Abstract: An electro-mechanical box trainer for neurosurgery comprise: (i) a base part which comprises a rubberized working port (11) for insertion of endoscope (26) and tool (25) for manipulation, a microcontroller programmed motorized peg plate (14) placed at 45° degrees of inclination for defining a practice volume according to the neuroendoscopy, a membrane keypad to change the angle of rotation of said peg plate (14) along vertical axis, liquid crystal display (LED) array to illuminate the interior of the box and a removable base plate (6) to house the circuitry; and (ii) a removable part enclosed of five walls such as a front wall (18), two lateral walls (17 and 19), a back wall (20) and a top wall (23), comprises a housing to mount an auxiliary camera (32) to record all the task for evaluation and a slider at the back to adjust the camera focus.

Abstract: A neuro-drill stencil trainer for demarcation of drilling on flat and curved bones comprises: i) one flat stencil which further comprises: a flat base (5), outer region (1), inner region (2), four slots (3) to define constrained region for drilling procedure, a handle (4) placed on the center region, to firmly hold the stencil at stationary position and ii) one curved stencil further comprises curved base (6), outer circles (7), inner circles (8), slots (9) and handle (10).

Abstract: An electro-mechanical box trainer for neurosurgery comprise: (i) a base part which comprises a rubberized working port (11) for insertion of endoscope (26) and tool (25) for manipulation, a microcontroller programmed motorized peg plate (14) placed at 45° degrees of inclination for defining a practice volume according to the neuroendoscopy, a membrane keypad to change the angle of rotation of said peg plate (14) along vertical axis, liquid crystal display (LED) array to illuminate the interior of the box and a removable base plate (6) to house the circuitry; and (ii) a removable part enclosed of five walls such as a front wall (18), two lateral walls (17 and 19), a back wall (20) and a top wall (23), comprises a housing to mount an auxiliary camera (32) to record all the task for evaluation and a slider at the back to adjust the camera focus.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of detecting and using motion modes in a mobile device is described. Movement data is collected from an inertial motion unit (IMU) of the mobile device and compared to two or more sets of training data, each set of training data corresponding to a different motion mode. Then, a motion mode is determined to be the current mode of the mobile device on the results of the comparison. The motion mode is used by the mobile device in a variety of applications.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for estimating a user's altitude with respect to the mean sea level are provided. According to some aspects, the present invention is able to estimate altitude in both open sky as well as in degraded GPS signal environments such as dense urban canyon environments where GPS performance is affected by fewer available satellites and/or multipath error. According to other aspects, the present invention uses data from a pressure sensor to estimate altitude, either with or without the use of GPS aiding data. According to further aspects, estimated altitude is integrated with other types of dead reckoning data to provide user context detection pertaining to changes of altitude.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for estimating a user's altitude with respect to the mean sea level are provided. According to some aspects, the present invention is able to estimate altitude in both open sky as well as in degraded GPS signal environments such as dense urban canyon environments where GPS performance is affected by fewer available satellites and/or multipath error. According to other aspects, the present invention uses data from a pressure sensor to estimate altitude, either with or without the use of GPS aiding data. According to further aspects, estimated altitude is integrated with other types of dead reckoning data to provide user context detection pertaining to changes of altitude.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of detecting and using motion modes in a mobile device is described. Movement data is collected from an inertial motion unit (IMU) of the mobile device and compared to two or more sets of training data, each set of training data corresponding to a different motion mode. Then, a motion mode is determined to be the current mode of the mobile device on the results of the comparison. The motion mode is used by the mobile device in a variety of applications.