Abstract: Smart tolling for vehicles is provided. A toll advertisement message (TAM) is received by a vehicle, broadcast from a road-side unit (RSU) via V2X communication, the TAM defining a plurality of toll road tariff data elements, each of the toll road tariff data elements specifying a set of tolling factors indexed by a unique toll context identifier. Roadway usage of the vehicle is determined. A charge for the roadway usage is determined according to the set of tolling factors of the TAM. A toll usage message (TUM) is sent via the V2X communication, the TUM indicating, to the RSU, the tariff for the roadway usage of the vehicle.

Abstract: Toll advertisement messages (TAMs) are broadcast via V2X communication, each of the TAMs indicating geographic locations of lanes of a roadway for which tolls are due and cost information for traversing the lanes of the roadway. A tolling usage message (TUM) is received via the V2X communication, the TUM indicating, to a roadside unit (RSU), information regarding a vehicle entering one of the lanes of the roadway and a unique random account identifier to be used by the RSU to identify the vehicle. A toll receipt message (TRM) is broadcast via the V2X communication, the TRM including the unique random account identifier and indicating, to the vehicle, a final cost charged to the vehicle for access to the one of the lanes of the roadway.

Abstract: A toll advertisement message is received, via a V2X transceiver of a vehicle, defining a metered zone in which tolls are charged. Input data indicative of a current position of the vehicle with respect to the metered zone is determined. A state machine is utilized to determine tolled roadway usage of the vehicle according to the metered zone and the current position. A toll usage message indicative of the tolled roadway usage is provided via the V2X transceiver.

Abstract: A toll advertisement message (TAM) broadcast from a roadside unit (RSU) is received by a vehicle via V2X communication, the TAM indicating geographic locations of lanes of a roadway for which tolls are due and cost information for traversing the lanes of the roadway. A heading of the vehicle is determined in relation to a TAM reference point indicating a geographic location of a toll gantry. A toll zone boundary region for the vehicle is identified by filtering the geographic locations of the lanes in the TAM to include only those lanes in a travel direction consistent with the heading. A lane straddling algorithm is utilized to identify, for each of the lanes in the travel direction, a respective percentage within each lane that the vehicle is traveling. A tolling usage message (TUM) is sent via the V2X communication, indicating to the RSU the percentage lane usage of the vehicle.

Abstract: A toll advertisement message (TAM) broadcast from a roadside unit (RSU) is received by a vehicle via V2X communication, the TAM indicating geographic locations of lanes of a roadway for which tolls are due and cost information for traversing the lanes of the roadway. A heading of the vehicle is determined in relation to a TAM reference point indicating a geographic location of a toll gantry. A toll zone boundary region for the vehicle is identified by filtering the geographic locations of the lanes in the TAM to include only those lanes in a travel direction consistent with the heading. A lane straddling algorithm is utilized to identify, for each of the lanes in the travel direction, a respective percentage within each lane that the vehicle is traveling. A tolling usage message (TUM) is sent via the V2X communication, indicating to the RSU the percentage lane usage of the vehicle.

Abstract: An on-board unit of a vehicle includes first and second transceivers.

Abstract: A computer includes a processor and a memory storing instructions executable by the processor to determine that a vehicle is present at a site based on a comparison of sequentially received values for a plurality of parameters related to the vehicle with an ordered sequence of ranges for the parameters, and perform an operation upon determining that the vehicle is present at the site.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are directed to increasing the accuracy of vehicle positioning. Example methods may include transmitting, by an on-board unit, a message including a motion information associated with the vehicle; determining, by a processor, a signal comprising modulating radiation, the signal identifying the vehicle; receiving, by the on-board unit, an additional message, the additional message including location information and a timestamp; and determining a location of the vehicle based on the location information.

Abstract: A toll advertisement message (TAM) broadcast from a roadside unit of a roadway is received. The TAM may include a public key of a toll charger cloud. Responsive to receipt of the TAM, a tolling usage message (TUM) is sent. The TUM may include information encrypted with a public key of a toll service provider, information encrypted with the public key of the toll charger cloud, and a public key of the telematics control unit. Responsive to broadcast of the TUM, a toll usage message acknowledgement (TUM-ACK message. A toll receipt message (TRM) is also received. The TRM is encrypted with the public key of the telematics control unit. The TRM is decrypted using a private key of the telematics control unit corresponding to the public key of the telematics control unit.

Abstract: A road-side unit includes a first transceiver configured to communicate using a first vehicle-to-infrastructure protocol and a second transceiver configured to communicate using a second vehicle-to-infrastructure protocol, the first vehicle-to-infrastructure protocol and the second vehicle-to-infrastructure protocol being incompatible with one another. The road-side unit further includes a processor programmed to monitor transmissions from the first and second transceivers, receive an incoming message sent to the processor from the first transceiver, the incoming message being designated for distribution to roadway participants, identify based on the monitored transmissions whether the second transceiver is in communication with devices of roadway participants available to receive outgoing messages, and if so, construct an outgoing message based on the incoming message and send the outgoing message via the second transceiver.

