Abstract: A coupling system for a gripper attached to a robot and includes a robot-side flange and a gripper-side flange, in the robot-side flange, a first line is formed, and in the gripper-side flange a second line is formed, the robot-side flange is coupled to the gripper-side flange and secured against twisting, the gripper-side flange has a through bore that has a through bore diameter and an insertion opening with an opening width, the through bore diameter is greater than the opening width, a locking between the robot-side flange and the gripper-side flange is realized by a locking bolt arranged movably on or in the robot-side flange, the locking bolt has a first bolt diameter and a second bolt diameter, the first bolt diameter is greater than the second bolt diameter, and the first bolt diameter is greater than the opening width.

Abstract: A control unit can receive a digital impression of an oral cavity, receive a selection of a region of interest in the digital impression, determine a size of the region of interest, determine a second reference point in the digital impression, determine a position of a selected region of interest using the first reference point, the second reference point, and the digital impression, control the x-ray detector and the x-ray source to position on opposing sides of the head such that the region of interest can be exposed with an x-ray cone beam, control one or more adjustable shutters to restrict the x-ray cone beam to expose substantially not more than the region of interest, control acquisition of at least one x-ray projection image of the region of interest, and generate an x-ray image using the x-ray projection image or images.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are provided for displaying the position of a dental file during endodontic treatment. Data showing the morphology of a tooth is obtained. In one embodiment, the data is X-ray image data. A three-dimensional representation of the dental file positioned in the tooth is generated, and a length that the dental file extends from an upper surface of the tooth is determined from the three-dimensional representation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a window system for an intraoral scanner. Said window system comprises an optical element having a thermal conductivity of more than 1 W m?1 K?1. A window, which comprises a pane made for example of a plastic, glass, or corundum, is detachably disposed on the optical element at an average distance of less than 1 mm. At least one heat source is also connected to the optical element. The invention further relates to an intraoral scanner. Said intraoral scanner comprises the window system. The optical element and the at least one heat source are connected to the intraoral scanner. The window is disposed in a cover. Said cover can be disposed on the intraoral scanner such that the window has an average distance of less than 1 mm from the optical element.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical measuring method for the three-dimensional detection of the surface of an object using an optical recording unit. The optical recording unit is moved relative to the object during a first measurement time interval, height maps are successively detected by the recording unit at a recording frequency, and at least some of the detected height maps are each added to an overall height map and displayed. The recording frequency is regulated by control signals during the measurement time interval. The control signals are generated spaced apart in time and for the purposes of producing each control signal, a statistic for the quality of the height map is determined for the respectively last detected height image and used for producing the control signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical measuring method for three-dimensionally capturing the surface of an object by means of an optical capturing unit, wherein the optical capturing unit is moved relative to the object during a first measurement time period, the object is illuminated by the capturing unit with an illumination beam having a light intensity, height images are captured by the capturing unit in succession at a capturing frequency, at least some of the captured height images during the measurement time period are added to form a total height image and the total height image is displayed, and the light intensity and/or the capturing frequency are controlled during the measurement time period by control signals, the control signals being produced at time intervals during the measurement time period and each control signal being produced on the basis of at least one sensor signal of a temperature sensor.

Abstract: A system for scanning anatomical structures and for visualizing the scanning result, wherein the system includes an intraoral scanner, which intraorally captures an image of the anatomical structures, an extraoral detection unit, which detects a spatial position of the intraoral scanner relative to an observer or a person conducting the scan, and a computing unit, which, during the scanning procedure, connects the scanner with a screen and the detection unit and generates a scanning result based on the intraorally captured image of the anatomical structures and the detected spatial position of the intraoral scanner relative to the observer, and which, during pauses in the scanning procedure, estimates the position, orientation and scaling of the anatomical structures and, as a scanning result, generates an image of the anatomical structures corresponding to the estimation, and wherein the screen displays the scanning result generated by the computing unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical measuring method for three-dimensionally capturing the surface of an object by means of an optical capturing unit, wherein the optical capturing unit is moved relative to the object during a first measurement time period, the object is illuminated by the capturing unit with an illumination beam having a light intensity, height images are captured by the capturing unit in succession at a capturing frequency, at least some of the captured height images during the measurement tune period are added to form a total height image and the total height image is displayed, and the light intensity and/or the capturing frequency are controlled during the measurement time period by control signals, the control signals being produced at time intervals during the measurement time period and each control signal being produced on the basis of at least one sensor signal of a temperature sensor.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical measuring method for the three-dimensional detection of the surface of an object using an optical recording unit. The optical recording unit is moved relative to the object during a first measurement time interval, height maps are successively detected by the recording unit at a recording frequency, and at least some of the detected height maps are each added to an overall height map and displayed. The recording frequency is regulated by control signals during the measurement time interval. The control signals are generated spaced apart in time and for the purposes of producing each control signal, a statistic for the quality of the height map is determined for the respectively last detected height image and used for producing the control signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a window system for an intraoral scanner. Said window system comprises an optical element having a thermal conductivity of more than 1 W m?1 K?1. A window, which comprises a pane made for example of a plastic, glass, or corundum, is detachably disposed on the optical element at an average distance of less than 1 mm. At least one heat source is also connected to the optical element. The invention further relates to an intraoral scanner. Said intraoral scanner comprises the window system. The optical element and the at least one heat source are connected to the intraoral scanner. The window is disposed in a cover. Said cover can be disposed on the intraoral scanner such that the window has an average distance of less than 1 mm from the optical element.

