quality (especially a moving image display quality) at a low temperature can be improved.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal panel (2) disposed between two linear polarization plates (1, 3) and a triacetyl cellulose film having biaxial optical anisotropy (4), the triacetyl cellulose film having biaxial optical anisotropy (4) (i) being disposed further from the screen front side than a front polarization plate, which is one of the two linear polarization plates (1, 3), and (ii) having a planar retardation comprised in a range from 40 nm to 100 nm. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device allowing an observer to perceive, through polarized sunglasses and with a high display quality, an image on a screen not only from a frontal viewpoint but also if an azimuth angle and a polar angle at which viewpoints are set are shifted from the frontal viewpoint.

Abstract: The present invention provides an MVA transmissive or transflective liquid crystal display device with display qualities enhanced along with improvement in contrast. A liquid crystal display device of the present invention including: a pair of substrates; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates, wherein one of the pair of substrates includes a pixel electrode having a rectangular shape when viewed from a display face side, the other substrate includes a linear-shaped dielectric protrusion overlapping with a corner portion of the pixel electrode when viewed from the display face side, and at least one of the pair of substrates includes a corner light-shielding member overlapping with a region where the linear-shaped dielectric protrusion and the corner portion of the pixel electrode overlap with each other.

Abstract: The present invention provides a LCD device providing wide viewing angle display and having an improved transmittance and contrast ratio. The present invention is a liquid crystal display device including: a first substrate; a liquid crystal layer; and a second substrate in this order toward a display face, wherein each of the first and second substrates includes a polarizer and a transparent electrode, the first substrate includes a reflector, the liquid crystal layer contains a liquid crystal material with negative dielectric anisotropy, at least one of the first and second substrates includes a ?/4 retarder including a dielectric material, the ?/4 retarder is arranged to overlap with the reflector when viewed from the display face, and the ?/4 retarder is arranged on a liquid crystal side of the transparent electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides an MVA transmissive or transflective liquid crystal display device with display qualities enhanced along with improvement in contrast. A liquid crystal display device of the present invention including: a pair of substrates; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates, wherein one of the pair of substrates includes a pixel electrode having a rectangular shape when viewed from a display face side, the other substrate includes a linear-shaped dielectric protrusion overlapping with a corner portion of the pixel electrode when viewed from the display face side, and at least one of the pair of substrates includes a corner light-shielding member overlapping with a region where the linear-shaped dielectric protrusion and the corner portion of the pixel electrode overlap with each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal panel (2) disposed between two linear polarization plates (1, 3) and a triacetyl cellulose film having biaxial optical anisotropy (4), the triacetyl cellulose film having biaxial optical anisotropy (4) (i) being disposed further from the screen front side than a front polarization plate, which is one of the two linear polarization plates (1, 3), and (ii) having a planar retardation comprised in a range from 40 nm to 100 nm. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device allowing an observer to perceive, through polarized sunglasses and with a high display quality, an image on a screen not only from a frontal viewpoint but also if an azimuth angle and a polar angle at which viewpoints are set are shifted from the frontal viewpoint.

Abstract: In a transflective type liquid crystal display device of a vertical alignment mode in which liquid crystal domains exhibiting axisymmetric orientations are created, a difference in response speed between a region which presents display in the transmission mode and a region which presents display in the reflection mode is reduced. A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a first substrate and a second substrate and a vertical-alignment type liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween, and has a plurality of pixel regions. The first substrate has a wall-like structure in regular arrangement on the liquid crystal layer side, and the liquid crystal layer forms at least one liquid crystal domain in a region substantially surrounded by the wall-like structure when a predetermined voltage is applied across the liquid crystal layer, the at least one liquid crystal domain exhibiting an axisymmetric orientation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transmissive or transflective liquid crystal display device in which interference fringes due to reflective light is suppressed and display qualities are improved. A liquid crystal display device of the present invention include: a first substrate; a liquid crystal layer; and a second substrate, formed in this order toward a display surface, wherein at least one of the first and second substrates includes a dielectric protrusion protruded toward the liquid crystal layer, the first substrate includes a reflective film being regularly arranged and overlapping with the dielectric protrusion as viewed in plan, and the reflective film includes a plurality of convex portions protruded toward the display surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a LCD device providing wide viewing angle display and having an improved transmittance and contrast ratio. The present invention is a liquid crystal display device including: a first substrate; a liquid crystal layer; and a second substrate in this order toward a display face, wherein each of the first and second substrates includes a polarizer and a transparent electrode, the first substrate includes a reflector, the liquid crystal layer contains a liquid crystal material with negative dielectric anisotropy, at least one of the first and second substrates includes a ?/4 retarder including a dielectric material, the ?/4 retarder is arranged to overlap with the reflector when viewed from the display face, and the ?/4 retarder is arranged on a liquid crystal side of the transparent electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display of a CPA mode includes: an active matrix substrate (20) including a plurality of pixel electrodes (23); a counter substrate (30) provided so as to face the active matrix substrate (20), the counter substrate (30) including a common electrode (33); a liquid crystal layer (40) held between the active matrix substrate (20) and the counter substrate (30); and a plurality of pixels (10), the plurality of pixel electrodes (23) being provided at a constant gap from the common electrode (33), the plurality of pixels (10) each having a reflective display region (R) and a transmissive display region (T), the reflective display region (R) for performing display of a transmissive mode, the reflective display region (R) including an alignment control section (4) which makes a thickness (d2) of part of the liquid crystal layer (40) in the reflective display region (R) smaller than a thickness (d1) of the liquid crystal layer (40) in the transmissive display region (T) and which controls alignment d

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel (1) having a transmissive display region and a reflective display region, in which liquid crystal display panel (1) a pixel (PIXji) has a transmissive display region (21) having a substantially rectangular shape when viewed in a direction orthogonal to a panel plane, includes a protrusion (51) formed at and entirely along at least one edge of the reflective display region, the protrusion (51) having a projecting-line shape whose width is in a direction orthogonal to that edge of the reflective display region in the panel plane at and along which the protrusion is provided, and the protrusion (51) protruding into a liquid crystal layer in a layer thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a semi-transmissive or reflective liquid crystal display device in which gray scale inversion is suppressed by appropriately adjusting its voltage-reflection luminance characteristics. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device including: a pair of substrates; and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates, wherein the liquid crystal display device includes a transmission region and a reflection region, the reflection region includes a first section and a second section, a thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the first section is larger than half of but equal to or smaller than a thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the transmission region, and a thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the second section is larger than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the transmission region.