Abstract: An infrared detector comprises: first and second container members bonded to each other along an annular bonding portion to define a vacuum-sealed inner space, where the second container member has an infrared-transmissive property; an infrared detecting element disposed in the inner space; a first annular metallization layer formed on the bonding portion of the first container member; a second annular metallization layer formed on the bonding portion of the second container member; a solder metal for air-tightly bonding the first metallization layer and the second metallization layer; and a third metallization layer formed in a vicinity of one of the first and second metallization layers such that the third metallization layer overlaps the other of the first and second metallization layers at least partly.

Abstract: In an infrared detector package, a first annular metallized layer (6a, 6b) is formed along the annular shoulder (4a) of a casing member (4), and a second annular metallized layer (7) is formed along the annular mating surface of a window member (5). Brazing material (8) is integrally interposed between the first and second metallized layers. At least one of the first and second annular metallized layers comprises a mutually separated concentric portions (6a, 6b), and the brazing material extends across the two mutually separated concentric portions. During the manufacturing process, brazing material is deposited on one of the two mutually separated concentric portions, and is allowed to flow along the opposing metallized surface until the brazing material reaches the other of the two mutually separated concentric portions.

Abstract: An infrared detector comprises: first and second container members bonded to each other along an annular bonding portion to define a vacuum-sealed inner space, where the second container member has an infrared-transmissive property; an infrared detecting element disposed in the inner space; a first annular metallization layer formed on the bonding portion of the first container member; a second annular metallization layer formed on the bonding portion of the second container member; a solder metal for air-tightly bonding the first metallization layer and the second metallization layer; and a third metallization layer formed in a vicinity of one of the first and second metallization layers such that the third metallization layer overlaps the other of the first and second metallization layers at least partly.

Abstract: In an infrared detector package, a first annular metallized layer (6a, 6b) is formed along the annular shoulder (4a) of a casing member (4), and a second annular metallized layer (7) is formed along the annular mating surface of a window member (5). Brazing material (8) is integrally interposed between the first and second metallized layers. At least one of the first and second annular metallized layers comprises a mutually separated concentric portions (6a, 6b), and the brazing material extends across the two mutually separated concentric portions. During the manufacturing process, brazing material is deposited on one of the two mutually separated concentric portions, and is allowed to flow along the opposing metallized surface until the brazing material reaches the other of the two mutually separated concentric portions.

Abstract: An X-ray generating device comprises a focal electrode (10) placed adjacent to the cathode (9) and provided with a focal aperture (10a) aligning with the cathode. A positive voltage is applied to the focal electrode relative to the cathode so that equipotential lines around the focal aperture may bulge toward the X-ray target (2). Thereby, the part of the electron beam having a large diverging angle is captured by the focal electrode, and only the part of the electron beam having a uniform diverging angle is allowed to pass through the focal aperture so that the electron beam can be favorably micro focused upon the X-ray target and can be given with a high intensity.

Abstract: A continuous process for the preparation of polymer compositions having low volatile content which comprises passing a styrene polymer-containing polymerization fluid composition obtained by solution polymerization or bulk polymerization through a volatile component separator comprising vertical foaming preheaters and vacuum vessels directly connected therewith and thereby removing volatile components continuously from the polymerization fluid composition in three stages to obtain a polymer composition having low volatile content, the process being characterized in that each of three stages includes at least one vertical foaming preheater and one vacuum vessel, the first stage is carried out under such pressure and temperature conditions that the polymerization fluid composition leaving this stage contains said styrene polymer in an amount of 60 to 80% by weight and the temperature of the polymerization fluid composition passing through this stage lies between 70.degree. and 120.degree. C.

Abstract: An image tube comprises a conductive film along the inside surface of an insulating tube extending axially of the image tube between a photoelectric cathode and a fluorescent anode. The conductive film should be electrically connected to the photoelectric cathode and have an axial length between 1/2 and 3/4 of that of the insulating tube. The conductive film may be formed along the outside surface of the insulating tube and either together with or without a conventional semi-insulating layer formed along the inside surface of the insulating tube.