Abstract: A novel gas laser apparatus is disclosed, which comprises a hermetic container with a gas laser medium sealed therein, a plurality of main discharge electrodes arranged in the hermetic container for causing the main discharge in the gas laser medium thereby to generate a laser beam, and a device for subjecting the discharge space between the main discharge electrodes to preionization over a wide range thereof before the main discharge by use of a reflected laser beam or an ultraviolet ray lamp.

Abstract: Disclosed is a variable capacitance type encoder for measuring the length of an object to be measured on the basis of the amount of a probe which is brought into contact with the object. The amount of the movement of the probe is detected by the variation of electrostatic capacity between a rotary disc which is secured to the shaft, e.g., threaded shaft of the probe, and fixed plates which are secured to a baseplate so as to be opposed to the rotary disc. Two fixed plates are opposed to the rotary disc, and at least one fixed plate is provided with first and second transmitting electrodes composed of a pluarlity of electrode elements to which voltages of different phases are applied and which are annularly arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the fixed plate. The phase difference between the voltages which are applied to both transmitting electrodes is 180.degree..

Abstract: A variable capacitance type encoder for measuring the length of an object to be measured on the basis of detecting the amount of movement of a probe as a function of the variation of electrostatic capacity between a rotary disk which is secured to a shaft and a pair of fixed disks which are secured to a frame body so as to be opposed to the rotary disk. On at least one fixed disk is provided first and second transmitting electrodes composed of a plurality of electrode elements to which voltages of different phases are applied. The rotary disk is provided with first and second receiving electrodes for receiving signals of a common phase by electrostatic coupling with both transmitting electrodes. Each fixed disk is further provided with an output electrode which is electrostatically coupled with the respective receiving electrode.

Abstract: An electrostatic capacity type encoder which includes a rotary disk rotatingly provided on an encoder body, and a first stationary disk and a second stationary disk fixed to the encoder body to face each other with the rotary disk arranged therebetween. A plurality of transmitting electrodes are provided on the first stationary disk. On the rotary disk is provided not only a plurality of receiving electrodes facing the transmitting electrodes on the first stationary disk but also a coupling electrode connected to the receiving electrodes and facing the second stationary disk. An output electrode is provided on the second stationary disk to face the coupling electrode on the rotary disk. To the respective transmitting electrodes are applied alternating currents with respective different phases, and the amount of rotating displacement in the rotary disk is detected in accordance with the output signal from the output electrode which changes with the rotation of the rotary disk.

Abstract: A polyamide resin composition is described, which is characterized by blending a polyamide resin with a composition (A) comprising (i) either polyamide-rubber copolymer or polyolefin resin, and (ii) a tackiness providing resin wherein either said polyamide-rubber copolymer or the polyolefin resin is from 80 to 20% by weight based on the composition (A), and the tackiness providing resin is from 20 to 80% by weight based on the composition (A).

Abstract: A polyamide-rubber blend composition is disclosed. The composition is prepared by mixing the following components (a) and (b) under heating in the presence of a crosslinking agent.(a) 70 to 40 vol % of a rubber composition made of 5 to 40 vol % of an acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer rubber and 95 to 50 vol % of an epichlorohydrin rubber; and(b) 30 to 60 vol % of a polyamide resin, the gel fraction of the rubber composition (a) in the blend composition is at least 70 wt %.The acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer rubber of the composition preferably contains not less than 1.5 wt % of a carboxyl group in the polymer.

Abstract: A discharge tube structure of a gas laser generator has end common vessels at its both end sections and an intermediate common vessel at its intermediate section. The end common vessels and intermediate common vessel are connected through the first and second cooling ducts to a centrifugal blower, which is provided at its center the first communicating port communicating with the first cooling duct and at least two second communicating ports communicating with the second cooling ducts opposed to each other with respect to the first communicating port. The simplified second cooling ducts allows the mixture gas to be supplied smoothly to the intermediate common vessel, thereby increasing the laser output.

Abstract: A gas laser device has an anode and a cathode arranged oppositely in a discharge tube. The cathode comprises a plurality of cathode members each having a predetermined discharge effective cathode surface and each being electrically isolated from others. A switching circuit selects the cathode member(s) used for a continuous wave oscillation and the cathode member(s) used for a pulsed oscillation. The total area of the discharge effective cathode surface(s) of the cathode member(s) used for the pulsed oscillation is selected to be smaller than, preferably 1/3 to 1/2 of that of the discharge effective cathode surface(s) of the cathode member(s) used for the continuous wave oscillation.

