Abstract: An example of a system for use in collecting fluid from a gas stream includes one or more collection panels and a frame for arranging the panel(s). Each of the collection panel(s) may comprise an emitter electrode assembly member, comprising one or more emitter electrodes, physically attached to an electrically insulated from a fluid collection member comprising one or more collection electrodes. The frame may be sized and shaped to be disposed near a gas outlet or a duct. An example of a method for collecting fluid from a gas stream includes providing the collection panel(s) disposed in a path of the gas stream; providing the gas stream; generating and maintaining a voltage at the one or more emitter electrodes of each of the collection panel(s); and collecting an amount of the fluid from the gas stream with the one or more collection panels.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to articles and methods for forming liquid surface films on the interior surfaces of containers for holding one or more products comprising one or more Bingham plastic materials. Bingham plastic materials behave as a solid under no or low shear stress, and behave as viscous liquids when an applied shear stress exceeds a yield stress. In some embodiments, a container for containing a product includes an interior surface and a liquid disposed on the interior surface. Before introduction of a product into a container, the liquid may be surrounded by air. The liquid-air interface in contact with the interior surface makes a contact angle, ?os(a), with respect to the interior surface of the container, of about 0°. After a product has been introduced to the container, the liquid is at least partially covered by the product. The liquid-product interface in contact with the interior surface, makes a contact angle, ?os(p), with respect to the interior surface, of less about 60°.

Abstract: Embodiments, described herein relate generally to devices, systems, apparatus, and methods for producing lubricious surfaces that increase the ease of communication of viscous liquids across the same. The apparatus can include a container having an inner surface and a lubricating liquid disposed on a surface, the lubricating liquid including a surfactant. In some embodiments, a sprayer hub can rotate about a center axis and deliver the lubricating liquid to the inner surface. In some embodiments, a contact liquid can fill at least a portion of the container. In some embodiments, the surfactant can be an amphiphilic molecule that is substantially immiscible with the lubricating liquid and at least partially miscible with the contact liquid. In some embodiments, the surfactant can form a barrier at an interface between the lubricating liquid and the contact liquid.

Abstract: An example of a system for use in collecting fluid from a gas stream includes one or more collection panels and a frame for arranging the panel(s). Each of the collection panel(s) may comprise an emitter electrode assembly member, comprising one or more emitter electrodes, physically attached to an electrically insulated from a fluid collection member comprising one or more collection electrodes. The frame may be sized and shaped to be disposed near a gas outlet or a duct. An example of a method for collecting fluid from a gas stream includes providing the collection panel(s) disposed in a path of the gas stream; providing the gas stream; generating and maintaining a voltage at the one or more emitter electrodes of each of the collection panel(s); and collecting an amount of the fluid from the gas stream with the one or more collection panels.

Abstract: An example of a system for use in collecting fluid from a gas stream includes one or more collection panels and a frame for arranging the panel(s). Each of the collection panel(s) may comprise an emitter electrode assembly member, comprising one or more emitter electrodes, physically attached to an electrically insulated from a fluid collection member comprising one or more collection electrodes. The frame may be sized and shaped to be disposed near a gas outlet or a duct. An example of a method for collecting fluid from a gas stream includes providing the collection panel(s) disposed in a path of the gas stream; providing the gas stream; generating and maintaining a voltage at the one or more emitter electrodes of each of the collection panel(s); and collecting an amount of the fluid from the gas stream with the one or more collection panels.

Abstract: An example of a species collection system includes a plurality of spaced-apart electrically conductive collectors and a plurality of emitter electrodes. In some embodiments, at least one emitter electrode is disposed between adjacent ones of the collectors. In some embodiments, the at least one emitter electrode extends beyond the collectors (e.g., in at least one dimension). Collectors may be aligned to a direction of gas flow from an outlet (e.g., of a cooling tower) to facilitate collection while minimizing interference with the gas flow. Different emitter electrodes may be maintained at different voltages. In some embodiments, collectors are attached to a collector frame and emitter electrodes are attached to emitter frame(s) that are electrically insulated from the collector frame. Collectors may span a gas outlet (e.g., of a cooling tower) and emitter frame(s) may be positioned outside of the collectors (e.g., and outside of a periphery of the gas outlet).

