Abstract: A plurality of electronic documents comprising one or more document pages are received. First position markers, second position markers and page identifiers are inserted to the pages. The plurality of electronic documents are printed, thereby generating a printed corpus comprising a plurality of printed documents. The plurality of printed documents are scanned, thereby generating a scanned corpus comprising a plurality of scanned images. Scanning frame positions of the first and the second position markers are detected and the detected scanning frame positions and the page positions are used to define affine transformations between the plurality of scanned images and the corresponding document pages. The affine transformations are applied to the plurality of scanned images to align the plurality of scanned images with the corresponding document pages of the plurality of electronic documents.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for digitizing a document, wherein the document has assigned a classification scheme may be provided. A digital image and an identifier of the classification scheme may be received, the image representing a portion of the document. A segmentation of the image may be determined into one or more image segments; for each of the image segments, content information may be captured from the image segment and a category may be assigned to the image segment, the category being selected from the classification scheme. One or more digitization segments may be selected from the segmentation. A graph model of the document may be populated, wherein each of the digitization segments is represented by a segment node of the graph model.

Abstract: A method of collecting training data of a document component may be provided. The documents have a structure and are coded in the typesetting language TeX. The method comprise receiving a TeX source file, compiling it into a PDF file and a related sync file, analyzing the PDF file, thereby determining a non-text-only document component. The method comprises also determining first coordinates of the non-text-only document component and a corresponding page number, determining a typesetting command relating to a non-text-only document component and determining second coordinates of a bounding box and a corresponding page number from the sync file, determining text elements in the non-text-only document component of the PDF file for which the first coordinates and the second coordinates overlap, and combining the determined text elements and linking them to a type of a non-text document component determined in the non-text-only document component in the TeX source file.

Abstract: Determining cognitive models to be deployed at auxiliary devices may include maintaining relations, e.g., in a database. The relations map hardware characteristics of auxiliary devices and example datasets to cognitive models. Cognitive models are determined for auxiliary devices, based on said relations, e.g., for each of the auxiliary devices. An input dataset is accessed, which comprises data of interest, e.g., collected at a core computing system (CCS), and hardware characteristics of each of the auxiliary devices. An auxiliary cognitive model is determined based on a core cognitive model run on the input dataset accessed, wherein the core cognitive model has been trained to learn at least part of said relations. Parameters of the auxiliary model determined can be communicated to said each of the auxiliary devices for the latter to deploy the auxiliary model determined. Method may be implemented in a network having an edge computing architecture.

Abstract: The invention relates to a computer-implemented method for automatically extracting data from a digital image comprising a graphical representation of quantitative data. The method comprises: Basic graphical objects are detected and structural primitives determined comprising grouping the basic graphical objects based on geometric relations. A semantic label is assigned to each of the structural primitives. A spatial data region of the graphical representation is determined using the semantic labels of the structural primitives. Quantitative data values are extracted which are represented by structural primitives within the data region which are assigned with first semantic labels identifying the respective structural primitives to represent quantitative data. The extracted quantitative data values are provided in units of pixels according to an image coordinate system.

Abstract: A multiplication device for performing a matrix-vector-multiplication may be provided. The multiplication device comprises a memristive crossbar array comprising a plurality of memristive devices. The device comprises a decomposition unit adapted for decomposing a matrix into a partial sum of multiple sub-matrices, and decomposing a vector into a sum of multiple sub-vectors, a programming unit adapted for programming the plurality of the memristive devices with values representing elements of the sub-matrices such that each one of the memristive devices corresponds to one of the elements of the sub-matrices, an applying unit adapted for applying elements of one of the multiple sub-vectors as input values to the memristive crossbar array to input lines of the memristive crossbar array resulting in partial results at output lines of the memristive crossbar array, and a summing unit adapted for scaling and summing the partial results building the product of the matrix and the vector.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system and method for extracting information from text data. The method comprises: obtaining a plurality of text elements. A word embedding algorithm may be applied to the obtained text elements by mapping each text element of at least part of the text elements into a vector of a predefined dimension. The mapped text elements may be clustered into groups using the distances between the respective vectors. For each text element of a set of text elements of the mapped text elements a respective distribution of neighbors across the groups may be built. Similarity scores may be computed using the distributions thereby for determining relations between the set of text elements.

