Abstract: A surgical simulator and a simulation method are disclosed. The surgical simulator includes a blood vessel model. The blood vessel model includes an aorta model simulating a case of replacing a part of the thoracic aorta of a human body with an artificial blood vessel. The aorta model includes a simulated vessel and an artificial blood vessel, or a medical device, connected to the simulated vessel.

Abstract: A procedure simulator is provided, which includes a first storage tank configured to store a liquid imitating blood; a tissue model including a plurality of bifurcated flow paths being bifurcated downstream via a plurality of bifurcated portions; a pump configured to supply the liquid to the tissue model; a second storage tank configured to store the liquid to be flowed out from the plurality of bifurcated flow paths; a plurality of pipes configured to connect an outlet of a bifurcated flow path to the second storage tank; a plurality of switching valves configured to selectively causing the bifurcated flow path to communicate with a drain flow path from which the liquid is discharged below the tissue model; and a filter member between the switching valve and the outlet of the bifurcated flow path of the plurality of bifurcated flow paths.

Abstract: A technique simulator for training in a technique using a catheter includes: a flow path configured to contain a liquid that imitates blood; a liquid flow generation member configured to generate flow of the liquid; and a catheter insertion port configured to allow the catheter to be interposed into the flow path. The flow path includes: a bifurcated portion that is located downstream of the catheter insertion port and is to be bifurcated into at least two flow paths, and a plurality of bifurcated flow paths provided downstream of the bifurcated portion. The plurality of bifurcated flow paths includes a first bifurcated flow path and a second bifurcated flow path. The technique simulator further comprises a pressure difference generation member configured to cause a pressure difference to be generated between a downstream side of the first bifurcated flow path and a downstream side of the second bifurcated flow path.

Abstract: A technique simulator for training in a technique using a catheter includes: a flow path configured to contain a liquid that imitates blood; a liquid flow generation member configured to generate flow of the liquid; and a catheter insertion port configured to allow the catheter to be interposed into the flow path. The flow path includes: a bifurcated portion that is located downstream of the catheter insertion port and is to be bifurcated into at least two flow paths, and a plurality of bifurcated flow paths provided downstream of the bifurcated portion. The plurality of bifurcated flow paths includes a first bifurcated flow path and a second bifurcated flow path. The technique simulator further comprises a pressure difference generation member configured to cause a pressure difference to be generated between a downstream side of the first bifurcated flow path and a downstream side of the second bifurcated flow path.

Abstract: A technique simulator for training a user to introduce a medical device into a radial artery of a human body. The technique simulator includes an arm model possessing an appearance that imitates portions of a human arm including at least a wrist and a simulated human subcutaneous region arranged in a storage groove formed in the wrist of the arm model. The technique simulator also includes a simulated human radial styloid process arranged in a bone arranging hole formed in the simulated human subcutaneous region and a simulated human skin that covers a simulated human blood vessel. The simulated human blood vessel is configured to be inserted in the simulated human subcutaneous region and the simulated human radial styloid process.

Abstract: A procedure simulator that includes an animal heart to which a first balloon is inserted into a left ventricle of the heart and to which a second balloon is inserted into a right ventricle of the heart. A pump system makes the first balloon and the second balloon expand and contract via an operating fluid (L). A blood supply unit then directly supplies blood to three coronary arteries of the heart while the balloons are expanding and/or contracting.

Abstract: A technique simulator for training a user to introduce a medical device into a radial artery of a human body. The technique simulator includes an arm model possessing an appearance that imitates portions of a human arm including at least a wrist and a simulated human subcutaneous region arranged in a storage groove formed in the wrist of the arm model. The technique simulator also includes a simulated human radial styloid process arranged in a bone arranging hole formed in the simulated human subcutaneous region and a simulated human skin that covers a simulated human blood vessel. The simulated human blood vessel is configured to be inserted in the simulated human subcutaneous region and the simulated human radial styloid process.

Abstract: A torque converter of the present invention includes a pump impeller, a turbine impeller, a first stator impeller, a second stator impeller, a first one-way clutch annularly provided on the inner periphery of the first stator impeller, and a second one-way clutch annularly provided from the inner periphery of the first one-way clutch to the inner periphery of the second stator impeller. The first stator impeller is coupled to a fixed shaft via the first and second one-way clutches, and the second stator impeller is coupled to the fixed shaft only via the second one-way clutch.

Abstract: A torque converter of the present invention includes a pump impeller, a turbine impeller, a first stator impeller, a second stator impeller, a first one-way clutch annularly provided on the inner periphery of the first stator impeller, and a second one-way clutch annularly provided from the inner periphery of the first one-way clutch to the inner periphery of the second stator impeller. The first stator impeller is coupled to a fixed shaft via the first and second one-way clutches, and the second stator impeller is coupled to the fixed shaft only via the second one-way clutch.

Abstract: A non-volatile semiconductor memory device raises the word line voltage by use of the edge of a clock to read out memory cell data. A plurality of voltage raising circuits are connected in parallel and each of the voltage raising circuits raises a power supply voltage. A level shifter is connected to the outputs of the plurality of voltage raising circuits to drive the word line. Driving means drives each of the plurality of voltage raising circuits by use of clocks each having only one edge in a period from the address changing time to the memory cell data readout starting time at which the precharging operation is terminated. The clocks for driving the voltage raising circuits have a phase difference with respect to one another for the respective voltage raising circuits.

Abstract: An image reproducing device includes a container for storing a strip-like photosensitive material in a condition that the photosensitive material is rolled, the photosensitive material having a mark at a predetermined length from a final end thereof. Rollers pull out the rolled photosensitive material from the container and convey the photosensitive material. A cutter cuts the conveyed photosensitive material into a sheet-like photosensitive sheets one by one. A pair of developing rollers roll the cut photosensitive sheet put together with a transfer sheet between which a developer-containing pod is interposed. A detector detects the marking of the conveyed photosensitive material, and a controller inhibits the cutter from cutting the photosensitive material in a case where the detector detects the mark of the conveyed photosensitive material.