Abstract: A body coated with cubic boron nitride is disclosed which includes a base material, a first interlayer formed on the base material, a second interlayer formed on the first interlayer, a third interlayer formed on the second interlayer, and a cubic boron nitride film formed on the third interlayer. Each of the first and second interlayers comprises nitride or boride mixed with an adding element chosen from the IVb, IIIb, Vb, IVa, Va and VIa groups of the periodic table. In one embodiment of the invention, the composition ratio of the adding element to the nitride or boride decreases towards the surface between the second interlayer and the third interlayer. The third interlayer also contains nitride or boride mixed with an adding element chosen from the IVb, IIIb, Vb, IVa, Va and VIa groups of the periodic table. In one embodiment of the invention, the total mixing amount of the adding element in the third interlayer is 0.01 atomic % to 10 atomic %, and shows an absorption peak at the wave number of 950 cm.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a reactive deposition film includes a member for supporting a body to be coated in a vacuum chamber; an evaporation source of element constituting the reactive deposition film; apparatus for introducing a reaction gas into the vacuum chamber; bias apparatus for applying a high frequency or radio frequency (rf) bias voltage to the body; an electron beam generator for supplying electron beams towards the body; and a magnetic field generator which generates such a magnetic field that distributes the electron beams supplied from the electron beam generator uniformly to the whole region adjacent to the surface of the body and traps electrons from the electron beams in the region, whereby plasma of high density can be formed uniformly in the whole region adjacent to the surface of the body.

Abstract: A body coated with cubic boron nitride comprises: a base material; a first interlayer of nitride or boride with which at least one element of IVb group, IIIb group, Vb group, IVa group, Va group and VIa group of the periodic table, in accordance with the quality of the material of the base material is mixed, and the composition ratio of the at least one element is decreased towards the surface, the first interlayer being formed on the base material; and/or a second interlayer of nitride or boride with which at least one element of IVb group, IIIb group, Vb group, IVa group, Va group and VIa group of the periodic table, in accordance with the quality of the material of the base material is mixed at the total mixing amount 0.01 atomic % to 10 atomic %, and shows an absorption peak at the wave number of 950 cm.sup.-1 to 1150 cm.sup.

Abstract: A method or joining ceramics comprising the steps: of preparing a ceramics body and another body to be connected with the ceramics body; of interposing a layer of ultra-fine particles having smaller size than the surface roughnesses of the contact surfaces of the ceramics body and the other body, the layer having larger thickness than the surface roughnesses, and the ultra-fine particles being reactive with the ceramics body and the other body and forming a reaction produce which has a strong bonding power to the ceramics body and the other body; and then of pressing and heating the piled composition of the ceramics body, other body and layer.