Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor switching element having a drift layer, a body region, a first impurity region, trench gate structures, a high impurity concentration layer, an interlayer insulation film, an upper electrode and a lower electrode. The body region is arranged on the drift layer. The first impurity region is arranged in a surface portion of the body region in the body region and has an impurity concentration higher than the drift layer. Each of the trench gate structures includes a trench. A shield electrode, an intermediate insulation film and a gate electrode layer are stacked through an insulation film in the trench. The high impurity concentration layer is arranged on a side opposite to the body region to sandwich the drift layer between the high impurity concentration layer and the body region. The interlayer insulation film is arranged on the trench gate structures.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, an interlayer insulation film, multiple wiring layers, a first hard film, and an electrical pad. The semiconductor substrate has a semiconductor element. The interlayer insulation film is disposed above the semiconductor substrate. The multiple wiring layers are disposed within the interlayer insulation film. The first hard film is disposed above the interlayer insulation film, and the first hard film is harder than the interlayer insulation film. The electrical pad is disposed above the first hard film, and the electrical pad is used for an external connection. The electrical pad includes a lower layer pad, the upper layer pad, and a second hard film.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, an interlayer insulation film, multiple wiring layers, a first hard film, and an electrical pad. The semiconductor substrate has a semiconductor element. The interlayer insulation film is disposed above the semiconductor substrate. The multiple wiring layers are disposed within the interlayer insulation film. The first hard film is disposed above the interlayer insulation film, and the first hard film is harder than the interlayer insulation film. The electrical pad is disposed above the first hard film, and the electrical pad is used for an external connection. The electrical pad includes a lower layer pad, the upper layer pad, and a second hard film.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image forming apparatus which registers jobs in an order of acceptance of the jobs and which carries out an image forming process and a post-processing for a recording medium according to a content of the registered jobs comprising a comparing unit to compare a time needed for a post-processing of a first job which is being executed with a time needed for an image forming process of a second job which is on stand-by and which is registered and a control unit to execute the image forming process of the second job which is on stand-by after an image forming process of the first job which is being executed is ended and while the post-processing of the first job is being executed according to a comparison result of the comparing unit.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device including an array substrate which is provided with contact holes and a counter substrate which is provided with integral spacers and aligned with the array substrate, an overall region including every pixel region is divided into a plurality of subregions, each of which includes two or more said spacers and is composed of at least one said pixel region. The spacers are so arranged that when one or some of the spacers are positioned to get into the corresponding contact holes, the rest of the spacers are positioned off the corresponding contact holes. By so doing, a uniform gap is provided between the substrates even if accuracy in aligning the substrates with each other is not considerably high.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image forming apparatus which registers jobs in an order of acceptance of the jobs and which carries out an image forming process and a post-processing for a recording medium according to a content of the registered jobs comprising a comparing unit to compare a time needed for a post-processing of a first job which is being executed with a time needed for an image forming process of a second job which is on stand-by and which is registered and a control unit to execute the image forming process of the second job which is on stand-by after an image forming process of the first job which is being executed is ended and while the post-processing of the first job is being executed according to a comparison result of the comparing unit.

Abstract: A printer body of a printer apparatus is provided with paired bearing portions such that the paired bearing portions face each other, while a paper support for supporting a paper sheet is provided with paired rotating shaft portions, which are rotatably journaled by the paired bearing portions. Each of the rotating shaft portions includes a shaft body and a shaft support portion for supporting the shaft body. The shaft support portion is provided at a flat plate portion of the paper support. A tab portion is formed at the shaft support portion. Each of the paired bearing portions includes a bearing body provided with an opening for receiving the shaft body. At the bearing body, an engaging portion is formed to receive the tab portion to restrict axial movement of the rotating shaft portions. As a result, it is possible to provide a printer apparatus having a paper support less likely to detach from the printer body.

Abstract: A transmission characteristic compensation system enables to reduce the generation of transmission deterioration by estimating an initially selected control direction, and also to compensate in advance with a setting value estimation so as to suppress the generation of transmission deterioration in advance. The transmission characteristic compensation control system includes a variable compensator having a control circuit; and an optimal setting value calculation portion for calculating an optimal setting value for the control circuit, wherein the optimal setting value calculation portion estimates future transmission deterioration on a predetermined time-by-time basis to set into the control circuit the optimal setting value for compensating the estimated transmission deterioration performed by the variable compensator.

