Abstract: An electrode structure includes: a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged separately from each other; and a plurality of dielectric layers laminated in a first direction with respect to the plurality of pixel electrodes, in which the plurality of dielectric layers includes: a first dielectric layer that spreads over the plurality of pixel electrodes in a direction intersecting with the first direction; and a second dielectric layer that includes dielectric material having a refractive index higher than that of the first dielectric layer, sandwiches the first dielectric layer together with the plurality of pixel electrodes, and has a slit at a position overlapping space between pixel electrodes adjacent when viewed from the first direction.

Abstract: A 1,4-butanediol-containing composition having a concentration of 1,4-butanediol of 99.00% by weight or more and not more than 99.99% by weight and containing 2-pyrrolidone or N-methylpyrrolidone in a concentration, as converted into a nitrogen atom, of from 1.0 to 25 ppm by weight and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control system for an internal combustion engine, before execution of a filter regeneration process, executes a pre-regeneration process that is a process of raising a temperature of a filter to a second target temperature lower than a first target temperature and increasing the concentration of NO2 contained in exhaust gas flowing into the filter for a predetermined period. The first target temperature during execution of the filter regeneration process in the case where a speed of change in a detected value of a differential pressure sensor during execution of the pre-regeneration process is high is set so as to be lower than the first target temperature in the case where the speed of change is low.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control system for an internal combustion engine, before execution of a filter regeneration process, executes a pre-regeneration process that is a process of raising a temperature of a filter to a second target temperature lower than a first target temperature and increasing the concentration of NO2 contained in exhaust gas flowing into the filter for a predetermined period. An execution time of the filter regeneration process when a physical quantity that correlates with a speed of change in a detected value of a differential pressure sensor during execution of the pre-regeneration process is large is shorter than an execution time of the filter regeneration process when the physical quantity is small.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an industrially advantageous production method of 1,4BG, ensuring that generation of THF in the crude 1,4BG can be also suppressed and at the same time, the concentration of 2-(4-hydroxybutoxy)-tetrahydrofuran can be reduced. The present invention relates to a method for producing 1,4-butanediol, comprising heating crude 1,4-butanediol containing from 0.01 to 0.5 wt % of 2-(4-hydroxybutoxy)-tetrahydrofuran and from 1 to 25 wt % of water at 80° C. or more in the presence of an amine to obtain purified 1,4-butanediol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a hydride having a carbon number of 4, comprising contacting, in liquid phase, an unsaturated compound having a carbon number of 4 as a raw material with a solid catalyst obtained by loading a metal element belonging to Groups 9 to 11 of the long periodic table on a support, thereby performing hydrogenation to produce a corresponding hydride having a carbon number of 4, wherein hydrogenation is performed in the presence of, as a solvent, a 1,4-butanediol having a nitrogen component concentration of 1 ppm by weight to 1 wt % in terms of nitrogen atom.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control system for an internal combustion engine, before execution of a filter regeneration process, executes a pre-regeneration process that is a process of raising a temperature of a filter to a second target temperature lower than a first target temperature and increasing the concentration of NO2 contained in exhaust gas flowing into the filter for a predetermined period. The first target temperature during execution of the filter regeneration process in the case where a speed of change in a detected value of a differential pressure sensor during execution of the pre-regeneration process is high is set so as to be lower than the first target temperature in the case where the speed of change is low.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control system for an internal combustion engine, before execution of a filter regeneration process, executes a pre-regeneration process that is a process of raising a temperature of a filter to a second target temperature lower than a first target temperature and increasing the concentration of NO2 contained in exhaust gas flowing into the filter for a predetermined period. An execution time of the filter regeneration process when a physical quantity that correlates with a speed of change in a detected value of a differential pressure sensor during execution of the pre-regeneration process is large is shorter than an execution time of the filter regeneration process when the physical quantity is small.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a method for producing tetrahydrofuran including carrying out a dehydration cyclization reaction of 1,4-butanediol in the presence of an acid catalyst having a pKa value of not more than 4 within a reactor, wherein a raw material liquid containing 1,4-butanediol to be provided for the reaction contains from 0.01 to 0.35% by weight of 2-(4-hydroxybutoxy)-tetrahydrofuran and 1 ppm by weight or more and not more than 1,000 ppm by weight of at least one of an amine and an amide in terms of a concentration as converted into a nitrogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a hydride having a carbon number of 4, comprising contacting, in liquid phase, an unsaturated compound having a carbon number of 4 as a raw material with a solid catalyst obtained by loading a metal element belonging to Groups 9 to 11 of the long periodic table on a support, thereby performing hydrogenation to produce a corresponding hydride having a carbon number of 4, wherein hydrogenation is performed in the presence of, as a solvent, a 1,4-butanediol having a nitrogen component concentration of 1 ppm by weight to 1 wt % in terms of nitrogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a hydride having a carbon number of 4, comprising contacting, in liquid phase, an unsaturated compound having a carbon number of 4 as a raw material with a solid catalyst obtained by loading a metal element belonging to Groups 9 to 11 of the long periodic table on a support, thereby performing hydrogenation to produce a corresponding hydride having a carbon number of 4, wherein hydrogenation is performed in the presence of, as a solvent, a 1,4-butanediol having a nitrogen component concentration of 1 ppm by weight to 1 wt % in terms of nitrogen atom.