Abstract: A method, a computer program product, and a computer system for monitoring and enforcing an automated fee payment in an infrastructure. A mobile device on a verifier's vehicle monitors a record of a transaction of a payment on a distributed ledger. The payment is paid for using a service of the infrastructure and by a mobile device on an infrastructure user's vehicle. The mobile device on the verifier's vehicle captures information of the transaction of the payment and the infrastructure user's vehicle. The information is broadcasted by the mobile device on the infrastructure user's vehicle. The mobile device on the verifier's vehicle determines whether there is a valid transaction of the payment for the service. The mobile device on the verifier's vehicle sends a violation record to an offense reporting address of an infrastructure provider, in response to determining that there is no valid transaction of the payment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a computer-implemented method for automatically extracting data from a digital image comprising a graphical representation of quantitative data. The method comprises: Basic graphical objects are detected and structural primitives determined comprising grouping the basic graphical objects based on geometric relations. A semantic label is assigned to each of the structural primitives. A spatial data region of the graphical representation is determined using the semantic labels of the structural primitives. Quantitative data values are extracted which are represented by structural primitives within the data region which are assigned with first semantic labels identifying the respective structural primitives to represent quantitative data. The extracted quantitative data values are provided in units of pixels according to an image coordinate system.

Abstract: A method for extracting information from a molecular pathway diagram may be provided. The method includes providing a molecular pathway diagram, detecting basic graphical structural elements in the diagram resulting in a set of basic objects, detecting a graphical semantic of each of the basic graphical structural elements resulting in a set of structural primitives, and detecting a graphical syntax of the basic graphical structural element relative to each other and to the diagram. Furthermore, the method includes assigning metadata to a plurality of the detected basic graphical structural elements, where the metadata includes basic graphical structural element data, graphical semantic data and graphical syntax data resulting in a set of entities and relationships.

Abstract: A multiplication device for performing a matrix-vector-multiplication may be provided. The multiplication device comprises a memristive crossbar array comprising a plurality of memristive devices. The device comprises a decomposition unit adapted for decomposing a matrix into a partial sum of multiple sub-matrices, and decomposing a vector into a sum of multiple sub-vectors, a programming unit adapted for programing the plurality of the memristive devices with values representing elements of the sub-matrices such that each one of the memristive devices corresponds to one of the elements of the sub-matrices, an applying unit adapted for applying elements of one of the multiple sub-vectors as input values to the memristive crossbar array to input lines of the memristive crossbar array resulting in partial results at output lines of the memristive crossbar array, and a summing unit adapted for scaling and summing the partial results building the product of the matrix and the vector.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system and method for extracting information from text data. The method comprises: obtaining a plurality of text elements. A word embedding algorithm may be applied to the obtained text elements by mapping each text element of at least part of the text elements into a vector of a predefined dimension. The mapped text elements may be clustered into groups using the distances between the respective vectors. For each text element of a set of text elements of the mapped text elements a respective distribution of neighbors across the groups may be built. Similarity scores may be computed using the distributions thereby for determining relations between the set of text elements.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention may provide the capability to evaluate logarithm and power (exponentiation) functions using either hardware specific instructions, or a hardware specific implementation with reduced memory requirements. An input comprising a floating point representation of a real number may be received and a mantissa and an exponent may be extracted. A function of a logarithm of a mantissa of the real number may be approximated by utilizing a polynomial based on the mantissa. The approximated function of the logarithm may be combined with the exponent for calculating a value comprising a logarithm of the real number. Likewise, an input comprising a floating point representation of a real number and a representation of a second number may be received and an approximation of the real number to the power of the second number may be generated.

