Abstract: An end face polishing apparatus comprises a polishing board and a jig board for supporting workpieces. A polishing member is detachably arranged on the polishing board and has a polishing film for polishing end faces of the workpieces while the workpieces are supported by the jig board. A first holding device holdings unused polishing members each having a new polishing film preliminarily attached thereto. At least one second holding device holds used polishing members which have been removed from the polishing board. A polishing member exchanging device is mounted for linear movement in horizontal and vertical directions for exchanging a used polishing member arranged on the polishing board with an unused polishing member by seizing the used polishing member from the polishing board and conveying the used polishing member to the second holding device, and by taking an unused polishing member from the first holding device and placing the unused polishing member on the polishing board.

Abstract: An end face polishing apparatus comprises a jig plate for supporting a workpiece, a polishing member for polishing an end face of the workpiece, and a movable lever connected to the jig plate. A pressurizing section presses the lever to bring the end face of the workpiece into pressure contact with the polishing member. The pressurizing section has a first spring member for biasing the lever in a first direction, a pressurizing head for biasing the lever in a second direction opposite to the first direction, a second spring member for biasing the pressurizing head in the second direction, and a pressure sensor disposed between the pressurizing head and the lever for detecting a pressure applied by the end face of the ferrule onto the polishing member when the lever is pressed by the pressurizing section. A pressurization control section controls the pressure applied by the end face of the workpiece onto the polishing member when the lever is pressed by the pressurizing section.

Abstract: Universal optical fiber connectors and their basic plugs, wherein the optical fiber connectors have some common elements for their connector-functions to permit an installation of optical fiber into one of the different type connectors for establishing their connection more easily and to facilitate a tuning operation with positioning key maintaning the same direction between eccentricity of the fiber core and the key. The basic plug has a ferrule, a spring element, and a cylindrical tube. The spring element is positioned between a ferrule and a cylindrical tube, so that it exerts forces toward them in an axial direction. The ferrule has a common dimensional structure for securing an optical fiber and has a shape enabling the connection to any one of various kinds of housing members. Thus, the basic plug connects separate optical fibers together through the housing member.

Abstract: A universal optical fiber connector comprises a ferrule for supporting an optical fiber and having an axis extending in an axial direction of the ferrule, a biasing member comprised of a synthetic elastic material for biasing the ferrule in the axial direction, and a securing member for securing the biasing member between the securing member and the ferrule. A connecting member is adapted to receive the ferrule for connection to another ferrule through the connecting member.

Abstract: Universal optical fiber connectors and their basic plugs, wherein the optical fiber connectors have some common elements for their connector-functions to permit an installation of optical fiber into one of the different type connectors for establishing their connection more easily and to facilitate a tuning operation with positioning key maintaining the same direction between eccentricity of the fiber core and the key. The basic plug has a ferrule, a spring element, and a cylindrical tube. The spring element is positioned between a ferrule and a cylindrical tube, so that it exerts forces toward them in an axial direction. The ferrule has a common dimensional structure for securing an optical fiber and has a shape enabling the connection to any one of various kinds of housing members. Thus, the basic plug connects separate optical fibers together through the housing member.

Abstract: In a method of grinding a ferrule, a ferrule is provided having a leading end portion having a surface disposed generally perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the ferrule. A grinding device is provided having a rotational base, an elastic member disposed on the base for rotation therewith, and a grinding sheet disposed on the elastic member for rotation therewith. The surface of the leading end portion of the ferrule is brought into contact with a grinding surface of the grinding sheet. The base of the grinding device is then rotated until the surface of the leading end portion of the ferrule is ground into a spherical surface. The spherical surface of the leading end portion of the ferrule is then brought into contact with the grinding surface of the grinding sheet so that the longitudinal axis of the ferrule is inclined relative to the grinding surface.

