Abstract: A production system which is centralizedly managed by a server so that electronic components fed from feeders are mounted on a board by each mounting apparatus, is configured so that the feeders are placed in predetermined placement regions of a feeder bank provided in the mounting apparatus, the server detects the placement regions where the feeders are placed, and manages the feeders and the placement regions in association with each other, and the mounting apparatus acquires management information from the server and automatically generates layout data indicating correspondence between the feeders and the placement regions.

Abstract: Display particles having metal oxide layers formed on the surfaces of base particles containing at least a resin and a colorant, wherein the metal oxide layers comprise a polycondensation product formed by using a compound A represented by the following formula (A) and a compound B indicated by the following formula (B) as materials, and an image display apparatus loaded with the display particles: M1(OR1)4??(A) (wherein M1 represents a silicon atom or a titanium atom; and R1 represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms respectively independently): M2(R2)4-n(OR3)n??(B) (wherein M2 represents a silicon atom or a titanium atom; R2 represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group or an epoxy group, independently; R3 represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms independently; and n represents an integer of 2 or 3).

Abstract: Display particles for an image display apparatus, wherein the image display apparatus comprises two substrates at least one of which is transparent, with the display particles being sealed between the substrates in a powder state, so that by generating an electric field between the substrates, the display particles are moved to display an image, wherein the display particles are formed through processes in which at least a binder resin and a colorant are kneaded and pulverized to give core particles, resin fine particles are fixed and fused on surfaces of the core particles, and then the core particles on which the resin fine particles are fixed and fused are sphered to give an average degree of roundness of 0.960 or more, and wherein a ratio of use of the resin fine particles is set in the range from 100 to 300% in the rate of the total projection area of the resin fine particles relative to the total surface area of the core particles, as well as an image display apparatus loaded with the display particles.

Abstract: An image display apparatus including: two substrates at least one of which is transparent; and display particles that are sealed between the substrates in a powder state so that by generating an electric field between the substrates, the display particles are moved to display an image; wherein, of contact surfaces with the display particles in a gap between the substrates, both of the surfaces on the substrate sides have oxide layers of the same metal, and the display particles include positively chargeable display particles and negatively chargeable display particles, and both of the positively chargeable display particles and the negatively chargeable display particles have structures obtained by successively forming oxide layers of the same metal as that of the metal oxide layers possessed by the surfaces on the substrate sides and organic layers on the surfaces of base particles that contain at least a resin and a colorant.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manufacturing method of a toner including a vinyl series resin being a polymer of a radical polymerizable monomer, and a coloring agent, the method comprising: dispersing a crystalline organic compound having an unsaturated bond in an aqueous medium to prepare a dispersion liquid of the crystalline organic compound; causing a radical polymerization reaction between an unsaturated bond part of the crystalline organic compound and the radical polymerizable monomer after adding the radical polymerizable monomer to the dispersion liquid of the crystalline organic compound, to prepare a dispersion liquid of resin particles including the obtained polymer; and mixing at least the dispersion liquid of the resin particles and a dispersion liquid of coloring agent particles, and aggregating the resin particles and the coloring agent particles to form toner particles.

Abstract: An image display apparatus comprising two substrates at least one of which is transparent, ribs for maintaining a distance between the substrates and display particles that are sealed between the substrates in a powder state, and displaying an image by generating an electric field between the substrates so that the display particles are moved, wherein of contact faces to the display particles in the gap between the substrates, at least the contact faces of ribs to the display particles have an arithmetic average roughness Ra in a range from 0.01 to 0.20 ?m and an average interval Sm of irregularities in a range from 0.5 to 2.5 ?m.

Abstract: Display particles for an image display apparatus, wherein the image display apparatus comprises two substrates at least one of which is transparent, with the display particles being sealed between the substrates in a powder state, so that by generating an electric field between the substrates, the display particles are moved to display an image, wherein the display particles are formed through processes in which at least a binder resin and a colorant are kneaded and pulverized to give core particles, resin fine particles are fixed and fused on surfaces of the core particles, and then the core particles on which the resin fine particles are fixed and fused are sphered to give an average degree of roundness of 0.960 or more, and wherein a ratio of use of the resin fine particles is set in the range from 100 to 300% in the rate of the total projection area of the resin fine particles relative to the total surface area of the core particles, as well as an image display apparatus loaded with the display particles.

Abstract: Display particles having metal oxide layers formed on the surfaces of base particles containing at least a resin and a colorant, wherein the metal oxide layers comprise a polycondensation product formed by using a compound A represented by the following formula (A) and a compound B indicated by the following formula (B) as materials, and an image display apparatus loaded with the display particles: M1(OR1)4 ??(A) (wherein M1 represents a silicon atom or a titanium atom; and R1 represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms respectively independently): M2(R2)4-n(OR3)n ??(B) (wherein M2 represents a silicon atom or a titanium atom; R2 represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group or an epoxy group, independently; R3 represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms independently; and n represents an integer of 2 or 3).

Abstract: An image display apparatus including: two substrates at least one of which is transparent; and display particles that are sealed between the substrates in a powder state so that by generating an electric field between the substrates, the display particles are moved to display an image; wherein, of contact surfaces with the display particles in a gap between the substrates, both of the surfaces on the substrate sides have oxide layers of the same metal, and the display particles include positively chargeable display particles and negatively chargeable display particles, and both of the positively chargeable display particles and the negatively chargeable display particles have structures obtained by successively forming oxide layers of the same metal as that of the metal oxide layers possessed by the surfaces on the substrate sides and organic layers on the surfaces of base particles that contain at least a resin and a colorant.