Abstract: A printer body of a printer apparatus is provided with paired bearing portions such that the paired bearing portions face each other, while a paper support for supporting a paper sheet is provided with paired rotating shaft portions, which are rotatably journaled by the paired bearing portions. Each of the rotating shaft portions includes a shaft body and a shaft support portion for supporting the shaft body. The shaft support portion is provided at a flat plate portion of the paper support. A tab portion is formed at the shaft support portion. Each of the paired bearing portions includes a bearing body provided with an opening for receiving the shaft body. At the bearing body, an engaging portion is formed to receive the tab portion to restrict axial movement of the rotating shaft portions. As a result, it is possible to provide a printer apparatus having a paper support less likely to detach from the printer body.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus which forms an image on a recording material, which has: a writing section to write according to the image data; an oscillator to generate a synchronized synchronizing clock signal; a spreading clock generator to spread the band of a synchronized reference clock and generate spreading clock signals; and a plurality of control circuits to control the image forming apparatus and each section of the image forming apparatus including a writing control circuit to control the writing section. More than one control circuits in the control circuits other than the writing control circuit are driven by the spreading clock signals, and the writing control circuit is driven by the synchronizing clock signal.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device including an array substrate which is provided with contact holes and a counter substrate which is provided with integral spacers and aligned with the array substrate, an overall region including every pixel region is divided into a plurality of subregions, each of which includes two or more said spacers and is composed of at least one said pixel region. The spacers are so arranged that when one or some of the spacers are positioned to get into the corresponding contact holes, the rest of the spacers are positioned off the corresponding contact holes. By so doing, a uniform gap is provided between the substrates even if accuracy in aligning the substrates with each other is not considerably high.

Abstract: An image processing method includes the steps of: detecting an inclination of image data; storing the image data for one line into a first memory; changing a reading timing when the image data is read from the first memory, according to the detected inclination, whereby correcting a shift in a main scanning direction; storing the image data for not smaller than 2 lines into a second memory; and changing a line position in a sub-scanning direction when the image data is read from the second memory, according to the detected inclination, whereby correcting a shift in the sub-scanning direction.

Abstract: A transmission characteristic compensation system enables to reduce the generation of transmission deterioration by estimating an initially selected control direction, and also to compensate in advance with a setting value estimation so as to suppress the generation of transmission deterioration in advance. The transmission characteristic compensation control system includes a variable compensator having a control circuit; and an optimal setting value calculation portion for calculating an optimal setting value for the control circuit, wherein the optimal setting value calculation portion estimates future transmission deterioration on a predetermined time-by-time basis to set into the control circuit the optimal setting value for compensating the estimated transmission deterioration performed by the variable compensator.

Abstract: The pump is connected on its delivery side through an auxiliary passage to a primary passage connecting the master cylinder and brake cylinder to each other, and a pressure control valve is provided in a portion of the primary passage between the master cylinder and a point of connection thereof to the auxiliary passage. The pressure control valve releases working fluid from the pump to the master cylinder when delivery pressure of the pump is higher than the master cylinder pressure by more than a predetermined amount, and the pump is activated when the fluid pressure generated in the brake cylinder is required to be higher than the master cylinder pressure, during brake operation.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus which forms an image on a recording mateial, which has: a writing section to write according to the image data; an oscillator to generate a synchronized synchronizing clock signal; a spreading clock generator to spread the band of a synchronized reference clock and generate spreading clock signals; and a plurality of control circuits to control the image forming apparatus and each section of the image forming apparatus including a writing control circuit to control the writing section. More than one control circuits in the control circuits other than the writing control circuit are driven by the spreading clock signals, and the writing control cirucit is driven by the synchronizing clock signal.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, a laser diode for generating a plurality of light beams, and a rotating polygonal mirror for simultaneously scanning the image carrier in a primary scanning direction along respective lines which are parallel to each other in a secondary scanning direction. The image carrier is scanned once for each of a plurality of different colors to thereby form a color image on the image carrier. A photosensitive sensor is provided for detecting an amount of deviation of the plurality of light beams in the primary scanning direction with respect to a first color of the plurality of different colors, and deviations among the plurality of light beams in connection with scanning for each of the plurality of different colors are corrected according to the detected amount of deviation with respect to the first color of the plurality of different colors.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image input section for inputting a packed unit of image data corresponding to n pixels, where n is greater than or equal to 2. A clock generating section is provided for generating a first clock having a predetermined period, and a second clock having a predetermined synchronization relation to the first clock and a shorter period than the predetermined period of the first clock. A pixel dividing section is provided for expanding the inputted image data corresponding to n pixels into image data corresponding to one pixel. The pixel dividing section expands the image data corresponding to n pixels in synchronization with the first clock, and an image recording section records an image in a unit of one pixel in synchronization with the second clock in accordance with the expanded image data.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus for simultaneously recording plural image lines on a recording medium by scannintg simultaneously with plural light beams along parallel scanning lines in a primary scanning direction, before a deviation detector detects a deviation among the plural light beams in the primary scanning direction, a beam power controller adjusts the electric power for each light beam generator so that the beam diameter of each light beam is made equal to each other.

Abstract: An image forming machine in which an image is formed on a recording material by an imagewise exposure to a light source that is modulated in accordance with to an image signal. The machine includes a device for generating a reference wave with a predetermined frequency, a generator for generating a pulse width modulating signal to modulate the light source in accordance with the image signal and the reference wave. A ratio of the frequency of the image signal to the predetermined frequency of the reference wave is set based on a relationship 1:(1+n/m) where n and m are positive integers and n is less than m.

Abstract: In a color toner image forming apparatus equipped with a scanning device to scan a photoreceptor with a light beam which is modulated on the basis of image density represented by image signals so that a latent image is formed on the photoreceptor; there is provided a control device to control the color toner image forming apparatus so that plural color toner images are superimposed on the photorecetor. The control device includes a start position control circuit to control a scanning start position of the scanning device so that the scanning start position is shifted for each of the plural color component images.