Abstract: A lubricant including: an ionic liquid, which includes a conjugate acid (B+) and a conjugate base (X?), and is protic, wherein the ionic liquid is represented by the following general formula (1), and wherein the conjugate base is a conjugate base of sulfonic acid, a conjugate base of sulfonimide, or a conjugate base of trisulfonylmethide: where R1 and R2 each represent a hydrogen atom or R1 and R2 form a benzene ring together with carbon atoms to which R1 and R2 are bonded, R3 represents a to straight-chain hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms, and R4 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group in the general formula (1).

Abstract: A lubricant including an ionic liquid, which contains a conjugate acid (B+) and a conjugate base (X?) and is aprotic, wherein the conjugate acid contains a straight-chain hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms, and wherein an acid that is a source of the conjugate base has a pKa in water of 0 or less.

Abstract: A lubricant including an ionic liquid, which includes a conjugate acid (B+) and a conjugate base (X?), and is protic, wherein the conjugate acid includes a straight-chain hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms, and wherein the conjugate base is represented by the following general formula (1): where n is an integer of from 0 to 6 in the general formula (1).

Abstract: A lubricating agent including an ionic liquid formed from a Bronsted acid (HX) and a Bronsted base (B), wherein the Bronsted base has a linear hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms and the difference between the pKa value of the Bronsted acid in water and the pKa value of the Bronsted base in water is 12 or more.

Abstract: An information recording medium excellent in long storage and capable of high-density recording, method of manufacturing the information recording medium, and information recording material are provided. Pulse laser light is focused onto a recording layer in which a thermosetting epoxy resin having a skeleton with high planarity and a curing agent are polymerized to form a recording mark. With a molecular weight between cross-linking points of a cured material of the recording layer being set to be equal to or smaller than 2000 and, more preferably, equal to or smaller than 500, a distance between recording marks (cavities) can be shortened.

Abstract: An information recording medium excellent in long storage and capable of high-density recording, method of manufacturing the information recording medium, and information recording material are provided. Pulse laser light is focused onto a recording layer in which a thermosetting epoxy resin having a skeleton with high planarity and a curing agent are polymerized to form a recording mark. With a cured material of a recording layer having a density equal to or larger than 1.210 g/cm3 and a glass transition temperature of 110° C. to 140° C., high-speed recording is possible.

Abstract: A light-emitting device is provided which uses an encapsulant material made from a polymer having a high relative light output. The light-emitting device includes a light-emitting element and a member sealing the light-emitting element. The encapsulant material has one or more than two kinds of units given by the following formula (1) and a refractive index of 1.55 or more. where R is a hydrogen atom, alkyl group or phenyl group, Y is an alkyl group of which the carbon number is 1 to 6 or an alkyloxy group of which the carbon number is 1 to 6 and Z is an aromatic compound that meets predetermined requirements.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for sealing a light-emitting device wherein formation of air bubbles in a light-emitting device module can be prevented by performing no gelation after fitting of a cover member. This method also enables to seal a light-emitting device by using a gel sealing material composed of a gel precursor which uses a solvent. Also disclosed is a light-emitting module formed by such a sealing method. In this method for sealing a light-emitting device, gelation of the gel precursor of a gel sealing material is performed before placing the precursor on the light-emitting device, and thus no gelation is necessary after fitting of a cover member. Consequently, a gel precursor having high viscosity that is difficult to be used in an injection method can be used in this method. Furthermore, a substance which requires use of a solvent can be used as a gel precursor of a gel sealing material.

Abstract: An encapsulating resin composition is provided, which gives a cured product having heat resistance, light resistance, and flexibility equivalent to those of silicone resins and having a refractive index of 1.57 or greater which is larger than that of epoxy resins. The encapsulating resin composition contains: a high refractive index acrylic-based or methacrylic-based monomer having a refractive index of 1.55 or greater; and a nonfunctional fluorene compound. In a preferred form, each of the high refractive index acrylic-based or methacrylic-based monomer and the nonfunctional fluorene compound has a 9,9-bisphenylfluorene skeleton.

Abstract: A curable resin composition is provided which has an appropriate viscosity suitable for encapsulating a light-emitting device. The cured product of the curable resin composition has a refractive index equal to or larger than that of epoxy resins, is excellent in heat resistance and light resistance, and has thermal stress relaxation properties. The curable resin composition contains a high refractive index acrylic-based monomer having a refractive index of 1.52 or more and a non-polymerizable carbazole, and further contains a polymerizable carbazole in accordance with need. An acrylate or methacrylate having a fluorene skeleton, a bisphenol-A skeleton, a biphenyl skeleton, a naphthalene skeleton, or an anthracene skeleton is used as the high refractive index acrylic-based monomer.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell, and a method of producing an electrochemical cell are provided. The method includes a step in which a counter electrode film and a mold film are crimped. A sol-gel precursor is inserted into a pore in the mold film provided on the counter electrode film. The sol-gel precursor is cooled to form a semi-hardened gel. The mold film is peeled off from the counter electrode film. The semi-hardened gel is cooled to form a gel electrolyte film. The sealing film is provided on the counter film, with the gel electrolyte film being fitted in the pore of the sealing film. A working electrode film is crimped on the sealing film. The stacked films are thermocompression bonded, and a single electrochemical cell is produced by cutting.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for sealing a light-emitting device wherein formation of air bubbles in a light-emitting device module can be prevented by performing no gelation after fitting of a cover member. This method also enables to seal a light-emitting device by using a gel sealing material composed of a gel precursor which uses a solvent. Also disclosed is a light-emitting module formed by such a sealing method. In this method for sealing a light-emitting device, gelation of the gel precursor of a gel sealing material is performed before placing the precursor on the light-emitting device, and thus no gelation is necessary after fitting of a cover member. Consequently, a gel precursor having high viscosity that is difficult to be used in an injection method can be used in this method. Furthermore, a substance which requires use of a solvent can be used as a gel precursor of a gel sealing material.