Abstract: A gas laser has an electrode of improved construction. The electrode, for example a cathode, comprises an inner cathode and at least an outer cathode spaced from the inner cathode and disposed on the side thereof away from to an anode. Each of the cathodes has a central hole from which glow discharge is formed, and the outer cathode further has a plurality of through-holes around the central hole. A gas medium flowing in a discharge tube passes through the central hole of the inner cathode via the central hole and through-holes of the outer cathode. The gas medium forcedly enters the glow discharge from the inner cathode thereby to cause it expand and a part of the gas medium having passed through the through-holes of the outer cathode squeeze the glow discharge from the outer cathode so that the glow discharge can enter the glow discharge from the inner cathode. Therefore, the current density of the glow discharge in the discharge tube is made information.

Abstract: The invention is to provide a gas laser in which a discharge tube of a double-tube construction comprising a inner tube and an outer tube of a relatively large diameter is employed, a tubular discharge space filled with a gas mixture is formed between the inner tube and the outer tube, a gas mixture cooling passage is formed within the discharge space, and a pair of mirror groups are disposed at both ends of the discharge space, each mirror group comprising a plurality of mirrors arranged in the circumferential direction. The respective mirrors are arranged in such a manner that a laser beam is reflected by the mirrors to go and return in the discharge space several times and each path of the laser beam between the corresponding two mirrors obliquely intersects the central axis of the discharge space.

Abstract: According to the invention, a thin wire 13 is arranged across the laser beam 2, and the change of resistance in the thin wire 13 is measured by a resistance meter 21 while moving the thin wire 13 by a driving mechanism 23, thereby to measure the power of the laser beam or the position of the laser beam. The apparatus can be used for monitoring the power of laser beam or position of the same used in the high-power laser device for processing or the like purpose. According to the invention, it is possible to monitor the power and position of the laser without interrupting the laser beam and without incurring substantial increase of the loss of power of the laser beam.

Abstract: A gas laser oscillation apparatus wherein, in order to prevent a center axis of a reflecting mirror included in a laser resonator from deviating from an optical axis of the laser resonator due to the deformation of a mirror supporting frame caused by a vacuum force applied to a laser tube, the reflecting mirror is fixed to a mirror holding plate, which is attached to the mirror supporting frame with fasteners such as bolts and nuts.

Abstract: A laser beam axis monitoring apparatus which includes a laser oscillator generating a laser beam and a light generator for generating a light for monitoring an axis of the laser. The light from the light generator is split into ring-shaped light and reflected or lead into the laser oscillator. The light in the laser oscillator is reflected by a total reflection mirror and passes out of the oscillator so that the axis of the laser beam and axis of the light coincide with each other.

Abstract: In a coaxial type gas-flow laser device in which a laser beam axis, an electric discharge axis and a gas flow axis are coincident, at least one centrifugal blower is employed for circulating a laser gas. Where two centrifugal blowers are employed, they oppose to each other in an axial direction of discharge tubes.

Abstract: An invention concerning the electrode structure of a gas laser device is disclosed. In the outer peripheral part of a discharge gas circulating hole (32) provided in the central part of an upper gas stream side one (16) of electrodes (14) and (16) disposed at both the ends of a discharge tube (8), a plurality of gas circulating apertures (34) are further provided over the entire periphery. A glow discharge portion in the discharge tube (8) is fined towards the central part of the tube by a gas which passes through the outer-peripheral gas circulating apertures (34). Thus, the laser intensity profile becomes the Gaussian distribution, and the laser generation efficiency is enhanced.

Abstract: A gas laser generating device of the longitudinal gas flow type having at least two glow discharge tubes, each of which has positive and negative electrodes, electric insulating tubes which are inserted between the two glow discharge tubes in order to provide insulation therebetween, and mirrors which are positioned at the ends of the two glow discharge tubes. In the glow discharge tubes, gas is excited to generate gas lasing and this gas lasing is amplified by the reflections of the mirros. Also, there are further provided triggering electrodes near either the negative or positive electrodes of the glow discharge tubes, respectively, which triggering electrodes are connected to the positive electrodes through triggering resistors, respectively.

Abstract: A grounded tank type gas circuit breaker comprises a grounded tank filled with a dielectric gas and having an opening airtightly sealed by a detachable cap, a capacitor unit electrically and mechanically connected at one end to the inner wall surface of the cap, and interrupting means mounted in the tank and electrically connected to the other end of the capacitor unit.

Abstract: In a circuit breaker having puffer type circuit breaking units housed within a tank of metal material, an inspection opening is formed in the tank side wall at a position opposite to a contact assembly in each of the circuit breaking units and is tightly closed by a detachable cover.