Abstract: A novel method of very efficiently elevating the yield of oligosacchrides containing ?-galactosyl, compared with the conventional methods, which comprises treating galactose or a galactose-containing material with a specific ?-galactosidase and thus performing a dehydrocondensation reaction at a high substrate concentration. Anti-candida compositions originating in foods, having a high safety and excellent anti-candida effect and not being restricted in the supply, which contain as the active ingredient oligosacchrides obtained by treating galactose or a galactose-containing material with an ?-galactosidase and thus performing a dehydrocondensation.

Abstract: Provided is a process, by which glucuronic acid and/or glucuronolactone can be produced in high yield, at low cost, in an easy manner and in safe. Also provided is a process for production of glucuronic acid and/or glucuronolactone which is characterized in that sucrose is oxidized to give sucrose carboxylic acid (and a salt thereof) (glucuronyl-fructoside, ?-D-fructosyl-(2?1)-?-D-glucuronic acid and a salt thereof), yeast is added so as to hydrolyze fructose residue of the sucrose carboxylic acid and to assimilate the resulting product, and thus produced glucuronic acid and/or glucuronolactone are/is collected.

Abstract: The present invention establishes a crystalline lactosucrose and provides a process for producing the crystalline lactosucrose or a syrup containing crystalline lactosucrose. Further, the present invention has its object to provide a composition, for example, a food or drink, a cosmetic, a drug or the like containing the crystalline lactosucrose. That is, the present invention provides the crystalline lactosucrose or the syrup containing crystalline lactosucrose, the process for producing the crystalline lactosucrose or the syrup containing crystalline lactosucrose, characterized by crystallizing a crystalline lactosucrose from a solution containing lactosucrose and collecting the crystalline lactosucrose, and the use thereof.

Abstract: It is intended to provide an anti-inflammatory agent made from a highly safe material which can be daily taken as a food, an agent for preventing or ameliorating allergic diseases and a functional food having the above-mentioned effects. The anti-inflammatory agent contains an ?-bond galactooligosaccharide as the active ingredient. The agent for preventing or ameliorating allergic diseases contains an ?-bond galactooligosaccharide as the active ingredient. The functional food contains an ?-bond galactooligosaccharide as the active ingredient. As such ?-bond galactooligosaccharide, use can be made of a product synthesized by the dehydration condensation reaction by ?-galactosidase with the use of galactose or galactose-containing substance as a substrate.

Abstract: In a reaction system having at least two liquid-liquid interfaces between an organic phase of raw material containing a compound(s) to be separated and an aqueous phase of an aqueous solution of inclusion-complexing agent and between that aqueous phase and an organic phase(s) of extraction solvent(s), the compound(s) to be separated is entrapped into the aqueous phase through formation of an inclusion complex(es) of the inclusion-complexing agent with the compound(s), while the compound(s) is entrapped into the organic phase(s) of extraction solvent(s) through dissociation of said inclusion complex(es). The foregoing operation is performed using, for example, a squarish U-shaped tube or an H-shaped tube with bottom plates. Preferred examples of inclusion-complexing agent include highly water-soluble branched cyclodextrins.

Abstract: A novel method of very efficiently elevating the yield of oligosacchrides containing &agr;-galactosyl, compared with the conventional methods, which comprises treating galactose or a galactose-containing material with a specific &agr;-galactosidase and thus performing a dehydrocondensation reaction at a high substrate concentration.

Abstract: In a reaction system having at least two liquid-liquid interfaces between an organic phase of raw material containing a compound(s) to be separated and an aqueous phase of an aqueous solution of inclusion-complexing agent and between that aqueous phase and an organic phase(s) of extraction solvent(s), the compound(s) to be separated is entrapped into the aqueous phase through formation of an inclusion complex(es) of the inclusion-complexing agent with the compound(s), while the compound(s) is entrapped into the organic phase(s) of extraction solvent(s) through dissociation of said inclusion complex(es). The foregoing operation is performed using, for example, a squarish U-shaped tube or an H-shaped tube with bottom plates. Preferred examples of inclusion-complexing agent include highly water-soluble branched cyclodextrins.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to develop baccatin derivatives useful for preparing taxoid compounds such as paclitaxel and a process for the producing the same. The invention provides baccatin derivatives represented by the general formula (I) as well as a process for producing baccatin derivatives represented by the general formula (I) above, which comprises allowing a baccatin represented by the general formula (II) to react with a &bgr;-ketoester in the absence of a catalyst or in the presence of a tin compound or an amine base, preferably under reduced pressure.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to develop galactose or mannose derivatives of docetaxel, etc. having improved solubility and physiological activity, to alleviate burden imposed on patients and to provide effective therapeutic drug for tumors. The present invention provides taxoid derivatives comprising any of paclitaxel, docetaxel and 10-deacetyl-baccatin III to which galactose or mannose is linked through a spacer, and methods for producing taxoid derivatives comprising reacting paclitaxel, docetaxel or 10-deacetyl-baccatin III with tetrabenzyl acetyloxygalactoside or tetrabenzyl acetyloxymannoside, subjecting the product to debenzylation reaction, and optionally to detriethylsilylation reaction.

