Abstract: A NOx reduction catalyst and an ammonia slip oxidation catalyst are disposed in an exhaust system in this order, and also, an electric fan is disposed on piping which communicates an upper space of a storage tank storing therein a reducing agent with the exhaust upstream of the NOx reduction catalyst. Then, when the temperature of the ammonia slip oxidation catalyst reaches or exceeds the temperature for activating a catalyst thereof, the electric fan is operated for a predetermined period of time, so that the gas (ammonia series gas) in the upper space of the storage tank is forcibly discharged to the upstream side of the NOx reduction catalyst. Further, a discharge-forcing device, such as an electric fan or the like, forcibly discharging the gas in the upper space of the storage tank, an adsorbing device temporarily adsorbing thereto the forcibly discharged gas and an oxidation catalyst oxidizing the gas desorbed from the adsorbing device, may be disposed to the storage tank in this order.

Abstract: The active server A101 notifies its own operating status to the administration server 106, and the administration server 106 acquires a snapshot and copies a disk according to the policy established by a user. When the active server A101 or the active disk 113 fails, the administration server 106 chooses a backup server A104 and a status storage disk A114 to be booted and restarts them by using the snapshot according to the policy.

Abstract: When a failure is detected in a server currently being used, a management server changes the network topology for the server currently being used and another server which substitutes the server. Then, the management server instructs the network SW with the changed network topology so as to cause the network SW to set the network topology logically. In addition, the management server instructs a disk array unit to control accesses from the other server to the disk in accordance with the server where the failure is detected.

Abstract: Respective WWNs (World Wide Names) which can be allocated to a plurality of computers, business application identity information of programs to be booted and area identity information, of areas in a storage system in which the programs are stored, are associated and stored. In response to the entry of a boot request including the business application identity information of a designated computer to be booted, the WWN and the area identity information corresponding to the business application identity information are sent to the computer in order to boot the program. In the computer, the sent WWN is set and the area identity information is set as the area to be booted. Subsequently, by means of a restart of the computer, the program stored in the area is booted to operate.

Abstract: In order to suppress deposition of constituent of a reducing agent (dissolved matter) in an exhaust passage of an engine enhancing an elimination rate of NOx even when temperature of an exhaust emission from the engine is low, an exhaust emission purifying apparatus is provided with an electro-generative-heat carrier provided on an upstream side of an injection nozzle that supplies the reducing agent into the exhaust emission on upstream side of a reduction catalyst in an exhaust pipe, the exhaust emission being heated to a temperature equal to or higher than a melting point of the dissolved matter whereby deposition of the dissolved matter on an inner wall surface of the exhaust pipe is suppressed to effectively use the supplied reducing agent for catalytic reduction reaction, even when the exhaust emission temperature is lower than the melting point of the dissolved matter of the reducing agent.

Abstract: In investigating the cause of a fault in a computer storage system, it is considered useful to previously prepare maintenance logical units (LUs) of a simple structure, the operation of which has been confirmed. If the same number of LUs as servers are prepared for each server as in the prior art, the efficiency is low. Furthermore, securing these LUs complicates assignment of the LUs for construction of a system and a work for addressing the fault. The present invention provides a computer system free of these problems. The computer system has a first computer for executing a first OS (operating system), a second computer for executing a second OS, and a storage array system. The storage array system uses a disk device having a logical unit (LU) for storing a boot loader, as well as the first and second OSes. The boot loader is executed on any one of the two computers, reads in any of the OSes corresponding to the currently operating computer into this operating computer, and executes the read OS.

Abstract: An optical scanning lens is for use in an optical scanning device in which a light beam forming a line image elongated in a direction corresponding to a main-scanning direction is deflected at a constant angular velocity by a deflector having a reflecting surface in a vicinity of a position of the line image, and in which a deflected beam is focused by the optical scanning lens to form a beam spot on a surface to be scanned so that a constant velocity optical scanning of the surface to be scanned is effected, the optical scanning lens having a single-lens construction and being constructed such that at least one of lens surfaces has an asymmetrical configuration with respect to an optical axis within a plane of deflection, the asymmetrical configuration with respect to the optical axis being designed so that a field curvature is properly corrected and a proper constant-velocity characteristic is obtained over an entire effective optical scanning area, and the plane of deflection being defined as a plane inclu

Abstract: An optical scanning device of the present invention includes a simple scanning lens. At least one of opposite surfaces of the lens has a nonarcuate shape, as seen in a polarization plane. At least one of the opposite surfaces is a special toric surface. Further, in a plane perpendicular to the polarization plane, the lens has a meniscus shape concave toward a polarizer. With this configuration, the lens achieves a desirable uniform velocity scanning capability and a desirable field curvature in the main scanning direction. The lens is therefore free from errors in configuration ascribable to molding while reducing the limitation on the tolerance of optical elements in the optical axis direction as to assembly.

Abstract: An image forming system utilizing a light emitting diode (LED array) having LEDs arranged along a curved line. The LEDs are either edge emitting type LEDs or surface emitting type LEDs. The LEDs of the LED array emit light towards a center or optical axis of the lens. A plurality of lenses are connected together to form a lens array. Alternatively, two lens arrays can be utilized. If two lens arrays are utilized, each of the lenses in the lens array includes an aspherical surface. The curved LED array prevents the flaring of light and produces an even pattern of light emission on a light receiving surface such as a photoconductive drum.

