Abstract: An adhesive layer is formed by cross-linking an adhesive composition containing: a polyester resin that is a copolymer of a polycarboxylic acid and a polyalcohol; a cross-linking agent; and at least one cross-linking catalyst selected from the group consisting of an organic zirconium compound, an organic iron compound, and an organic aluminum compound, the adhesive layer having a gel fraction of 40% or more after being retained at a temperature of 85° C. and a relative humidity of 85% for 300 hours, and having a 180° peel adhesive strength of 100 mN/20 mm or more with respect to a PMMA film.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a novel process for producing 1,1-diphenylalkenes, comprising contacting lead peroxide with 1,1-diphenylalkanes having the structure wherein a nitrogen atom of a tertiary amino group is bonded to the para-position of each of the two benzene rings of the 1,1-diphenylalkane, thereby obtaining the corresponding 1,1-diphenylalkenes.

Abstract: A pierce nut has a plurality of projections which are integrally formed with a cylindrical body of the pierce nut. When the pierce nut is pressed against a metal sheet laid on a back-up die, an opening is formed in the metal sheet only by shearing force between the pierce nut and the back-up die, with no other force being used to press-break the metal sheet, and the projections are deformed by an annular bank portion of the back-up die at different portions thereof each time the back-up die is used. Thus, the use of the present pierce nut in combination with the present back-up die remarkably extends the life of the back-up die.