Abstract: An electromagnetic-wave absorbing method using a solar cell or cells is provided, whereby there comes about essentially no reflection of electromagnetic waves by the solar cell or cells without impeding solar light power generation thereby. A solar cell module (10) may be constructed from a plurality of solar cells (1) wherein respective upper electrodes (2, 2) are electrically connected together by a conductor (7) and a common lower electrode (6) is used. So that any possibly reflected wave may be absorbed, the impedance of the solar cells to electromagnetic waves incident thereon is matched to an electromagnetic-wave characteristic impedance by adjusting the number of the solar cells (1) arranged or the way in which they are arranged or by connecting a capacitor (13) across a pair of output terminals (8, 9) of the module.

Abstract: A flow battery comprises a plurality of unit cells each constituted of stacked unit cells each consisting of a prescribed number of stacked diaphragms and positive electrode chambers and negative electrode chambers separated by the diaphragms, a positive electrode fluid tank associated with each unit cell to have its outlet connected with an inlet of the positive electrode chamber of the unit cell and its inlet connected with an outlet of the positive chamber of a immediately preceding unit cell, a negative electrode fluid tank associated with each unit cell to have it outlet connected with an inlet of the negative chamber of the unit cell and its inlet connected with outlet of the negative chamber of an immediately preceding unit cell, a pump for supplying positive electrode fluid from the positive electrode fluid tanks to the positive electrode chambers, a pump for supplying negative electrode fluid from the negative electrode fluid tanks to the negative electrode chambers, and means for electrically connec