Abstract: A method for extracting information from a molecular pathway diagram may be provided. The method includes providing a molecular pathway diagram, detecting basic graphical structural elements in the diagram resulting in a set of basic objects, detecting a graphical semantic of each of the basic graphical structural elements resulting in a set of structural primitives, and detecting a graphical syntax of the basic graphical structural element relative to each other and to the diagram. Furthermore, the method includes assigning metadata to a plurality of the detected basic graphical structural elements, where the metadata includes basic graphical structural element data, graphical semantic data and graphical syntax data resulting in a set of entities and relationships.

Abstract: The invention relates to a computer-implemented method for automatically extracting data from a digital image comprising a graphical representation of quantitative data. The method comprises: Basic graphical objects are detected and structural primitives determined comprising grouping the basic graphical objects based on geometric relations. A semantic label is assigned to each of the structural primitives. A spatial data region of the graphical representation is determined using the semantic labels of the structural primitives. Quantitative data values are extracted which are represented by structural primitives within the data region which are assigned with first semantic labels identifying the respective structural primitives to represent quantitative data. The extracted quantitative data values are provided in units of pixels according to an image coordinate system.

Abstract: A multiplication device for performing a matrix-vector-multiplication may be provided. The multiplication device comprises a memristive crossbar array comprising a plurality of memristive devices. The device comprises a decomposition unit adapted for decomposing a matrix into a partial sum of multiple sub-matrices, and decomposing a vector into a sum of multiple sub-vectors, a programming unit adapted for programming the plurality of the memristive devices with values representing elements of the sub-matrices such that each one of the memristive devices corresponds to one of the elements of the sub-matrices, an applying unit adapted for applying elements of one of the multiple sub-vectors as input values to the memristive crossbar array to input lines of the memristive crossbar array resulting in partial results at output lines of the memristive crossbar array, and a summing unit adapted for scaling and summing the partial results building the product of the matrix and the vector.

Abstract: A multiplication device for performing a matrix-vector-multiplication may be provided. The multiplication device comprises a memristive crossbar array comprising a plurality of memristive devices. The device comprises a decomposition unit adapted for decomposing a matrix into a partial sum of multiple sub-matrices, and decomposing a vector into a sum of multiple sub-vectors, a programming unit adapted for programming the plurality of the memristive devices with values representing elements of the sub-matrices such that each one of the memristive devices corresponds to one of the elements of the sub-matrices, an applying unit adapted for applying elements of one of the multiple sub-vectors as input values to the memristive crossbar array to input lines of the memristive crossbar array resulting in partial results at output lines of the memristive crossbar array, and a summing unit adapted for scaling and summing the partial results building the product of the matrix and the vector.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to simplifying large and complex networks and graphs using global connectivity information based on calculated node centralities. An aspect includes calculating node centralities of a graph until a designated number of central nodes are detected. A percentage of the central nodes are then selected as pivot nodes. The neighboring nodes to each of the pivot nodes are then collapsed until the graph shrinks to a predefined threshold of total nodes. Responsive to the number of total nodes reaching the predefined threshold, the simplified graph is outputted.

Abstract: A computing system includes computational memory and digital combinational circuitry operatively coupled with the computational memory. The computational memory is configured to perform computations at a prescribed precision. The digital combinational circuitry is configured to increase the precision of the computations performed by the computational memory. The computational memory and the digital combinational circuitry may be configured to iteratively perform a computation to a predefined precision. The computational memory may include circuitry configured to perform analog computation using values stored in the computational memory, and the digital combinational circuitry may include a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit and/or application specific circuitry. The computational memory may include an array of resistive memory elements having resistance or conductance values stored therein, the respective resistance or conductance values being programmable.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to simplifying large and complex networks and graphs using global connectivity information based on calculated node centralities. An aspect includes calculating node centralities of a graph until a designated number of central nodes are detected. A percentage of the central nodes are then selected as pivot nodes. The neighboring nodes to each of the pivot nodes are then collapsed until the graph shrinks to a predefined threshold of total nodes. Responsive to the number of total nodes reaching the predefined threshold, the simplified graph is outputted.