Abstract: Provided by the present invention is a method for producing an alkanediol, such as 1,5-pentanediol, with a high reaction selectivity thereto by reacting a cyclic ether group-containing methanol such as tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol by using a non-chromium catalyst not containing chromium atom. More specifically, the method is to produce an alkanediol having hydroxy groups at both molecular terminals shown by the formula (2), includes reacting a cyclic ether group-containing methanol shown by the formula (1) with hydrogen in the presence of a metal catalyst which contains copper atom, at least one co-existing atom selected from the group consisting of elements of the third to the sixth periods of the II to XIV groups (excluding chromium) in the periodical table and lanthanide elements.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide a method for efficiently producing high-purity 1,5-pentanediol by reacting tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol with hydrogen. This manufacturing method for producing high-purity 1,5-pentanediol comprises: step (I): a step of obtaining a crude reaction product by a hydrogenolysis reaction of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol with hydrogen carried out in the presence of a copper-containing catalyst with reaction temperature of 200 to 350° C. and reaction pressure of 1 to 40 MPa until conversion rate of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol reaches 80% or less; step (II): a step of separating tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and crude 1,5-pentanediol (A) from the crude reaction product obtained in the step (I), and then, supplying recovered tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol as a raw material for the step (I); and step (III): a step of obtaining the high-purity 1,5-pentanediol by distillation of the crude 1,5-pentanediol (A) obtained in the step (II).

Abstract: Provided by the present invention is a method for producing an alkanediol, such as 1,5-pentanediol, with a high reaction selectivity thereto by reacting a cyclic ether group-containing methanol such as tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol by using a non-chromium catalyst not containing chromium atom. More specifically, the method is to produce an alkanediol having hydroxy groups at both molecular terminals shown by the formula (2), includes reacting a cyclic ether group-containing methanol shown by the formula (1) with hydrogen in the presence of a metal catalyst which contains copper atom, at least one co-existing atom selected from the group consisting of elements of the third to the sixth periods of the II to XIV groups (excluding chromium) in the periodical table and lanthanide elements.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide a method for efficiently producing high-purity 1,5-pentanediol by reacting tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol with hydrogen. This manufacturing method for producing high-purity 1,5-pentanediol comprises: step (I): a step of obtaining a crude reaction product by a hydrogenolysis reaction of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol with hydrogen carried out in the presence of a copper-containing catalyst with reaction temperature of 200 to 350° C. and reaction pressure of 1 to 40 MPa until conversion rate of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol reaches 80% or less; step (II): a step of separating tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and crude 1,5-pentanediol (A) from the crude reaction product obtained in the step (I), and then, supplying recovered tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol as a raw material for the step (I); and step (III): a step of obtaining the high-purity 1,5-pentanediol by distillation of the crude 1,5-pentanediol (A) obtained in the step (II).

Abstract: A liquid polyethercarbonatediol compound, useful for producing a thermoplastic polyurethane having excellent weathering resistance, softness and stretchability, comprises a reaction product of (1) a carbonate-ester compound with (2) a polyetherdiol compound having, in the molecular structure thereof, structural units of -RO-(a) and structural units of —(CH2)—O-(b) and/or —CH2CH(CH3)—O-(c), in which reaction product, average molecular numbers n and m of the structural units (b) and (c), per mole of the structural units (a) satisfy the requirements: O?n?5, O?m?5 and 1<(n+m)?5.

Abstract: An electronic memo adding and displaying apparatus 50 includes a tablet with integrated display for electronically acquiring an electronic memo to a document input by a user through a virtual transparent input sheet registered to be overlapped with an arbitrary object document 52, and for displaying the electronic memo on the virtual transparent input sheet, and a control unit 58 performing an electronic memo storing process, for storing the electronic memo acquired through the tablet with integrated display in a storage while associating the electronic memo with the object document.

Abstract: A method for enabling a user to interactively manipulate data retained in a computer system includes the steps of: comparing a variable value with a predetermined threshold value, the variable value varying in accordance with a predetermined instruction which is input to the computer system; selecting one of a plurality of interaction tools in accordance with the result of comparison of the variable value with the predetermined threshold value, each of the plurality of interaction tools providing a different method for manipulating the same data; and displaying the selected one of the plurality of interaction tools.

Abstract: A System for retrieving and displaying attribute information of an object according to the present invention includes: detecting section for detecting an interaction between a user and the system; importance degree determining section for determining an importance degree of the object based on the interaction detected by the detecting section; object determining section for determining whether the attribute information of the object is to be displayed and an amount of the attribute information of the object which is to be displayed in accordance with the importance degree of the object; display layout generating section for generating a display layout for arranging the attribute information of the object in accordance with a result of the determination by the object determining section; and display section for displaying the attribute information of the object based on the display layout.

Abstract: A parameter processing device that allows setting of a critical parameter value includes a movable slide operator on a scale of a predetermined length, and two fine-adjustment switches provided integral to the slide operator. In the operation of setting a parameter value, a rough parameter value is set by moving the slide operator. Then, one of the fine-adjustment switches is depressed to fine-adjust the set rough parameter value. Here, the level of the depressed pressure is detected by an internal pressure sensor. The detected level of the depressed pressure is converted into a corresponding fine-adjustment granularity. The rough parameter value is updated using the obtained fine-adjustment granularity. Thus, a fine parameter value can be set easily that could not previously be set by just moving the slide operator. The setting of a parameter having a wide range can easily be carried out even in a limited region.

Abstract: Straight-chain acrylonitrile dimers including 1,4-dicyanobutene, 1,4-dicyanobutadiene and adiponitrile are produced at a high selectivity by dimerizing acrylonitrile in the presence of a ruthenium catalyst, and in the presence of a straight-chain dimer selectivity-enhancing agent comprising at least one member selected from(A) substituted benzoic acids, except for monoalkylbenzoic acids, having at least one substituent and preferably exhibiting a pKa of 1.50 to 6.0 determined in water at an ionic strength of 0 to 0.1 mole/liter at 25.degree. C.;(B) hetero atom-containing acyclic carboxylic acids having at least one substituent having a sulfur or nitrogen atom attached to a carbon atom located in an .alpha.- on .beta.

Abstract: Straight-chain acrylonitrile dimers including 1,4-dicyanobutene, 1,4-dicyanobutadiene and adiponitrile are produced at a high selectivity rate and yield by dimerizing acrylonitrile in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one ruthenium compound, for example dichloro-tetrakis (dimethylsulfoxide) ruthenium, and in the presence of at least one organic acid, for example, propionic acid, and optionally in the further presence of a basic compound, a reducing compound and/or a sulfoxide compound.

Abstract: There are disclosed a process for preparing 2-hydroxy-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid or 2-hydroxy-(4-substituted phenyl)propionic acid derivative which comprises reacting 2-methoxynaphthalene or substituted benzene derivatives with pyruvic acid in the presence of a Lewis acid and then, if necessary, hydrolyzing the obtained product, and a process for preparing 2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid or 2-(4-substituted phenyl)propionic acid derivative which comprises reducing 2-hydroxy-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid or 2-hydroxy-2-(4-substituted phenyl)propionic acid derivative in a lower aliphatic acid in the presence of an inorganic acid under hydrogen atmosphere by using a metal catalyst.