Abstract: An example of a species collection system includes a plurality of spaced-apart electrically conductive collectors and a plurality of emitter electrodes. In some embodiments, at least one emitter electrode is disposed between adjacent ones of the collectors. In some embodiments, the at least one emitter electrode extends beyond the collectors (e.g., in at least one dimension). Collectors may be aligned to a direction of gas flow from an outlet (e.g., of a cooling tower) to facilitate collection while minimizing interference with the gas flow. Different emitter electrodes may be maintained at different voltages. In some embodiments, collectors are attached to a collector frame and emitter electrodes are attached to emitter frame(s) that are electrically insulated from the collector frame. Collectors may span a gas outlet (e.g., of a cooling tower) and emitter frame(s) may be positioned outside of the collectors (e.g., and outside of a periphery of the gas outlet).

Abstract: An example of a panel for use in collecting fluid in a gas stream includes a fluid collection member comprising one or more collection electrodes. The panel may include an emitter electrode assembly member comprising an emitter electrode frame and one or more emitter electrodes attached to the emitter electrode frame (e.g., disposed in a one- or two-dimensional array). The one or more emitter electrodes may be physically separated from the one or more collection electrodes. The fluid collection member may be physically connected to the emitter electrode assembly member. The one or more collection electrodes may be electrically insulated from the one or more emitter electrodes.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to articles and methods for forming liquid surface films on the interior surfaces of containers for holding one or more products comprising one or more Bingham plastic materials. Bingham plastic materials behave as a solid under no or low shear stress, and behave as viscous liquids when an applied shear stress exceeds a yield stress. In some embodiments, a container for containing a product includes an interior surface and a liquid disposed on the interior surface. Before introduction of a product into a container, the liquid may be surrounded by air. The liquid-air interface in contact with the interior surface makes a contact angle, ?os(a), with respect to the interior surface of the container, of about 0°. After a product has been introduced to the container, the liquid is at least partially covered by the product. The liquid-product interface in contact with the interior surface, makes a contact angle, ?os(p), with respect to the interior surface, of less about 60°.

Abstract: An example of a species collection system includes a plurality of spaced-apart electrically conductive collectors and a plurality of emitter electrodes. In some embodiments, at least one emitter electrode is disposed between adjacent ones of the collectors. In some embodiments, the at least one emitter electrode extends beyond the collectors (e.g., in at least one dimension). Collectors may be aligned to a direction of gas flow from an outlet (e.g., of a cooling tower) to facilitate collection while minimizing interference with the gas flow. Different emitter electrodes may be maintained at different voltages. In some embodiments, collectors are attached to a collector frame and emitter electrodes are attached to emitter frame(s) that are electrically insulated from the collector frame. Collectors may span a gas outlet (e.g., of a cooling tower) and emitter frame(s) may be positioned outside of the collectors (e.g., and outside of a periphery of the gas outlet).

Abstract: An example of a system for use in collecting fluid from a gas stream includes one or more collection panels and a frame for arranging the panel(s). Each of the collection panel(s) may comprise an emitter electrode assembly member, comprising one or more emitter electrodes, physically attached to an electrically insulated from a fluid collection member comprising one or more collection electrodes. The frame may be sized and shaped to be disposed near a gas outlet or a duct. An example of a method for collecting fluid from a gas stream includes providing the collection panel(s) disposed in a path of the gas stream; providing the gas stream; generating and maintaining a voltage at the one or more emitter electrodes of each of the collection panel(s); and collecting an amount of the fluid from the gas stream with the one or more collection panels.

Abstract: An example of a panel for use in collecting fluid in a gas stream includes a fluid collection member comprising one or more collection electrodes. The panel may include an emitter electrode assembly member comprising an emitter electrode frame and one or more emitter electrodes attached to the emitter electrode frame (e.g., disposed in a one- or two-dimensional array). The one or more emitter electrodes may be physically separated from the one or more collection electrodes. The fluid collection member may be physically connected to the emitter electrode assembly member. The one or more collection electrodes may be electrically insulated from the one or more emitter electrodes.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to articles and methods for forming liquid surface films on the interior surfaces of containers for holding one or more products comprising one or more Bingham plastic materials. Bingham plastic materials behave as a solid under no or low shear stress, and behave as viscous liquids when an applied shear stress exceeds a yield stress. In some embodiments, a container for containing a product includes an interior surface and a liquid disposed on the interior surface. Before introduction of a product into a container, the liquid may be surrounded by air. The liquid-air interface in contact with the interior surface makes a contact angle, ?os(a), with respect to the interior surface of the container, of about 0°. After a product has been introduced to the container, the liquid is at least partially covered by the product. The liquid-product interface in contact with the interior surface, makes a contact angle, ?os(p), with respect to the interior surface, of less about 60°.

