Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) device includes a substrate, a pair of fin-type active regions protruding from the substrate to define a trench region on the substrate, the fin-type active regions extending in a first lateral direction, a pair of source/drain regions on the fin-type active regions, respectively, a device isolation film in the trench region, the device isolation film apart from the substrate in a vertical direction, an etch stop structure filling at least a portion of the trench region between the substrate and the device isolation film, a via power rail between the pair of fin-type active regions and between the pair of source/drain regions, the via power rail passing through at least a portion of the etch stop structure, and a backside power rail passing through the substrate, the backside power rail in contact with one end of the via power rail.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus includes a chamber having an internal space configured to process a substrate loaded therein; a light source configured to emit light on the substrate to harden a photoresist pattern coated on the substrate; and a transparent division part provided between the substrate and the light source, wherein the transparent division part divides the chamber into a first space, in which the light source is provided, and a second space, in which the substrate is provided.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include PMOSFET and NMOSFET regions spaced apart from each other on a substrate, first and second active patterns provided on the PMOSFET and NMOSFET regions, respectively, a first channel pattern on the first active pattern, a source/drain pattern electrically connected to the first channel pattern, an active contact electrically connected to the source/drain pattern, the active contact including a first conductive pattern and a first barrier pattern enclosing a portion of a side surface and a bottom surface of the first conductive pattern, a gate electrode extending in a direction crossing the first channel pattern, a gate contact electrically connected to the gate electrode, an air gap provided on the first barrier pattern and between the gate contact and the first conductive pattern, and a lower via provided on the active contact. The lower via may be adjacent to the air gap.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a gate structure including a gate electrode, a gate spacer layer on a side surface of the gate electrode, and a gate capping layer on the gate electrode. Moreover, the semiconductor device includes a source/drain region on at least one side of the gate structure, a contact plug on the source/drain region, and first and second insulating films between the contact plug and the gate structure and defining an air gap. The first insulating film includes a first surface, and a second surface extending from the first surface while forming a first angle. The second insulating film includes a third surface forming a second angle with the first surface of the first insulating film. The second angle is an acute angle narrower than the first angle. The air gap is defined by the first surface, the second surface, and the third surface.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an active region extending on a substrate in a first direction, a gate structure including a gate electrode extending on the substrate in a second direction and traversing the active region, a spacer structure extending on opposing sidewalls of the gate electrode in the second direction, and a capping layer on the gate electrode and the spacer structure, a source/drain region on the active region adjacent the gate structure, and a first contact plug connected to the source/drain region and a second contact plug connected to the gate structure. The capping layer includes a lower capping layer and an upper capping layer on the lower capping layer, and the second contact plug penetrates through the capping layer, is connected to the gate electrode and includes a convex sidewall penetrating into the upper capping layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a first conductive layer on a substrate, a second conductive layer on the first conductive layer, a contact structure between the first and second conductive layers, and a barrier structure surrounding a lower region of a side surface of the second conductive layer, wherein the contact structure includes a contact conductive layer having a first upper surface portion and a second upper surface extending from the first upper surface portion and being concave, and a gap-fill pattern fills a space between the second upper surface portion and the second conductive layer and includes a first gap-fill insulating layer including a metal element and a second gap-fill insulating layer including a silicon element, and the barrier structure includes a first etch stop layer and a barrier layer that include same materials as the first insulating material and the second insulating material, respectively, may be provided.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a gate structure disposed on a substrate; a source and drain layer disposed on the substrate adjacent the gate structure; a first contact plug disposed on the source and drain layer; an insulation pattern structure disposed on the first contact plug, the insulation pattern structure including insulation patterns having different carbon concentrations; and a second contact plug disposed on the gate structure.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes active fins extending in a first direction on a substrate; an isolation insulating layer covering a portion of side surfaces of the active fins; channel layers stacked vertically and spaced apart on the active fins; a gate pattern in a second direction across the active fins and the channel layers; and spacer layers across the active fins in the second direction on both sides of the gate pattern. At least one spacer layer extends downwardly along a side surface of the gate pattern such that a lower surface thereof contacts the isolation insulating layer. The lower surface of the spacer layer is higher than a level of upper surfaces of the active fins. The gate pattern has a lower surface contacting the isolation insulating layer. The lower surface of the gate pattern is lower than a level of the upper surfaces of the active fins.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes active patterns protruding from a substrate and an insulation structure surrounding lower portions of the active patterns. The insulation structure includes an insulation layer conforming to a top surface of the substrate and to sidewalls of the active patterns and a buried insulation pattern on the insulation layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate having a first active pattern and a second active pattern, the first active pattern including a first recess region dividing an upper portion thereof into a first portion and a second portion, the second active pattern including a second recess region dividing an upper portion thereof into a first portion and a second portion, a first insulating pattern covering an inner sidewall of the first recess region, and a second insulating pattern covering an inner sidewall of the second recess region. The first insulating pattern and the second insulating pattern include the same insulating material, and a volume fraction of the first insulating pattern with respect to a volume of the first recess region is smaller than a volume fraction of the second insulating pattern with respect to a volume of the second recess region.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes active patterns protruding from a substrate and an insulation structure surrounding lower portions of the active patterns. The insulation structure includes an insulation layer conforming to a top surface of the substrate and to sidewalls of the active patterns and a buried insulation pattern on the insulation layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate having a first active pattern and a second active pattern, the first active pattern including a first recess region dividing an upper portion thereof into a first portion and a second portion, the second active pattern including a second recess region dividing an upper portion thereof into a first portion and a second portion, a first insulating pattern covering an inner sidewall of the first recess region, and a second insulating pattern covering an inner sidewall of the second recess region. The first insulating pattern and the second insulating pattern include the same insulating material, and a volume fraction of the first insulating pattern with respect to a volume of the first recess region is smaller than a volume fraction of the second insulating pattern with respect to a volume of the second recess region.

