Abstract: A toroidal-type continuously variable transmission includes first and second disks, a trunnion and a power roller. The first and second disks are coaxially and rotatably supported in a state that inner surfaces thereof are opposed to each other. The trunnion swings around a pivot shaft which is disposed at a torsional position with respect to a center shaft of the first and second disks. The power roller is sandwiched between the first and second disks in a state being rotatably supported at inner surface of the trunnion. The power roller has a first shaft portion which is protrusively provided at a center portion of an outer surface thereof in a coaxial manner with the power roller, and the power roller is rotatably supported by the first shaft portion.

Abstract: A trunnion of a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission has a support plate portion for supporting a displacement shaft and a pair of bent wall portions respectively bent toward the inner surface side of the support plate portion. The support plate portion and the pair of bent wall portions cooperates together in defining a pocket portion for storing a power roller therein. Pivot shafts are disposed concentrically with each other on the outer surfaces of the pair of bent wall portions. The pair of bent wall portions are connected together by a connecting member. The connecting member includes a pressure receive portion contactable with the inner surface of the pocket portion in a direction intersecting substantially at right angles to the thrust direction and receiving a pressing force acting on the pocket portion to crush the pocket portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a key switch including a switch provided on a base, a key top for operating the switch, a link mechanism supported on the base and supporting the key top on its upper side, a shape of the link mechanism being changed when the key top is depressed, a movable plate provided on the base such that the movable plate is moved when the key top is depressed so as to change the shape of the link mechanism to the flat shape and an auxiliary link mechanism. The auxiliary linking mechanism is provided with a first side part supported by the base and a second side part supporting the key top.

Abstract: A double-cavity toroidal-type continuously variable transmission includes a case, a drive shaft and a toroidal transmission mechanism portion. The toroidal transmission mechanism portion includes a gear housing for supporting an output gear, and a yoke for supporting a pivot shaft of a trunnion in an oscillatable manner. The support post for supporting the yoke and a fixing member for fixing the gear housing and the support post to the case are connected together or are formed as an integral body.

Abstract: In the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, the radial clearance of a second radial needle roller bearing 30 for supporting the power roller 8 on the periphery of the pivot shaft portion 26 of the displacement shaft 7 is set larger than the radial clearance of a first radial needle roller bearing 27 for supporting a support shaft portion 25 on a trunnion 6. By increasing the radial clearance of the second radial needle roller bearing 30 in this manner, an increase in the surface pressures in the contact portions between the rolling surfaces of needle rollers 32, 32 and the inner peripheral surface of the power roller 8 and the outer peripheral surface of the pivot shaft portion 26 can be restricted, thereby enhancing the durability of the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission. Also, by reducing the radial clearance of the first radial needle roller bearing 27, the inclination of the displacement shaft 7 is minimized, thereby stabilizing the rotation speed change operation thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission which comprises: a casing; input and output disks respectively including inner surfaces, disposed concentrically with each other inside the casing, and supported so as to rotated independently of each other; a plurality of trunnions each including even-numbered pivot shafts existing at right angles to a central-axis direction of the disks and disposed concentrically with to in parallel to each other, and being swingable about the pivot shafts; a plurality of shift shafts respectively projected out from the trunnions; a plurality of power rollers held by and between respective inner surfaces of the disks so as to be rotatably supported on the shift shafts; and a support member fixed directly to the casing and supporting the pivot shafts so as to be shifted in an axial and an inclined rotation direction thereof.

Abstract: A system for recycling reusable resin mold products recovered from discarded apparatuses is disclosed. This recycling system includes a crushing system for crushing resin mold products one kind by one kind into crushed resinous pieces and packing the same in a bag, a classification system for irradiating a light beam to the resin in the bag and classifying the bags into respective kinds of resins based on a reflected beam therefrom, a cleaning system for separately cleaning the respective kind of crushed resinous pieces taken out of the bag to remove foreign matters adhered onto the surfaces of the crushed resinous pieces therefrom, and a recovery system for recovering the cleaned crushed resinous pieces.

Abstract: A toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, includes: an input shaft; a pair of mutually opposed input and output disks disposed side-by-side in an axial direction of the input shaft; a pressing mechanism pressing said input disk toward said output disk; a hollow shaft disposed around an outer periphery of the input shaft concentrically with the input shaft, and connecting the pair of input disks to each other; an oil hole formed in a no-penetrating portion of the input shaft where the input shaft does not penetrate through the hollow shaft, and opened on an outer peripheral surface of the no-penetrating portion; and, an oil passage formed between an inner peripheral surface of the hollow shaft and an outer peripheral surface of a penetrating portion of the input shaft where the input shaft penetrates through the hollow shaft.

Abstract: A plural cavity toroidal transmission is designed to permit transmission of great torque between output side disks and a sleeve while maintaining a thickness of the sleeve. To this end, convex portions are formed on outer surfaces of the output side disks and concave portions are formed on edge portions of both axial ends of the sleeve. By fitting the convex portions into the concave portions, synchronous rotations of the pair of output side disks and transmission of rotation from the output side disks to an output gear can be achieved.

Abstract: A toroidal-type continuously variable transmission includes first and second disks, a trunnion and a power roller. The first and second disks are coaxially and rotatably supported in a state that inner surfaces thereof are opposed to each other. The trunnion swings around a pivot shaft which is disposed at a torsional position with respect to a center shaft of the first and second disks. The power roller is sandwiched between the first and second disks in a state being rotatably supported at inner surface of the trunnion. The power roller has a first shaft portion which is protrusively provided at a center portion of an outer surface thereof in a coaxial manner with the power roller, and the power roller is rotatably supported by the first shaft portion.

