Abstract: An optical apparatus includes: an optical component opposed to and spaced apart from a light-emitting surface through which laser light is emitted; a case that houses a semiconductor laser element and the optical component and includes an introduction port for introducing gas and an exhaust port for exhausting the gas; and a flow passage section (i.e., a tubular body) including a spray port for spraying the semiconductor laser element with the gas introduced from the introduction port.

Abstract: A parking brake structure having a simple configuration that is reduced in the number of parts and weight, is provided. The parking brake structure is for use in a vehicle including a driving force transmission member and a rotation member. The driving force transmission member is configured to transmit a driving force of a power unit to a rear wheel. The rotation member is wound with the driving force transmission member while being fixed to the rear wheel. The parking brake structure includes a locking member configured to engage with the rotation member to prevent the rotation member from rotating. The rotation member has an outer circumferential end face that is formed with a plurality of protrusions and recesses between the protrusions adjacent to each other. The protrusions are used to engage with the driving force transmission member. The locking member is formed with a protrusion engageable with the recess.

Abstract: A parking brake structure having a simple configuration that is reduced in the number of parts and weight, is provided. The parking brake structure is for use in a vehicle that has a rear wheel brake including a rear wheel brake disc and a rear wheel brake caliper. The rear wheel brake disc has an outer circumferential end face that is provided with a plurality of recesses. The parking brake structure includes a locking member that is axially supported in a swingable manner to a bracket for supporting the rear wheel brake caliper. The locking member is formed with a protrusion engageable with the recess. The protrusion has a tapered shape that becomes thinner as it goes to a top, whereas the recess has a reverse tapered shape conforming to the shape of the protrusion. The bracket is attached with a vehicle speed sensor that measures vehicle speed based on a passing state of the recesses.

Abstract: To provide a parking brake apparatus for a saddled vehicle actuated in response to a reverse rotation on a throttle grip which is set in a simplified structure. A parking brake apparatus for a saddled vehicle includes a parking brake caliper configured to restrict a rotation of a rear wheel while the motorcycle is parked; a steering handle configured to steer a front wheel; and a throttle grip mounted on the steering handle and configured to control output of a power unit. The control unit actuates the parking brake caliper by a motor when at least the throttle grip is reversely rotated and the vehicle speed is zero. The throttle grip being reversely rotated is detected according to information from a throttle position sensor which is interlocked with the throttle grip.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes: an optical component opposed to and spaced apart from a light-emitting surface through which laser light is emitted; a case that houses a semiconductor laser element and the optical component and includes an introduction port for introducing gas and an exhaust port for exhausting the gas; and a flow passage section (i.e., a tubular body) including a spray port for spraying the semiconductor laser element with the gas introduced from the introduction port.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes: an optical component opposed to and spaced apart from a light-emitting surface through which laser light is emitted; a case that houses a semiconductor laser element and the optical component and includes an introduction port for introducing gas and an exhaust port for exhausting the gas; and a flow passage section (i.e., a tubular body) including a spray port for spraying the semiconductor laser element with the gas introduced from the introduction port.

Abstract: The semiconductor laser device includes: semiconductor laser elements; lenses; a deflection element; a wavelength dispersion element that wavelength-couples emitted light beams to form coupled light; and a partial reflection mirror. The lenses include a first lens that reduces a divergence angle of the emitted light beams in a first axis direction, and a second lens that is disposed between the first lens and the wavelength dispersion element and reduces the divergence angle of the laser beams in a second axis direction. The deflection element has planes each corresponding to the emitted light beams, at least one plane among the planes is inclined with respect to an optical axis of a corresponding one of the emitted light beams, which corresponds to each of the at least one plane, and the emitted light beams overlap one another on the wavelength dispersion element.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes: an optical component opposed to and spaced apart from a light-emitting surface through which laser light is emitted; a case that houses a semiconductor laser element and the optical component and includes an introduction port for introducing gas and an exhaust port for exhausting the gas; and a flow passage section (i.e., a tubular body) including a spray port for spraying the semiconductor laser element with the gas introduced from the introduction port.