Abstract: A method of polishing the end face of a ferrule on an optical connector comprises providing a polishing sheet containing abrasive grains and providing a polishing fluid containing abrasive grains having a hardness greater than that of the abrasive grains of the polishing sheet. The end face of the ferrule including an optical fiber is pressed against a surface of the polishing sheet while effecting relative movement between the ferrule and the polishing sheet and while supplying the polishing fluid onto the surface of the polishing sheet.

Abstract: An end-face polishing and cleaning apparatus comprises at least one jig plate for supporting ferrules each fixed to an end of a respective optical fiber. At least one set of a polishing machine and a cleaning machine is provided for polishing and cleaning the end-faces of the ferrules while the ferrules are supported by the jig plate. A movable mounting device supports the jig plate and moves the jig plate between the polishing machine and the cleaning machine to polish and clean the end-faces of the ferrules. The movable mounting device has a holding member for supporting the jig plate, an elevation shaft for moving the holding member in a vertical direction, and a moving device for moving the holding member in a horizontal direction.

Abstract: A display apparatus has code conversion assembly for converting a video signal into a coded signal comprised of a plurality of bits, each indicating a combination of luminescence and non-luminescence in the plurality of sub-fields. The plurality of sub-fields includes at least one sub-field having a relative ratio of luminescent time which deviates from a power series of 2. The plurality of sub-fields having a high relative ratio of luminescent time are arranged in a time sequence in a descending or ascending order. The relative ratio of luminescent time includes at least the highest, the second highest and the third highest relative ratios of luminescent time.

Abstract: A polishing apparatus comprises a holder having rod-shaped members each having an end portion to be polished. The rod-shaped members are positioned on the holder so that respective distances between the rod-shaped members and a center of the holder are different from one another. When relative motion is effected between the holder and the polishing member while maintaining distances between a center of the polishing member and the respective rod-shaped members different from one another and while pressing the respective end portions of the rod-shaped members against the polishing member, the respective end portions of the rod-shaped members are polished.

Abstract: A ferrule for optical connectors which is of funnel type comprising a ferrule body, containing a small-diameter hole and a large-diameter hole having a larger diameter than the small-diameter hole, the small-diameter hole and the large-diameter hole being formed so as to allow an optical fiber to pass therethrough and communicate with each other, the ferrule further comprising a buffering hole having a diameter which is larger than that of the small-diameter hole but smaller than that of the large-diameter hole, the buffering hole being formed between the small-diameter hole and the large-diameter hole and containing groove of concave and convex pattern on the internal surface of the buffering hole. The ferrule body further contains three lines of protrusions extending along the axial thereof, which are formed on the internal surface of the large-diameter hole.

Abstract: An imaging system that images a raster-scanned display receives the vertical synchronizing signal of the raster-scanned display, and has a synchronizing signal generator for generating the vertical synchronizing signal of the imaging system. According to a first aspect of the invention, the output of the imaging system is multiplied by a compensation signal that compensates for brightness differences due to a difference in frequency between the two vertical synchronizing signals. According to a second aspect of the invention, the vertical synchronizing signal of the imaging system is delayed from the vertical synchronizing signal of the raster-scanned display by an amount calculated so that no such brightness difference occurs in the part of the raster-scanned display viewed by the imaging system.

Abstract: An adjustment reference point is defined as a point on a screen on which a corresponding adjustment point of an image is projected when the image projected by a CRT system video projector is assumed to have no raster distortion. An image correction apparatus of this invention produces a raster distortion correction data on the basis of a difference between the adjustment reference point and the corresponding adjustment point obtained from a video signal. The video signal is obtained by picking up an predetermined image including an adjustment reference point projected on the screen by using a camera device.