Abstract: Embodiments, described herein relate generally to devices, systems, and methods for producing lubricious surfaces with enhanced durability and which increase the ease of communication of viscous liquids across the same. The system can include a liquid-encapsulated surface including a substrate, a member coupled to the substrate, and an encapsulating liquid disposed on a surface of the member. In some embodiments, the surface of the member can have a chemistry such that the encapsulating liquid preferentially wets the surface and maintains lubricity in the presence of a contacting phase. In some embodiments, the encapsulating liquid can be substantially immiscible with the contacting phase, and/or can have a thickness of less than about 200 microns and/or can have a receding contact angle of less than 20 degrees in the presence of the contacting phase, in some embodiments, a liquid delivery mechanism can be configured to transfer the encapsulating liquid to the member.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a method of producing a liquid-impregnated surface includes forming a solid particle suspension including a plurality of solid particles with an average dimension of between about 5 nm and about 200 ?m. The solid particle suspension is applied to a surface by spray-depositing the solid particle suspension onto the surface. An impregnating liquid is also applied to the surface. The plurality of solid particles and the impregnating liquid collectively form a liquid-impregnated surface. The impregnating liquid can be applied after the solid particle suspension is applied, or the solid particle suspension can include the impregnating liquid, such that the solid particle suspension and the impregnating liquid are concurrently spray-deposited onto the surface.

Abstract: Embodiments, described herein relate generally to devices, systems, and methods for producing lubricious surfaces with enhanced durability and which increase the ease of communication of viscous liquids across the same. The system can include a liquid-encapsulated surface including a substrate, a member coupled to the substrate, and an encapsulating liquid disposed on a surface of the member. In some embodiments, the surface of the member can have a chemistry such that the encapsulating liquid preferentially wets the surface and maintains lubricity in the presence of a contacting phase. In some embodiments, the encapsulating liquid can be substantially immiscible with the contacting phase, and/or can have a thickness of less than about 200 microns and/or can have a receding contact angle of less than 20 degrees in the presence of the contacting phase. In some embodiments, a liquid delivery mechanism can be configured to transfer the encapsulating liquid to the member.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention include a pagophobic coating assembly including a wick layer coupled an outer layer. The wick layer includes a fluid reservoir with an antifreeze material. The wick can be a hydrophilic or superhydrophilic material, and the outer layer can include a superhydrophobic or omniphobic material. In some embodiments, the wick includes a nylon-based polymer, and the outer layer includes a silicone or siloxane based polymer. In some embodiments of the invention, the antifreeze material includes an alkylene glycol. In some embodiments, the wick layer can enable the antifreeze material to migrate from the wick layer into the outer layer, and the outer layer is configured to enable the antifreeze to migrate to the upper surface of the outer layer. Some embodiments include an article of manufacture including the pagophobic coating assembly. Some further embodiments of the invention include a method of forming the pagophobic coating assembly.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a method of producing a liquid-impregnated surface includes forming a solid particle suspension including a plurality of solid particles with an average dimension of between about 5 nm and about 200 ?m. The solid particle suspension is applied to a surface by spray-depositing the solid particle suspension onto the surface. An impregnating liquid is also applied to the surface. The plurality of solid particles and the impregnating liquid collectively form a liquid-impregnated surface. The impregnating liquid can be applied after the solid particle suspension is applied, or the solid particle suspension can include the impregnating liquid, such that the solid particle suspension and the impregnating liquid are concurrently spray-deposited onto the surface.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to articles and methods for forming liquid surface films on the interior surfaces of containers for holding one or more products comprising one or more Bingham plastic materials. Bingham plastic materials behave as a solid under no or low shear stress, and behave as viscous liquids when an applied shear stress exceeds a yield stress. In some embodiments, a container for containing a product includes an interior surface and a liquid disposed on the interior surface. Before introduction of a product into a container, the liquid may be surrounded by air. The liquid-air interface in contact with the interior surface makes a contact angle, ?os(a), with respect to the interior surface of the container, of about 0°. After a product has been introduced to the container, the liquid is at least partially covered by the product. The liquid-product interface in contact with the interior surface, makes a contact angle, ?os(p), with respect to the interior surface, of less about 60®.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate generally to devices, systems and methods for producing liquid impregnated surfaces with enhanced durability. In some embodiments, a liquid-impregnated surface includes a first surface having a first roll off angle. A plurality of solid features are disposed on the first surface, such that a plurality of interstitial regions are defined between the plurality of solid features. An impregnating liquid is disposed in the interstitial regions. Furthermore, the interstitial regions are dimension and configured such that that the surface remains impregnated by the impregnating liquid. The impregnating liquid disposed in the interstitial regions defines a second surface which has a second roll off angle less than the first roll off angle. The apparatus also includes a liquid delivery mechanism configured to transfer the impregnating liquid to the interstitial regions.