Abstract: Display particles that are used for an image display apparatus in which the display particles are sealed between two substrates at least one of which is transparent, and by generating an electric field between the substrates, the display particles are moved so that an image is displayed, wherein the display particles include positively chargeable display particles and negatively chargeable display particles, and the positively chargeable display particles and the negatively chargeable display particles are formed by allowing inorganic fine particles made of the same constituent materials to be adhered to the surfaces of base particles, and an image display apparatus provided with the display particles.

Abstract: An image display apparatus comprising two substrates at least one of which is transparent, ribs for maintaining a distance between the substrates and display particles that are sealed between the substrates in a powder state, and displaying an image by generating an electric field between the substrates so that the display particles are moved, wherein of contact faces to the display particles in the gap between the substrates, at least the contact faces of ribs to the display particles have an arithmetic average roughness Ra in a range from 0.01 to 0.20 ?m and an average interval Sm of irregularities in a range from 0.5 to 2.5 ?m.

Abstract: An optical connector includes a connector body that has a first optical fiber housed in advance in a ferrule so as to project from a back end of the ferrule opposite to the connecting end surface and an anchoring fixture that anchors a second optical fiber that is to be optically connected to the first optical fiber, and by pressing the anchoring fixture into the connector body while the second optical fiber is anchored in this anchoring fixture, the anchoring fixture and the connector body are connected to optically connect the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, and the connecting portion that connects the anchoring fixture and the connector body form a movable connecting portion that is adapted to vary the direction of the anchoring fixture with respect to the connector body.

Abstract: An optical connector includes a connector body that has a first optical fiber housed in advance in a ferrule so as to project from a back end of the ferrule opposite to the connecting end surface and an anchoring fixture that anchors a second optical fiber that is to be optically connected to the first optical fiber, and by pressing the anchoring fixture into the connector body while the second optical fiber is anchored in this anchoring fixture, the anchoring fixture and the connector body are connected to optically connect the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, and the connecting portion that connects the anchoring fixture and the connector body form a movable connecting portion that is adapted to vary the direction of the anchoring fixture with respect to the connector body.

Abstract: An electric appliance has a first terminal and a second terminal electrically connected to the first terminal. The first terminal has a soldering portion for soldering the second terminal thereon. The soldering portion has a smooth face and a rough face disposed on one imaginary plane. The rough face has a flat portion and a plurality of concavities disposed on the flat portion at intervals. Further, the soldering portion may have a through hole adjacent to the rough face to insert the second terminal. The first terminal is embedded in an insulator. The insulator has an opening exposing the soldering portion therein. The insulator includes a frame forming a housing of an electric appliance. A seal seals a connection gap at a margin of the frame in the housing. A partition wall may be disposed between the soldering portion and the seal.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve with high freedom to optimize the direction of fuel spray, the shape of spray, the length of penetration, the existence/absence of lead spray and the like, in correspondence with each type of internal combustion engine is provided. A swirling force about a central axis of an injection orifice is supplied by a swirler to fuel injected from the injection orifice. A central axis E of the injection orifice is slanted at a predetermined deflection angle to a central axis of a valve body. Further, a step portion is formed in an end surface of the injection orifice.

Abstract: An electric appliance has a first terminal and a second terminal electrically connected to the first terminal. The first terminal has a soldering portion for soldering the second terminal thereon. The soldering portion has a smooth face and a rough face disposed on one imaginary plane. The rough face has a flat portion and a plurality of concavities disposed on the flat portion at intervals. Further, the soldering portion may have a through hole adjacent to the rough face to insert the second terminal. The first terminal is embedded in an insulator. The insulator has an opening exposing the soldering portion therein. The insulator includes a frame forming a housing of an electric appliance. A seal seals a connection gap at a margin of the frame in the housing. A partition wall may be disposed between the soldering portion and the seal.

Abstract: A driving-side rotator of a clutch has a connecting hole, within which a connecting portion of a rotatable shaft is loosely fitted while providing a space between the connecting hole and the connection portion. The connecting hole of the driving-side rotator is engageable with the connecting portion of the rotatable shaft in a rotational direction to integrally rotate with connecting portion of the rotatable shaft. Two positioning holes are provided in a brush holder, and two positioning projections are provided in a gear housing to allow direct positioning of the brush holder and the gear housing relative to each other.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve with high freedom to optimize the direction of fuel spray, the shape of spray, the length of penetration, the existence/absence of lead spray and the like, in correspondence with each type of internal combustion engine is provided. A swirling force about a central axis of an injection orifice is supplied by a swirler to fuel injected from the injection orifice. A central axis E of the injection orifice is slanted at a predetermined deflection angle to a central axis of a valve body. Further, a step portion is formed in an end surface of the injection orifice.

Abstract: A driving-side rotator of a clutch has a connecting hole, within which a connecting portion of a rotatable shaft is loosely fitted while providing a space between the connecting hole and the connection portion. The connecting hole of the driving-side rotator is engageable with the connecting portion of the rotatable shaft in a rotational direction to integrally rotate with connecting portion of the rotatable shaft. Two positioning holes are provided in a brush holder, and two positioning projections are provided in a gear housing to allow direct positioning of the brush holder and the gear housing relative to each other.

Abstract: A driving-side rotator of a clutch has a connecting hole, within which a connecting portion of a rotatable shaft is loosely fitted while providing a space between the connecting hole and the connection portion. The connecting hole of the driving-side rotator is engageable with the connecting portion of the rotatable shaft in a rotational direction to integrally rotate with connecting portion of the rotatable shaft. Two positioning holes are provided in a brush holder, and two positioning projections are provided in a gear housing to allow direct positioning of the brush holder and the gear housing relative to each other.