Abstract: To provide an automatic image adjustment device that can automatically detect the display positions, display state, and the like of a test pattern displayed on a screen, the imaging angles of the mirror to image an adjustment pattern displayed at the positions corresponding to the vertices of a relatively small rectangle on a screen are first detected. According to the detected imaging angles, the CPU calculates the imaging angles for imaging the adjustment points at the four corners of the screen. Then, on the basis of the imaging angles for the adjustment points at the four corners, the imaging angles for the remaining adjustment points are calculated. Afterwards, the test pattern, such as the one used for convergence adjustment, can be displayed successively at the adjustment points, and the test pattern at each of the adjustment pattern can be imaged by the camera with the mirror being automatically set at the corresponding imaging angle.

Abstract: In an on screen display apparatus and an on-screen display method, the number of scanning lines of an input signal is detected. In accordance with the result of the detection, a vertical dot number of a character to be displayed is determined and font data is read from a memory device after adjusting a dot number of a blank portion of the font data. Hence, even if the number of the scanning lines changes, the number and positions of characters displayed in one screen remain constant.

Abstract: A method for producing a tapered waveguide layer is disclosed. The method includes the steps of: forming a resist pattern on a substrate; setting the substrate in an apparatus for forming a film such that particles constituting the film reach the substrate from a direction which is oblique relative to the substrate; forming the film on a region of a surface of the substrate which is not covered by the resist pattern, the film having a thickness distribution corresponding to a shadow which the resist pattern creates on the substrate in accordance with an angle between the substrate and the direction; and removing the resist pattern, thereby forming the tapered waveguide layer consisting of the film on the substrate.

Abstract: A device for digital convergence correction of raster distortion correction of a picture displayed on a screen of a display device using a cathode-ray tube, in which scanning lines include a first class of scanning lines, called correction scanning lines, on which correction points are positioned, and a second class of scanning lines, called interpolated scanning lines between the correction scanning lines. The correction points are positioned at intersections of the correction scanning lines and vertical lines. The correction data for the interpolated scanning lines are produced by vertical interpolation from the correction data of a certain number of vertically aligned correction points. Convergence adjustment, however, may be conducted for only part of the correction points, and the correction data of the remaining correction points may be obtained by interpolation.

Abstract: An optical information reproducing device includes a light source for generating a light beam, an optical system for converging the light beam generated by the light source on a magneto-optical recording medium on which recording information is recorded and for converging a return light beam reflected from the magneto-optical recording medium, beam splitting means for splitting the return light beam into split light beams, first detecting means for receiving one of the split light beams to detect the intensity of the one of the split light beams, servo signal generating means for generating a tracking error signal and a focusing error signal based on the output of the first detecting means, an optical waveguide disposed between the beam splitting means and the first detecting means, the optical waveguide crossing an optical axis of the one of the split light beams, an optical coupler disposed on the optical waveguide for separating part of the one of the split light beams from the one of the split beams to fo

Abstract: An optical integrated circuit is disclosed. The optical integrated circuit includes: a dielectric waveguide having at least a waveguide layer for transmitting light in a first direction; a first reflector for reflecting the light in a substantially opposite direction to the first direction, the first reflector being formed on an end face of the waveguide layer; a grating coupler having a grating for diffracting at least a part of the light in a second direction which is different from the first direction, the grating coupler being formed at a surface of the waveguide layer; and a light detector for detecting the diffracted light, the light detector being optically connected with the dielectric waveguide.

Abstract: An optical device includes: a first dielectric slab waveguide having an effective refractive index N.sub.1 ; a second dielectric slab waveguide having an effective refractive index N.sub.2 ; and a third dielectric slab waveguide having a length 1 and an effective refractive index N.sub.3, the third dielectric slab waveguide being formed between the first dielectric slab waveguide and the second dielectric slab waveguide so as to connect the first dielectric slab waveguide with the second dielectric slab waveguides optically; wherein the length I and the effective refractive index N.sub.3 substantially satisfy following equations; ##EQU1## where .lambda. is a free-space wavelength of light traveling in the optical device and the light travels from the first dielectric slab waveguide to the third dielectric slab waveguide at an incident angle .THETA. in a single mode.