Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyamide resin composition that is excellent in mechanical characteristics, bonding properties and calcium chloride resistance and is suitably bonded to an acid-modified polyolefin, wherein the polyamide resin composition includes 70 to 99 mass % of an aliphatic polyamide resin (A) having an amino group concentration of 46 to 110 ?mol/g, 0 to 18 mass % of an aromatic polyamide resin (B), 0.01 to 0.50 mass % of a polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether (C), 0.01 to 0.50 mass % of a polyolefin wax (D) and 0 to 22.98 mass % of a component (E) other than (A) to (D), and the total of (A) to (E) is 100 mass %, and wherein the acid-modified polyolefin having an amount of acid modification of 8 to 100 ?mol/g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyamide resin composition that is excellent in mechanical characteristics, bonding properties, calcium chloride resistance and fuel resistance and is suitably bonded to an acid-modified polyolefin, wherein the polyamide resin composition includes 40 to 93 mass % of an aliphatic polyamide resin (A) having an amino group concentration of 46 to 110 ?mol/g, 2 to 10 mass % of an aromatic polyamide resin (B), 5 to 50 mass % of reinforcing fibers (C), and 0 to 53 mass % of a component (D) other than (A) to (C), and the total amount of (A) to (D) is 100 mass %, and wherein the amount of acid modification of the acid-modified polyolefin is 5 to 100 ?mol/g.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a polyimide-metal laminate including forming a polyimide film, in which at least surfaces of both sides of the film are formed by thermally fusion-bondable polyimide layers (a), and thermal compression-bonding metal layers on both sides of the polyimide film; in which forming the polyimide film includes reacting a tetracarboxylic dianhydride component with a diamine component containing a diamine compound represented by general formula (1) to give a solution of a polyamic acid (a), forming a self-supporting film from the solution of the polyamic acid (a) and imidizing the self-supporting film by heating at a maximum heating temperature of 440° C. or lower to form the polyimide layer (a); in which R1 represents hydrogen or alkyl or aryl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and R2 represents hydrogen or alkyl or aryl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a polyimide-metal laminate including forming a polyimide film, in which at least surfaces of both sides of the film are formed by thermally fusion-bondable polyimide layers (a), and thermal compression-bonding metal layers on both sides of the polyimide film; in which forming the polyimide film includes reacting a tetracarboxylic dianhydride component with a diamine component containing a diamine compound represented by general formula (1) to give a solution of a polyamic acid (a), forming a self-supporting film from the solution of the polyamic acid (a) and imidizing the self-supporting film by heating at a maximum heating temperature of 440° C. or lower to form the polyimide layer (a); in which R1 represents hydrogen or alkyl or aryl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and R2 represents hydrogen or alkyl or aryl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: According to the present invention, by using 4-halogeno-3-hydroxybutanamide as a substrate in quaternary amination reaction with trialkylamine which is an important step in betaine (such as carnitine) preparation processes, it becomes possible to reduce the production of crotonic acid derivatives (the major by-product) greatly compared to conventional processes. Consequently, it becomes possible to prepare a betaine, such as carnitine, at a high yield.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyimide film having improved adhesiveness to an adhesive and/or adherence to a metal layer. The polyimide film has at least a polyimide layer (b) and a polyimide layer (a) formed contacting the polyimide layer (b), wherein the polyimide layer (a) is a polyimide formed from a tetracarboxylic dianhydride component and a diamine component containing a diamine compound represented by general formula (1): wherein R1 denotes a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl group, and R2 denotes an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl group.

Abstract: According to the present invention, by using 4-halogeno-3-hydroxybutanamide as a substrate in quaternary amination reaction with trialkylamine which is an important step in betaine (such as carnitine) preparation processes, it becomes possible to reduce the production of crotonic acid derivatives (the major by-product) greatly compared to conventional processes. Consequently, it becomes possible to prepare a betaine, such as carnitine, at a high yield. The present invention also relates to a process for preparing a betaine represented by formula (1) below, comprising a step of quaternary aminating an amide represented by formula (2) below: wherein A1, A2 and A3 individually represent a C1-C20 hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent(s); and X1 is a halogen atom.