Abstract: A method is proposed for creating a virtual articulator for a jaw and the associated dentition having the following steps: image a virtual model of the teeth of the maxilla (140); image a virtual model of the teeth of the mandible (130); buccal imaging of the position and orientation of the teeth (130, 140) of the maxilla and mandible in the closed-bite position; buccal imaging of the position and orientation of the teeth (130, 140) of the maxilla and mandible in a slightly open position; computational determination of the position of the condylar articulation axis (150) relative to the teeth (130, 140) of the mandible and/or maxilla from the imaged positions and orientations; and a virtual articulator can thereby be created without having to possess special knowledge, e.g. of the dimensions of a specific mechanical articulator or any adapter elements, or their arrangement.

Abstract: A system for scanning anatomical structures and for visualizing the scanning result, wherein the system includes an intraoral scanner, which intraorally captures an image of the anatomical structures, an extraoral detection unit, which detects a spatial position of the intraoral scanner relative to an observer or a person conducting the scan, and a computing unit, which, during the scanning procedure, connects the scanner with a screen and the detection unit and generates a scanning result based on the intraorally captured image of the anatomical structures and the detected spatial position of the intraoral scanner relative to the observer, and which, during pauses in the scanning procedure, estimates the position, orientation and scaling of the anatomical structures and, as a scanning result, generates an image of the anatomical structures corresponding to the estimation, and wherein the screen displays the scanning result generated by the computing unit.

Abstract: A method is proposed for creating a virtual articulator for a jaw and the associated dentition having the following steps: image a virtual model of the teeth of the maxilla (140); image a virtual model of the teeth of the mandible (130); buccal imaging of the position and orientation of the teeth (130, 140) of the maxilla and mandible in the closed-bite position; buccal imaging of the position and orientation of the teeth (130, 140) of the maxilla and mandible in a slightly open position; computational determination of the position of the condylar articulation axis (150) relative to the teeth (130, 140) of the mandible and/or maxilla from the imaged positions and orientations; and a virtual articulator can thereby be created without having to possess special knowledge, e.g. of the dimensions of a specific mechanical articulator or any adapter elements, or their arrangement.

Abstract: A dental 3D camera for optically scanning a three-dimensional object, and a method for operating a dental 3D camera. The camera operates in accordance with a triangulation procedure to acquire a plurality of images of the object. The method comprises forming at least one comparative signal based on at least two images of the object acquired by the camera while at least one pattern is projected on the object, and determining at least one camera shake index based on the at least one comparative signal.

Abstract: For the purpose of 3D scanning the surface of an object by optical double triangulation using the phase-shifting method, more particularly for dental purposes, at least two 3D scans of the same object (1) are carried out at different triangulation angles (?1, ?2), the first angle of which is known and the second angle of which is known at least approximately. For each pixel (Bi) of the phase related image (?1(x,y)), a wave number (wz(xi,yi) is determined using the second phase related image, the integral portion of which is equal to the order (n) of the uniqueness range (E1) in which the respective pixel (Bi) is located. The wave number (wz(x,y)) is optimized, at least for a random sample of m pixels (Bi), by minimizing a non-integral portion of the wave number (wz (xi,yi)?[wz(xi,yi)]).

Abstract: A dental 3D camera for optically scanning a three-dimensional object, and a method for operating a dental 3D camera. The camera operates in accordance with a triangulation procedure to acquire a plurality of images of the object. The method comprises forming at least one comparative signal based on at least two images of the object acquired by the camera while at least one pattern is projected on the object, and determining at least one camera shake index based on the at least one comparative signal.

Abstract: A dental 3D camera for optically scanning a three-dimensional object, and a method for operating a dental 3D camera. The camera operates in accordance with a triangulation procedure to acquire a plurality of images of the object. The method comprises forming at least one comparative signal based on at least two images of the object acquired by the camera while at least one pattern is projected on the object, and determining at least one camera shake index based on the at least one comparative signal.

Abstract: For the purpose of 3D scanning the surface of an object by optical double triangulation using the phase-shifting method, more particularly for dental purposes, at least two 3D scans of the same object (1) are carried out at different triangulation angles (?1, ?2), the first angle of which is known and the second angle of which is known at least approximately. For each pixel (Bi) of the phase related image (?1(x,y)), a wave number (wz(xi,yi) is determined using the second phase related image, the integral portion of which is equal to the order (n) of the uniqueness range (E1) in which the respective pixel (Bi) is located. The wave number (wz(x,y)) is optimized, at least for a random sample of m pixels (Bi), by minimizing a non-integral portion of the wave number (wz (xi,yi)?[wz(xi,yi)]).

Abstract: A dental 3D camera for optically scanning a three-dimensional object, and a method for operating a dental 3D camera. The camera operates in accordance with a triangulation procedure to acquire a plurality of images of the object. The method comprises forming at least one comparative signal based on at least two images of the object acquired by the camera while at least one pattern is projected on the object, and determining at least one camera shake index based on the at least one comparative signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for use with a system including a processor that controls a resource configuration to perform a sequence including a plurality of cells, the method for programming the processor to help a system operator restart the sequence after the sequence is halted, the method comprising the steps of, during a commissioning procedure, the method including the steps of providing a sequence including at least one conditional section including at least one decision cell that determines which of at least two different subsets of conditional cells (cell subsets) to perform during the at least one conditional section, beginning with the first sequence cell, performing each cell, after each cell is performed, identifying resource operating characteristics (ROCs), correlating the identified ROCs with a cell identifier and storing the identified ROCs as required ROCs along with the cell identifier for subsequent use during a restart procedure.