Abstract: An optical scanning device of the present invention includes a simple scanning lens. At least one of opposite surfaces of the lens has a nonarcuate shape, as seen in a polarization plane. At least one of the opposite surfaces is a special toric surface. Further, in a plane perpendicular to the polarization plane, the lens has a meniscus shape concave toward a polarizer. With this configuration, the lens achieves a desirable uniform velocity scanning capability and a desirable field curvature in the main scanning direction. The lens is therefore free from errors in configuration ascribable to molding while reducing the limitation on the tolerance of optical elements in the optical axis direction as to assembly.

Abstract: An optical scanning lens is for use in an optical scanning device in which a light beam forming a line image elongated in a direction corresponding to a main-scanning direction is deflected at a constant angular velocity by a deflector having a reflecting surface in a vicinity of a position of the line image, and in which a deflected beam is focused by the optical scanning lens to form a beam spot on a surface to be scanned so that a constant velocity optical scanning of the surface to be scanned is effected, the optical scanning lens having a single-lens construction and being constructed such that at least one of lens surfaces has an asymmetrical configuration with respect to an optical axis within a plane of deflection, the asymmetrical configuration with respect to the optical axis being designed so that a field curvature is properly corrected and a proper constant-velocity characteristic is obtained over an entire effective optical scanning area, and the plane of deflection being defined as a plane inclu

Abstract: An optical scanning device of the present invention includes a simple scanning lens. At least one of opposite surfaces of the lens has a nonarcuate shape, as seen in a polarization plane. At least one of the opposite surfaces is a special toric surface. Further, in a plane perpendicular to the polarization plane, the lens has a meniscus shape concave toward a polarizer. With this configuration, the lens achieves a desirable uniform velocity scanning capability and a desirable field curvature in the main scanning direction. The lens is therefore free from errors in configuration ascribable to molding while reducing the limitation on the tolerance of optical elements in the optical axis direction as to assembly.

Abstract: An image forming system utilizing a light emitting diode (LED array) having LEDs arranged along a curved line. The LEDs are either edge emitting type LEDs or surface emitting type LEDs. The LEDs of the LED array emit light towards a center or optical axis of the lens. A plurality of lenses are connected together to form a lens array. Alternatively, two lens arrays can be utilized. If two lens arrays are utilized, each of the lenses in the lens array includes an aspherical surface. The curved LED array prevents the flaring of light and produces an even pattern of light emission on a light receiving surface such as a photoconductive drum.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a single scanning lens. At least one of opposite surfaces of the lens has a nonarcuate shape, as seen in a polarization plane. At least one of the opposite surfaces is a special toric surface. Further, in a plane perpendicular to the deflection plane, the lens has a meniscus shape and has the concave surface facing toward a deflector. With this configuration, the lens achieves a desirable uniform velocity scanning capability and a desirable field curvature in the main scanning direction. The lens is therefore free from errors in configuration ascribable to molding while reducing the limitation on the tolerance of optical elements in the optical axis direction as to assembly.

Abstract: An image forming system utilizing a light emitting diode (LED array) having LEDs arranged along a curved line. The LEDs are either edge emitting type LEDs or surface emitting type LEDs. The LEDs of the LED array emit light towards a center or optical axis of the lens. A plurality of lenses are connected together to form a lens array. Alternatively, two lens arrays can be utilized. If two lens arrays are utilized, each of the lenses in the lens array includes an aspherical surface. The curved LED array prevents the flaring of light and produces an even pattern of light emission on a light receiving surface such as a photoconductive drum.

Abstract: A heat-sensitive stencil sheet is disclosed, which comprises a porous sheet having on one side thereof at least an adhesive layer and a thermoplastic resin film layer in this order, wherein at least one of the layers constituting said stencil sheet contains a heat-sensitive color-forming material. The layer containing the heat-sensitive color-forming material develops a color on thermal perforation to visualize the perforated image so that a printing ink, particularly plural inks of different color, can be easily applied to the stencil sheet in proper positions in proper quantities.

Abstract: The collectors of differential pair transistors having their emitters connected to each other are connected to a positive power source voltage via respective load resistors. The emitters are connected to a negative power source voltage via a current source transistor.The base bias voltage of the current source transistor is supplied from a bias circuit operating on the difference voltage between the positive power source voltage and the negative power source voltage.When the positive power source voltage drops, the base bias voltage of the current source transistor drops in response thereto. Hence, the value of a current flowing through the current source transistor decreases. Due to this decrease of the current, the voltage drop of the load resistors decreases, thereby off-setting a low level potential of the collector output signals of the differential pair transistors.Thus, the differential pair transistors are prevented from being driven into saturation.

Abstract: A level conversion circuit for converting a signal of a polarity to a signal of the opposite polarity has differential pair transistors, push-pull type output transistors adapted to receive the differential outputs of opposite phases from the differential pair transistors, a plurality of protective transistors for protecting the output transistors and a capacitance separation element connected between the common collector outputs of the plurality of protective transistors and the output of one of the differential pair transistors. The protective transistor prevents both of the differential outputs from simultaneously taking high level due to various operating conditions of the conversion circuit. Therefore, the deterioration or breakdown of the output transistors caused by the through current is avoided. The capacitance separation element also contributes to prevent the reduction of operation speed of the differential transistors caused by the collector capacitances of the plurality of protective transistors.

Abstract: A memory circuit includes memory cells and access circuit for accessing to desired memory cells. The access circuit is driven by a driver which includes an emitter coupled logic for providing a switch-on signal of a low level in response to an input signal. A switch circuit in the driver provides the access circuit with a drive signal of a low level in response to the switch on signal. The driver further includes a control circuit for clamping the output of the emitter coupled logic to a non-drive signal of a high level when supply voltages does not satisfy predetermined conditions.