Abstract: RF transistors are fabricated at complete wafer scale using a nanotube deposition technique capable of forming high-density, uniform semiconducting nanotube thin films at complete wafer scale, and electrical characterization reveals that such devices exhibit gigahertz operation, linearity, and large transconductance and current drive.

Abstract: Methods and devices for transparent electronics are disclosed. According to an embodiment, transparent electronics are provided based on transfer printed carbon nanotubes that can be disposed on both rigid and flexible substrates. Methods are provided to enable highly aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) to be used in transparent electronics for achieving high carrier mobility while using low-temperature processing. According to one method, highly aligned nanotubes can be grown on a first substrate. Then, the aligned nanotubes can be transferred to a rigid or flexible substrate having pre-patterned gate electrodes. Source and drain electrodes can be formed on the transferred nanotubes. The subject devices can be integrated to provide logic gates and analog circuitry for a variety of applications.

Abstract: An electrode for use in an organic optoelectronic device is provided. The electrode includes a thin film of single-wall carbon nanotubes. The film may be deposited on a substrate of the device by using an elastomeric stamp. The film may be enhanced by spin-coating a smoothing layer on the film and/or doping the film to enhance conductivity. Electrodes according to the present invention may have conductivities, transparencies, and other features comparable to other materials typically used as electrodes in optoelectronic devices.

Abstract: Techniques, apparatus and systems are described for wafer-scale processing of aligned nanotube devices and integrated circuits. In one aspect, a method can include growing aligned nanotubes on at least one of a wafer-scale quartz substrate or a wafer-scale sapphire substrate. The method can include transferring the grown aligned nanotubes onto a target substrate. Also, the method can include fabricating at least one device based on the transferred nanotubes.

Abstract: Techniques, apparatus and systems are described for wafer-scale processing of aligned nanotube devices and integrated circuits. In one aspect, a method can include growing aligned nanotubes on at least one of a wafer-scale quartz substrate or a wafer-scale sapphire substrate. The method can include transferring the grown aligned nanotubes onto a target substrate. Also, the method can include fabricating at least one device based on the transferred nanotubes.

Abstract: Techniques, apparatus and systems are described for wafer-scale processing of aligned nanotube devices and integrated circuits. In one aspect, a method can include growing aligned nanotubes on at least one of a wafer-scale quartz substrate or a wafer-scale sapphire substrate. The method can include transferring the grown aligned nanotubes onto a target substrate. Also, the method can include fabricating at least one device based on the transferred nanotubes.

Abstract: Techniques, apparatus and systems are described for wafer-scale processing of aligned nanotube devices and integrated circuits one. In one aspect, a method can include growing aligned nanotubes on at least one of a wafer-scale quartz substrate or a wafer-scale sapphire substrate. The method can include transferring the grown aligned nanotubes onto a target substrate. Also, the method can include fabricating at least one device based on the transferred nanotubes.

Abstract: Methods, materials, systems and apparatus are described for depositing a separated nanotube networks, and fabricating, separated nanotube thin-film transistors and N-type separated nanotube thin-film transistors. In one aspect, a method of depositing a wafer-scale separated nanotube networks includes providing a substrate with a dielectric layer. The method includes cleaning a surface of the wafer substrate to cause the surface to become hydrophilic. The cleaned surface of the wafer substrate is functionalized by applying a solution that includes linker molecules terminated with amine groups. High density, uniform separated nanotubes are assembled over the functionalized surface by applying to the functionalized surface a separated nanotube solution that includes semiconducting nanotubes.