Abstract: In a state where an input shaft 15a, an input side disk 2A and a loading cam device 9 are assembled together, thrust to be generated by the loading cam device 9 is measured. In case where this thrust is within a specified range, the other component parts of a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission are combined with the above assembled parts to thereby produce the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission. Accordingly it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission which is excellent in efficiency and durability.

Abstract: The hardness of the outer peripheral surface of a small-diameter portion 47 and one side surface of a collar portion 52, which respectively rub against a belleville spring 39a, is set at HRc45 or higher, thereby enhancing the wear resistance of these surfaces. On the other hand, the hardness of a fastening tubular portion 51 is set at HRc3O or lower, thereby making it difficult for the fastening tubular portion 51 to be damaged or cracked when it is fastened.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission unit, which combines a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission of the double-cavity type and an epicyclic train, comprises a low-speed clutch and a high-speed clutch. In a low-speed drive mode, the low-speed clutch is connected to allow all torque to be transmitted to an output shaft through the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission. In a high-speed drive mode, the high-speed clutch is connected to allow most of torque to be transmitted to the output shaft through an epicyclic train and some of the torque to be applied to output discs of the toroidal-type transmission. The combination of the transmission and the epicyclic train serve to improve the transfer efficiency and durability of the continuously variable transmission unit.

Abstract: The toroidal type continuously variable transmission includes: first and second disks concentrically disposed on each other and supported such that they can be rotated freely; a pair of trunnions; a pair of displacement shafts respectively including support shaft portions and pivot shaft portions; a plurality of power rollers interposed between and held by the first and second disks; a plurality of thrust ball bearings respectively for supporting their associated power rollers; and, a plurality of thrust needle bearings respectively interposed between the outer surfaces of outer rings respectively forming the thrust ball bearings and the inner surfaces of the trunnions. A retainer for retaining the thrust needle roller in a freely rollable manner is formed of a single plate, and is carbonitrided, while the surface hardness Hv of the retainer is set higher than or equal to 550.

Abstract: A hydraulic drive system is provided with a signal guide system for guiding a delivery pressure of a pump as a command pressure via a line and a port, another signal guide system for guiding a pilot pressure of a pilot pump as another command pressure via a line and a port, a tilting control unit for controlling the displacement of the pump by the command pressures guided to the ports, a controller having a command current-setting unit for setting a relationship between a target engine speed and a command current, a target engine speed-indicating unit for an engine, and a solenoid-operated proportional valve for allowing the pilot pressure of the line to pass as is while no drive signal is outputted from the controller but for being reduced in opening to change the pilot pressure to a smaller value when a drive signal is outputted from the controller.

Abstract: This invention realizes a compact and light-weight structure having excellent durability and transmission efficiency. A toroidal type continuously variable transmission is provided around an input shaft concentric with a driving shaft, and a planetary gear mechanism is provided around an output shaft. This output shaft is disposed obliquely above the input shaft. By such disposition, the effective utilization of space is achieved, and compactness and lighter weight are realized.

Abstract: A control system wherein a reverse characteristic having a reverse input/output relationship to a target input/output characteristic of a control object, is preset, and a target value for an output of the control object is calculated. A command signal corresponding to the target value then is determined based on the preset reverse characteristic, and the command signal is output to the control object. The control system includes first means for calculating a command signal corresponding to a given target value for the output of the control object based on the preset reverse characteristic, outputting the command signal to the control object, measuring an output of the control object and estimating a deviation between an actual input/output characteristic of the control object and the target input/output characteristic therefor, and storing data on the deviation between the input/output characteristics as learning correction data.

Abstract: Improved input and output discs for toroidal type continuously variable transmissions are obtained by select processing techniques to form hardened layers. Processing techniques include, e.g., carburizing, carbonitriding, and high-frequency induction hardening. Shot peening may be used to impart compressive residual surface stress to predetermined disc portions to enhance resistance to cracking.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission of the half-toroidal type, comprising an input shaft connected to a drive source, an input disc supported on the input shaft, an output disc supported on the input shaft and opposed to the input disc, and a power roller provided between the input and output discs for rocking motion and in rolling contact with the discs. In this transmission, the discs are shaped so that (R.multidot.d)/(D.multidot.t) is given by 0.5<(R.multidot.d)/(D.multidot.t)<1.5, where R is the radius of curvature of each traction surface, D is the distance between the centers of curvature, d is the inside diameter of each disc, and t is the thickness of each disc.

Abstract: A regulator (20) comprises a servo piston 21 and a tilting control valve (22) which is made up of a spool (22a), a spring (22b), a control piston (22d) and a first pressure bearing chamber (22e). With these components, the regulator (20) controls a pump tilting such that a pump delivery rate is reduced as delivery pump pressure rises. The tilting control valve (22) also includes a second pressure bearing chamber (22f). When a gate-lock lever (31) is operated to switch over a lock valve (30), a flow control valve (6) is disabled from operating not to move even if a control lever (11a) is erroneously touched, and the machine is surely kept from coming into operation. At the same time, pilot primary pressure from a pilot pump (3) is introduced to the second pressure bearing chamber (22f) of the tilting control valve (22), causing the pump tilting to reduce down to a minimum tilting (q.sub.min).