Abstract: A computer-readable recording medium stores therein a spreadsheet generating program that causes a computer to execute acquiring information related to layout positions of items in a form; column-sorting the items in ascending order, according to column-related coordinate values of the items; determining a column width for each of the items, based on a distance to the previous item in the column-sorted items; row-sorting the items in ascending order, according to row-related coordinate values of the items; determining a row height for each of the items, based on a distance to the previous item in the row-sorted items; designating, for each of the items and from among cells having the determined column widths and the determined row heights, a cell corresponding to a layout position indicated in the acquired information; and outputting a spreadsheet related to layout of the form by a provision of the items to the designated cells.

Abstract: A self-tuning controller apparatus which comprises: a control response pattern recognition portion for receiving a set-point and a controlled variable of a process and for obtaining three performance indexes from a controlled variable response pattern generated in response to a change in the set-point or a disturbance; a control parameter correction portion for qualitatively evaluating the three performance indexes and for inferring a correction value of a PID control parameter on the basis of the result of evaluation; and a control performance dissatisfaction degree evaluation portion for evaluating the inferred correction value of the PID control parameter in accordance with the dissatisfaction degrees of the two performance indexes for the respective target specifications of the two of the three performance indexes. The control performance dissatisfaction degree evaluation portion acts to make the PID control parameter converge stably.

Abstract: PID control method and PID controller for determining, from a control response from a process, characteristic values representative of controllability and automatically deriving and setting PID constants from the determined characteristic values. The error between a set point and a controlled value is decided as to whether to be due to a change in set point or due to a disturbance, and PID constants are set on the basis of results of decision.

Abstract: A PID controller system comprises a PID controller for PID controlling a process standing for an object to be controlled, and an automatic adjuster being responsive to a variable relating to the manipulation of the PID controller and the response shape of the control variable from the process to obtain necessary performance indexes and preparing, on the basis of the performance indexes, optimum control parameters for tuning the actual control variable to the control command value, the optimum control parameters being fedback from the automatic adjuster to the PID controller.

Abstract: A controller is provided with a programmer, and has a program memory and an arithmetic processing portion. The programmer has a key board with keys labeled with different computing elements, in instrumentation terms, necessary for determining the functions of the controller, and produces programs for forming control loops of desired functions in response to depression of the keys thereof and stores the programs in the program memory. The arithmetic processing portion is supplied with input data in digital form, and computes the input data in accordance with the program which is stored in the program memory. The program memory is capable of being selectively plugged into either the controller or the programmer.

Abstract: A device for cooling a salient-type rotor by ventilation, in which ventilation ducts are formed in the radial direction in the magnetic cores on both sides thereof relative to the circumferential direction so as to communicate with the ventilation ducts in the rim. The cooling air supplied through the ventilation ducts in the rim is also permitted to flow through the ventilation ducts in the magnetic cores between the adjacent cores so that the ventilation resistance is reduced, the stator coils and the stator cores are efficiently cooled, and the field coils wound around the magnetic cores are efficiently cooled from the outer side and from the inner side thereof.