Abstract: An on-board unit of a vehicle includes first and second transceivers.

Abstract: Toll advertisement messages (TAMs) are broadcast via V2X communication, each of the TAMs indicating geographic locations of lanes of a roadway for which tolls are due and cost information for traversing the lanes of the roadway. A tolling usage message (TUM) is received via the V2X communication, the TUM indicating, to a roadside unit (RSU), information regarding a vehicle entering one of the lanes of the roadway and a unique random account identifier to be used by the RSU to identify the vehicle. A toll receipt message (TRM) is broadcast via the V2X communication, the TRM including the unique random account identifier and indicating, to the vehicle, a final cost charged to the vehicle for access to the one of the lanes of the roadway.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments described in this disclosure are generally directed to systems and methods for displaying visual content in an automobile. In an exemplary implementation, an onboard computer of an automobile receives wireless signals from a roadside unit located near the traffic intersection. The wireless signals provide information about how much time is remaining before a traffic light turns from a red state to a green state. The onboard computer uses this information to display visual content on an infotainment system in the automobile as long as the automobile is in a stopped condition. The onboard computer stops displaying the content before the traffic light turns green. In one case, the wireless signals transmitted from the roadside unit include a Signal Phase and Timing (SPaT) signal and a traffic intersection map that provides details about a topography of the traffic intersection.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments described in this disclosure are generally directed to systems and methods for displaying visual content in an automobile. In an exemplary implementation, an onboard computer of an automobile receives wireless signals from a roadside unit located near the traffic intersection. The wireless signals provide information about how much time is remaining before a traffic light turns from a red state to a green state. The onboard computer uses this information to display visual content on an infotainment system in the automobile as long as the automobile is in a stopped condition. The onboard computer stops displaying the content before the traffic light turns green. In one case, the wireless signals transmitted from the roadside unit include a Signal Phase and Timing (SPaT) signal and a traffic intersection map that provides details about a topography of the traffic intersection.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for increasing the accuracy of vehicle positioning. Example methods may include transmitting, by an on-board unit, a message including a motion information associated with the vehicle; determining, by a processor, a signal comprising modulating radiation, the signal identifying the vehicle; receiving, by the on-board unit, an additional message, the additional message including location information and a timestamp; and determining a location of the vehicle based on the location information.

Abstract: A road-side unit includes a first transceiver configured to communicate using a first vehicle-to-infrastructure protocol and a second transceiver configured to communicate using a second vehicle-to-infrastructure protocol, the first vehicle-to-infrastructure protocol and the second vehicle-to-infrastructure protocol being incompatible with one another. The road-side unit further includes a processor programmed to monitor transmissions from the first and second transceivers, receive an incoming message sent to the processor from the first transceiver, the incoming message being designated for distribution to roadway participants, identify based on the monitored transmissions whether the second transceiver is in communication with devices of roadway participants available to receive outgoing messages, and if so, construct an outgoing message based on the incoming message and send the outgoing message via the second transceiver.

Abstract: Vehicle road usage is monitored via vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. From each of a plurality of vehicles via one or more RSUs communicating with vehicles using V2X communication, anonymized data is received indicating routing of the respective vehicle along roadways over time and location. From each of the plurality of vehicles via the one or more RSUs, non-anonymized usage amounts are received indicative of a cost incurred by the respective vehicle for overall usage of the roadway by the respective vehicle, the usage amounts being computed by the respective vehicle according to usage metrics broadcast by the one or more RSUs. Roadway areas of high roadway usage are identified according to the anonymized data. The usage metrics are updated to incentivize alternative routes to routes traversing the roadway areas of high roadway usage. The usage metrics, as updated, are broadcast for receipt by the plurality of vehicles.

Abstract: A system for radio frequency transmission through a window is provided. The system may include a first wireless coupler, a second wireless coupler, and one or more antennas. The first wireless coupler may be attached to a first side of the window and configured to transmit or receive radio frequency signals. The second wireless coupler attached to a second side of the window and aligned with the first wireless coupler. The first wireless coupler may be configured to transmit or receive the radio frequency signals from the first wireless coupler to the second wireless coupler through the window. The one or more antennas may be electrically connected to the second wireless coupler. One or more radios may transmit or receive the radio frequency signals to or from the one or more antennas.

Abstract: A system for vehicle communications is provided. The system may include a processor, a first wireless coupler, and a housing. The processor generates and receives communication messages external to the vehicle. The first wireless coupler being in communication with the processor to transmit the communication messages through a windshield. The housing surrounding and enclosing the processor and the first wireless coupler. The first wireless coupler being aligned with and communicating through the windshield with a second wireless coupler to transmit the communication messages through an integrated or externally connected antenna.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing Lomitapide or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof having high purity with acceptable levels of impurities.