Abstract: A &bgr;-fructofuranosidase gene coding for a protein having an amino acid sequence described in Seq. I.D. No. 1 in the Sequence Listing. The gene enables production of &bgr;-fructofuranosidase on a large scale more easily and less dependently on the productivity of microorganisms than the production by cultivation of the microorganisms. Also, the &bgr;-fructofuranosidase gene is useful for the development of variant enzymes that have increased heat resistance and transfer ratio by means of genetic engineering techniques.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus comprises a processing section having a plurality of process units for applying a series of processes including a resist coating to a processing substrate, a developing process to an exposed substrate, and an etching to the developed processing substrate, a main transferring mechanism, moving along a transferring path, for transferring/receiving the processing substrate to/from the respective process units, and a loading/unloading portion having a transferring/receiving mechanism for transferring/receiving the processing substrate to/from the main transferring apparatus, wherein these process units, the transferring path, and the loading/unloading portion are integrally provided.

Abstract: A taxoid compound represented by general formula (I) ##STR1## where the symbols R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, Bz, and Ac have specified meanings. Also, a method for producing the taxoid derivative from a baccatin derivative having a .beta.-ketoester group at the 13-position by transesterification and a method for producing taxoid compound such as paclitaxel from the taxoid derivative under mild condition are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are ursodeoxycholic acid derivatives having an increased solubility in water, and methods for producing the derivatives. To produce the derivatives, ursodeoxycholic acid is protected at its carboxyl group with a benzyl group, then reacted with tetrabenzyl-acetic acid-oxyglucoside of the following formula (1), and de-benzylated; or ursodeoxycholic acid is protected at its hydroxyl group with a t-butyldimethylsilyl group, then reacted with tetrabenzyl-2-hydroxyethyloxyglucoside of the following formula (2), and de-t-butyldimethylsilylated and de-benzylated.

Abstract: A sugar derivative wherein a hydroxy-carboxylic acid is combined to a position 1 of a sugar via ether linkage, and other hydroxyl groups are protected with a protective groups. A method of producing the sugar derivative, comprises allowing glycolic ester to react with a compound so as to combine said glycolic ester at the position 1 of the sugar skeleton, and then saponifying, said compound has on the position 1 any of hydroxyl group, halogen atom and sulfur atom with a substitutent group, and has other hydroxyl groups being protected with a protective groups.

Abstract: A taxoid derivative wherein sugar is combined with any one of paclitaxel, docetaxel and 10-deacetyl-bacatin III via a spacer. A method of producing the taxoid derivative comprises protecting hydroxyl groups at specific position of paclitaxel or docetaxel by protective compound followed by reacting with tetrabenzyl acetyloxyglucoside, and then carrying out debenzyl and detriethylsilyl reactions. A method of producing the taxoid derivative comprises reacting paclitaxel or docetaxel with tetrabenzyl acetyloxyglucoside, and then carrying out debenzyl reaction.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel branched cyclodextrins having any of an N-acetylglucosamine group, a glucosaminyl group, an N-acetylgalactosaminyl group and a galactosaminyl group as bonded to the hydroxyl group of the cyclodextrin ring by .beta.-bonding therebetween, and their salts. The novel branched cyclodextrins are produced by reacting a solution containing a cyclodextrin and an N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetylgalactosamine with an N-acetylhexosaminidase, and optionally deacetylating the resulting product.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a ribbon cassette for use with a printer, including a cassette case detachably mounted in the printer and an ink ribbon stored in the cassette case and partially exposed to face a print head provided in the printer. The ribbon cassette further includes a ribbon take-up member rotatably supported in the cassette case, a driven member rotatably supported in the cassette case and meshing with the ribbon take-up member through the ink ribbon, and a power transmitting member provided in the ribbon take-up member to connect the ribbon take-up member to a ribbon driving shaft provided in the printer. A breaking strength of the power transmitting member against a load from the ink ribbon is set smaller than that of the ribbon driving shaft. Accordingly, in the event that ribbon jam occurs, the power transmitting member breaks to thereby prevent fracture of the ribbon driving shaft in the printer.

Abstract: A multi-color ribbon cassette position adjusting apparatus comprises a carrier having a print head, a cassette mounting member rockably supported on the carrier, and a fine adjustment mechanism attached to the cassette mounting member, for finely rocking the mounting member. The fine adjustment mechanism includes a guide member fixed to the cassette mounting member, a follower piece guided by the guide member to engage a helical cam for shifting the position of the cassette mounting member, and a position adjusting member for relatively moving the guide member and the follower piece.

Abstract: The lactosucrose high-content powder according to the present invention is prepared by allowing an aqueous solution containing sucrose and lactose to act on a saccharidetransferring enzyme, removing concomitant saccharides in the resultant saccharide solution containing lactosucrose to obtain a solution having a high concentration of lactosucrose, i.e. lactosucrose content of 45 w/w % or more of the sugar composition, and spraydrying the resultant solution to obtain a powder having a high concentration of lactosucrose. The powder is incorporated in an orally- or parenterally-administrable product to obtain an orally- or parenterally-administrable product which exerts a selective growth-promoting-effect on a microorganism of the genus Bifidobacterium in vivo.

Abstract: A paper width of a sheet of paper is input into a paper width setting section. In case of defining a non-print area at a fore end of the paper, a paper bail roller is manually separated from a platen to output a detection signal A from a paper bail switch. In this case, a paper feeding motor is controlled to be driven by a control device, thereby feeding the paper until the fore end of the paper reaches the paper bail roller. On the other hand, in case of starting printing from the fore end of the paper, an operating section is operated to output a command signal B therefrom.