Abstract: To provide a parking brake apparatus for a saddled vehicle actuated in response to a reverse rotation on a throttle grip which is set in a simplified structure. A parking brake apparatus for a saddled vehicle includes a parking brake caliper configured to restrict a rotation of a rear wheel while the motorcycle is parked; a steering handle configured to steer a front wheel; and a throttle grip mounted on the steering handle and configured to control output of a power unit. The control unit actuates the parking brake caliper by a motor when at least the throttle grip is reversely rotated and the vehicle speed is zero. The throttle grip being reversely rotated is detected according to information from a throttle position sensor which is interlocked with the throttle grip.

Abstract: A vehicle suspension system includes a vertically reciprocally movable suspension arm assembly having a minimal number of component parts and configured to be light in weight. The suspension arm assembly includes a lower arm portion including a plurality of arm members which are operatively connected together via a plurality of hinge joints. The arm members are operatively associated with each other in a manner so as to permit vertical reciprocating movement of a wheel, and are interconnected in a manner so as to permit a shock absorber to make a stroke motion, where one end of the shock absorber is attached to a portion of a vehicle body, and another end of the shock absorber is attached to one of the arm members.

Abstract: A front wheel suspension structure for a saddle-type vehicle (all terrain vehicle) includes a double wishbone suspension system. The double wishbone suspension system includes a pair of right and left upper arms and a pair of right and left lower arms. The upper arm and the lower arm each include a front arm portion and a rear arm portion, respectively, and each of the upper arm and the lower arm is attached to a side of a body frame at two points. When viewed in a side view, the rear arm portion of the upper arm is located in front of the rear arm portion of the lower arm. A front shock absorber is arranged behind the rear arm portion of the upper arm.

Abstract: A vehicle suspension system includes a vertically reciprocally movable suspension arm assembly having a minimal number of component parts and configured to be light in weight. The suspension arm assembly includes a lower arm portion including a plurality of arm members which are operatively connected together via a plurality of hinge joints. The arm members are operatively associated with each other in a manner so as to permit vertical reciprocating movement of a wheel, and are interconnected in a manner so as to permit a shock absorber to make a stroke motion, where one end of the shock absorber is attached to a portion of a vehicle body, and another end of the shock absorber is attached to one of the arm members.

Abstract: A brake disc guard is provided inside of a rim of a front wheel and mounted on a knuckle. A caliper is located in a cutout portion formed at a front portion of the brake disc guard. The caliper is supported through a caliper bracket to the knuckle. A large-diameter portion is formed at an upper front end portion of the brake disc guard. The large-diameter portion extends so as to cover the upper side of the caliper bracket and the caliper. A scraper is formed at the front end of the large-diameter portion so as to be bent radially outwardly. The spacing a between the rim and the scraper is set to be the smallest. The dirt deposited on the rim is scraped off by the scraper, so that the dirt separated from the rim is prevented from falling onto the caliper.

Abstract: A front wheel suspension structure for a saddle-type vehicle (all terrain vehicle) includes a double wishbone suspension system. The double wishbone suspension system includes a pair of right and left upper arms and a pair of right and left lower arms. The upper arm and the lower arm each include a front arm portion and a rear arm portion, respectively, and each of the upper arm and the lower arm is attached to a side of a body frame at two points. When viewed in a side view, the rear arm portion of the upper arm is located in front of the rear arm portion of the lower arm. A front shock absorber is arranged behind the rear arm portion of the upper arm.

Abstract: A brake disc guard is provided inside of a rim of a front wheel and mounted on a knuckle. A caliper is located in a cutout portion formed at a front portion of the brake disc guard. The caliper is supported through a caliper bracket to the knuckle. A large-diameter portion is formed at an upper front end portion of the brake disc guard. The large-diameter portion extends so as to cover the upper side of the caliper bracket and the caliper. A scraper is formed at the front end of the large-diameter portion so as to be bent radially outwardly. The spacing a between the rim and the scraper is set to be the smallest. The dirt deposited on the rim is scraped off by the scraper, so that the dirt separated from the rim is prevented from falling onto the caliper.