Abstract: This inkjet head comprises: a nozzle plate including a plurality of nozzles; a vibration plate including a pressure chamber to store ink to be ejected from the nozzle; a spacer plate containing a piezoelectric layer to apply pressure to the pressure chamber; a vibration board provided between the pressure chamber and the piezoelectric layer to transmit deformation of the piezoelectric layer to the pressure chamber; and an intermediate substrate between the pressure chamber plate and the nozzle plate, the intermediate substrate including a communication flow path that communicates with the nozzle and the pressure chamber. The nozzle plate includes: an individual circulation flow path provided for each of the plurality of nozzles to discharge ink; and a common circulation flow path into which a plurality of individual circulation flow paths merge.

Abstract: When a diameter of a hole at an exit of a nozzle is expressed as D (?m) and a distance between a position in a circulation flow path part on a side thereof closest to the exit and the exit is expressed as N (?m) in an ink jet driving apparatus, N?3.47D is satisfied. During non-ejection, a driving control unit generates a driving signal for withdrawing ink from the exit of the nozzle to a side of a pressure chamber through a distance of 0.16N or more and 0.555D or less, and for causing the ink meniscus to oscillate, and applies the driving signal to a driving element.

Abstract: This inkjet head comprises: a nozzle plate including a plurality of nozzles; a vibration plate including a pressure chamber to store ink to be ejected from the nozzle; a spacer plate containing a piezoelectric layer to apply pressure to the pressure chamber; a vibration board provided between the pressure chamber and the piezoelectric layer to transmit deformation of the piezoelectric layer to the pressure chamber; and an intermediate substrate between the pressure chamber plate and the nozzle plate, the intermediate substrate including a communication flow path that communicates with the nozzle and the pressure chamber. The nozzle plate includes: an individual circulation flow path provided for each of the plurality of nozzles to discharge ink; and a common circulation flow path into which a plurality of individual circulation flow paths merge.

Abstract: When a diameter of a hole at an exit of a nozzle is expressed as D (?m) and a distance between a position in a circulation flow path part on a side thereof closest to the exit and the exit is expressed as N (?m) in an ink jet driving apparatus, N?3.47D is satisfied. During non-ejection, a driving control unit generates a driving signal for withdrawing ink from the exit of the nozzle to a side of a pressure chamber through a distance of 0.16N or more and 0.555D or less, and for causing the ink meniscus to oscillate, and applies the driving signal to a driving element.

Abstract: In a piezoelectric device, an ultrasound probe, and a droplet discharge unit of the present invention, each of a pair of first and second electrodes is placed on a piezoelectric member having a single orientation in a direction perpendicular to a thickness direction thereof to extend in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction or along the thickness direction and in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the orientation. Therefore, the piezoelectric device of the present invention has excellent piezoelectric properties. Further, the ultrasound probe and the droplet discharge unit of the present invention have good efficiency.

Abstract: In a piezoelectric actuator (1) that vibrates a diaphragm (12) provided on a pressure chamber (21) formed in a substrate (11) toward the pressure chamber (21), a lower electrode (13), a piezoelectric member (14) and an upper electrode (15) sequentially stacked on the diaphragm (12) are provided, on a part of the piezoelectric member (14) above the side wall of the pressure chamber (21), an upper electrode drawing portion (15a) drawn out from the upper electrode (15) above the pressure chamber (21) is formed and under the upper electrode drawing portion (15a), the piezoelectric member (14) is separated by a gap portion (S) above a boundary surface between the side wall (21a) of the pressure chamber (21) and the pressure chamber (21) in the substrate (11).

Abstract: In a piezoelectric device, an ultrasound probe, and a droplet discharge unit of the present invention, each of a pair of first and second electrodes is placed on a piezoelectric member having a single orientation in a direction perpendicular to a thickness direction thereof to extend in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction or along the thickness direction and in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the orientation. Therefore, the piezoelectric device of the present invention has excellent piezoelectric properties. Further, the ultrasound probe and the droplet discharge unit of the present invention have good efficiency.

Abstract: In a piezoelectric actuator (1) that vibrates a diaphragm (12) provided on a pressure chamber (21) formed in a substrate (11) toward the pressure chamber (21), a lower electrode (13), a piezoelectric member (14) and an upper electrode (15) sequentially stacked on the diaphragm (12) are provided, on a part of the piezoelectric member (14) above the side wall of the pressure chamber (21), an upper electrode drawing portion (15a) drawn out from the upper electrode (15) above the pressure chamber (21) is formed and under the upper electrode drawing portion (15a), the piezoelectric member (14) is separated by a gap portion (S) above a boundary surface between the side wall (21a) of the pressure chamber (21) and the pressure chamber (21) in the substrate (11).

Abstract: A fuel cell system (101) comprising a fuel cell (120) and a reaction container (103), wherein the fuel cell (120) comprises a fuel electrode (121), an air electrode (122) and an electrolyte film (123) and the reaction container (103) comprises a hydrogen storage material (106) and a heater (114) and can supply hydrogen to the fuel cell (120), and wherein a water flow path (109) for supplying water produced in the air electrode (122) to the reaction container (103) is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel cell system (101) having: a reaction container (103) that has a first heater (114); and a fuel cell (120) provided with a fuel electrode (121), an oxygen electrode (122), and an electrolyte membrane (123); wherein the reaction container (103) is attachable to/removable from the fuel cell (120).

Abstract: A fuel cell system (101) comprising a fuel cell (120) and a reaction container (103), wherein the fuel cell (120) comprises a fuel electrode (121), an air electrode (122) and an electrolyte film (123) and the reaction container (103) comprises a hydrogen storage material (106) and a heater (114) and can supply hydrogen to the fuel cell (120), and wherein a water flow path (109) for supplying water produced in the air electrode (122) to the reaction container (103) is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display apparatus comprising: a first liquid crystal display panel having a plurality of first scanning electrodes and a plurality of first signal electrodes; and a second display panel having a plurality of second scanning electrodes and a plurality of second signal electrodes, wherein the first display panel is stacked on the second display panel such that (i) terminals of the first scanning electrodes oppose to terminal of the second scanning electrodes, and (ii) terminals of the first scanning electrodes are electrically connected to terminals of the second scanning electrodes, respectively, so that the first and second scanning electrodes are connected to a common scanning drive circuit.

Abstract: In an image sensing device, a photodiode is connected to a drain of a MOS transistor. The drain is connected to a gate of the MOS transistor via a resistor. The MOS transistor operates in a subthreshold region to output a signal being logarithmically proportional to the intensity of incident light to the photodiode.

Abstract: An outdoor unit of an air conditioner includes a box-shaped casing. The interior of the casing is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber by a first partition wall which is arranged in parallel with the top and bottom walls of the casing. The lower chamber is divided into a heat exchanger chamber and a machine chamber by a second partition wall extending perpendicular to the bottom wall. A heat exchanger and a compressor are arranged in the heat exchanger chamber and machine chamber, respectively. Electric parts are arranged in the upper chamber and located above the heat exchanger chamber. A support rod is located in the heat exchanger chamber and fixed at one end to the first partition wall and at the other end to the bottom wall. A blower is attached to the support rod and faces the heat exchanger.