Abstract: A 1,4-butanediol-containing composition having high thermal stability as compared with conventional 1,4BG, and a 1,4-butanediol-containing composition having a concentration of 1,4-butanediol of 99.00% by weight or more and not more than 99.99% by weight and containing an amide compound in a concentration, as converted into a nitrogen atom, of from 1.0 to 25 ppm by weight.

Abstract: A 1,4-butanediol (1,4BG)-containing composition having high thermal stability, and having a concentration of 1,4-butanediol of 99.00% by weight or more and not more than 99.99% by weight and 2-pyrrolidone or N-methylpyrrolidone in a concentration, as converted into a nitrogen atom, of from 1.0 to 25 ppm by weight.

Abstract: A document feeding device has: a document placement stand on which documents of different sizes can be placed; a conveying section separating, one-by-one, documents of a document stack placed on the document placement stand, and conveying a separated document to a discharging section; a first document width sensing unit sensing a maximum document width of the document stack placed on the document placement stand; a second document width sensing unit sensing a document width of a document separated from the document placement stand by the conveying section; and a controller that, in a case in which a mixed size document mode that permits conveying of documents of different sizes is not set, causes the conveying section to restartably interrupt conveying of the document when the maximum document width sensed by the first document width sensing unit and the document width sensed by the second document width sensing unit differ.

Abstract: The present invention is aimed to provide a 1,4-butanediol-containing composition having high thermal stability as compared with conventional 1,4BG, and the present invention is concerned with a 1,4-butanediol-containing composition having a concentration of 1,4-butanediol of 99.00% by weight or more and not more than 99.99% by weight and containing an amide compound in a concentration, as converted into a nitrogen atom, of from 1.0 to 50 ppm by weight.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a method for producing tetrahydrofuran including carrying out a dehydration cyclization reaction of 1,4-butanediol in the presence of an acid catalyst having a pKa value of not more than 4 within a reactor, wherein a raw material liquid containing 1,4-butanediol to be provided for the reaction contains from 0.01 to 0.35% by weight of 2-(4-hydroxybutoxy)-tetrahydrofuran and 1 ppm by weight or more and not more than 1,000 ppm by weight of at least one of an amine and an amide in terms of a concentration as converted into a nitrogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a hydride having a carbon number of 4, comprising contacting, in liquid phase, an unsaturated compound having a carbon number of 4 as a raw material with a solid catalyst obtained by loading a metal element belonging to Groups 9 to 11 of the long periodic table on a support, thereby performing hydrogenation to produce a corresponding hydride having a carbon number of 4, wherein hydrogenation is performed in the presence of, as a solvent, a 1,4-butanediol having a nitrogen component concentration of 1 ppm by weight to 1 wt % in terms of nitrogen atom.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an industrially advantageous production method of 1,4BG, ensuring that generation of THF in the crude 1,4BG can be also suppressed and at the same time, the concentration of 2-(4-hydroxybutoxy)-tetrahydrofuran can be reduced. The present invention relates to a method for producing 1,4-butanediol, comprising heating crude 1,4-butanediol containing from 0.01 to 0.5 wt % of 2-(4-hydroxybutoxy)-tetrahydrofuran and from 1 to 25 wt % of water at 80° C. or more in the presence of an amine to obtain purified 1,4-butanediol.

Abstract: A replaceable unit includes a feeding roller that feeds a sheet from a sheet accommodation portion that accommodates the sheet; a conveyance roller that conveys the sheet fed by the feeding roller downstream; a first frame body that supports the feeding roller and the conveyance roller so as to be rotatable; and a second frame body that supports the first frame body so as to be movable and is removably mounted at a position at which the feeding roller can touch against the sheet accommodated at the sheet accommodation portion.

Abstract: The sheet transport apparatus comprise a sheet supply tray, a separation roll, a support body and a separation roll accommodation portion. The sheet supply tray has a plurality of sheets. The separation roll separates out the sheets one by one by applying a transport resistance to the sheets transported from the sheet supply tray. The support body rotatably supports the separation roll. The separation roll accommodation portion is formed in a transport path along which the sheets are transported, and it accommodates the separation roll and the support body such that they may be detached from a transport surface side of the transport path.