Abstract: A light-emitting device is provided which uses an encapsulant material made from a polymer having a high relative light output. The light-emitting device includes a light-emitting element and a member sealing the light-emitting element. The encapsulant material has one or more than two kinds of units given by the following formula (1) and a refractive index of 1.55 or more. where R is a hydrogen atom, alkyl group or phenyl group, Y is an alkyl group of which the carbon number is 1 to 6 or an alkyloxy group of which the carbon number is 1 to 6 and Z is an aromatic compound that meets predetermined requirements.

Abstract: A liquid absorbing sheet has a liquid-absorbing resin layer that can effectively absorb the nonaqueous electrolyte solution used in nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cells that make nonaqueous electrolyte battery packs (in particular, lithium ion-based nonaqueous secondary battery packs). The liquid-absorbing resin layer is obtained by irradiating a particular monomer composition with UV rays or other energy rays to polymerize the monomer composition. The monomer composition contains a monofunctional monomer component (A) having a polyethylene glycol acrylate monomer and an amide bond-containing acrylic monomer; and a polyfunctional monomer component (B).

Abstract: A curable resin composition is provided which has an appropriate viscosity suitable for encapsulating a light-emitting device. The cured product of the curable resin composition has a refractive index equal to or larger than that of epoxy resins, is excellent in heat resistance and light resistance, and has thermal stress relaxation properties. The curable resin composition contains a high refractive index acrylic-based monomer having a refractive index of 1.52 or more and a non-polymerizable carbazole, and further contains a polymerizable carbazole in accordance with need. An acrylate or methacrylate having a fluorene skeleton, a bisphenol-A skeleton, a biphenyl skeleton, a naphthalene skeleton, or an anthracene skeleton is used as the high refractive index acrylic-based monomer.

Abstract: A liquid absorbing sheet has a liquid-absorbing resin layer that can effectively absorb the nonaqueous electrolyte solution used in nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cells that make nonaqueous electrolyte battery packs (in particular, lithium ion-based nonaqueous secondary battery packs). The liquid-absorbing resin layer is obtained by irradiating a particular monomer composition with UV rays or other energy rays to polymerize the monomer composition. The monomer composition contains a monofunctional monomer component (A) having a polyethylene glycol acrylate monomer and an amide bond-containing acrylic monomer; and a polyfunctional monomer component (B).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel electrochemical cell, and a method of producing the novel electrochemical cell. The method of producing the electrochemical cell according to the present invention is characterized by the following steps. Specifically, in a step A, a counter electrode film 1 and a mold film 2 are crimped. In a step B, a sol-gel precursor 8 is inserted into a pore in the mold film 2 provided on the counter electrode film 1. In a step C, the sol-gel precursor 8 is cooled to form a semi-hardened gel. In a step D, the mold film 2 is peeled off from the counter electrode film 1. In a step E, the semi-hardened gel is cooled to form a gel electrolyte film. In a step F, the sealing film is provided on the counter film 1, with the gel electrolyte film being fitted in the pore of the sealing film 6. In a step G, a working electrode film 7 is crimped on the sealing film 6. In a step H, the stacked films are thermocompression bonded.

Abstract: A resin composition having a viscosity suitable for encapsulating optical devices such as light-emitting devices is provided. Specifically, the cured product of the resin composition has a refractive index greater than or equal to that of epoxy resins, exhibits excellent heat resistance and light resistance, and has thermal stress relaxation properties. The curable resin composition contains a fluorene group-containing acrylate or methacrylate represented by the following formula and a specific monofunctional acrylate or methacrylate: wherein X is —(CH2CH2O)n— or —(CH2CH2O)—CH2CH(OH)CH2O— with n being 1 to 5 and R is an acrylic or methacrylic group.

Abstract: A liquid absorbing sheet includes a liquid absorbing resin layer that can effectively absorb nonaqueous electrolyte solutions used in nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cells that make nonaqueous electrolyte battery packs (in particular, lithium ion-based nonaqueous secondary battery packs). The liquid absorbing resin layer is obtained by irradiating UV-rays onto a monomer composition to polymerize the monomer composition, the monomer composition containing: a monofunctional monomer component containing a monofunctional monomer capable of forming a homopolymer that is soluble in a nonaqueous solvent used in a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery; and a polyfunctional monomer component.

Abstract: An encapsulating resin composition is provided, which gives a cured product having heat resistance, light resistance, and flexibility equivalent to those of silicone resins and having a refractive index of 1.57 or greater which is larger than that of epoxy resins. The encapsulating resin composition contains: a high refractive index acrylic-based or methacrylic-based monomer having a refractive index of 1.55 or greater; and a nonfunctional fluorene compound. In a preferred form, each of the high refractive index acrylic-based or methacrylic-based monomer and the nonfunctional fluorene compound has a 9,9-bisphenylfluorene skeleton.