Abstract: In a photo-alignment liquid crystal panel capable of achieving a uniform display quality and highly reliable photo-alignment properties, and excellent electro-optical properties (transmittance, contrast, viewing angle, and response) for improving a basic performance and a high image quality of a liquid crystal panel and a liquid crystal display device, a structural composition of a polymer, which is preferable as a photo-alignment film, is unclear. The invention optimizes a copolymerization ratio and a modification rate of a photopolymer in order for a compound having photo-alignment properties to be contained as the photo-alignment film so as to enable the photo-alignment film to have the photo-alignment properties, and achieves the discovery of a preferred structural composition of the polymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device in which a good alignment state can be obtained, and the occurrence of AC image sticking can be suppressed. The present invention is a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules and being interposed between a pair of substrates, and an alignment layer provided on a side of the liquid crystal layer in at least one of the substrates, wherein the alignment layer includes a liquid crystal alignment polymer having a property of controlling and aligning the liquid crystal molecules, and the surface side chain density in the alignment layer is not less than 2.0.

Abstract: A thin-film magnetic head in which has a spin-valve element and a pair of electrode layers that are electrically connected to both ends of the element in the direction of width. A tantalum film is laminated as a protective layer on the uppermost part of the abovementioned element. A pair of electrode layers are caused to overlap on both end portions of the element. The tantalum oxide present in the areas on which the electrode layers overlap is removed prior to the formation of the electrode layers so that the electrical resistance between the electrode layers and the element is reduced.