Abstract: A defect detection system includes one or more route optical sensors configured to generate image data depicting an underbody of a vehicle that is on a route. The defect detection system also includes a controller configured to input the image data generated by the one or more route optical sensors into a first machine learning algorithm that determines an area of interest in the image data. The area of interest contains equipment of interest. The controller is configured to input the image data that is within the area of interest into a second machine learning algorithm that detects a defect on the equipment of interest. The controller is configured to perform at least one responsive action based on a type of defect that is detected.

Abstract: A method or process may be provided that includes forming a first sinterable equipment part using a first manufacturing method, and forming a second equipment part using a second manufacturing method. The sinterable first equipment part may then be heated while securing the first equipment part to the second equipment part to form a monolithic equipment part.

Abstract: A fuel supply system is provided that may include a fuel supply that can hold a fuel in a liquid phase, an energy producing assembly that may generate energy (e.g., mechanical energy or work, and/or electric energy) by consuming the fuel from the fuel supply, one or more operating fluid circuits coupled with the energy producing assembly and that can manage an operating temperature of the energy producing assembly by directing operating fluid into and out of the energy producing assembly, and one or more heat exchangers that may control an operating fluid temperature of the operating fluid in the one or more operating fluid circuits using a reduced temperature of the fuel from the fuel supply prior to directing the fuel into the energy producing assembly.

Abstract: A thermal management system includes a plurality of thermal management assemblies. Each of the thermal management assemblies has a monolithic foil structure having a body with an external surface and a differently shaped and opposing internal surface. The external surface forms an outer profile and the internal surface forming an internal conduit with the outer profile and the internal conduit having different shapes. The monolithic foil structure is configured to physically isolate a first fluid flowing along the external surface from a second fluid flowing in the internal conduit. The body is configured to transfer thermal energy between the first fluid flowing along the external surface and the second fluid flowing in the internal conduit.

Abstract: A piston cooling jet is provided that may include a housing having an interior chamber that receives a fluid from an external source, and a conduit coupled with the housing and fluidly coupled with the interior chamber, the conduit having a bent shape to direct the fluid from the interior chamber of the housing toward an underside of an engine piston head. The piston cooling jet may also include a flow straightening nozzle coupled with the conduit and positioned to straighten flow of the fluid exiting from the conduit via the nozzle toward the underside of the engine piston head, the flow straightening nozzle having internal intersecting walls that intersect along a direction of the flow of the fluid in the conduit and out of the flow straightening nozzle.

Abstract: A thermal management system includes a plurality of thermal management assemblies. Each of the thermal management assemblies has a monolithic foil structure having a body with an external surface and a differently shaped and opposing internal surface. The external surface forms an outer profile and the internal surface forming an internal conduit with the outer profile and the internal conduit having different shapes. The monolithic foil structure is configured to physically isolate a first fluid flowing along the external surface from a second fluid flowing in the internal conduit. The body is configured to transfer thermal energy between the first fluid flowing along the external surface and the second fluid flowing in the internal conduit.

Abstract: A piston cooling jet is provided that may include a housing having an interior chamber that receives a fluid from an external source, and a conduit coupled with the housing and fluidly coupled with the interior chamber, the conduit having a bent shape to direct the fluid from the interior chamber of the housing toward an underside of an engine piston head. The piston cooling jet may also include a flow straightening nozzle coupled with the conduit and positioned to straighten flow of the fluid exiting from the conduit via the nozzle toward the underside of the engine piston head, the flow straightening nozzle having internal intersecting walls that intersect along a direction of the flow of the fluid in the conduit and out of the flow straightening nozzle.

Abstract: A method or process may be provided that includes forming a first sinterable equipment part using a first manufacturing method, and forming a second equipment part using a second manufacturing method. The sinterable first equipment part may then be heated while securing the first equipment part to the second equipment part to form a monolithic equipment part.

Abstract: An intelligent personal safety device is disclosed. The intelligent personal safety device is an apparatus removably coupled to a wrist watch customized to function as a personal safety device, by the way of addition of a sensor module, a processor and a communication element, in the form of an integrated circuit into the wrist watch. The integrated circuit is embedded in the strap of the wrist watch. Alternatively, the integrated circuit is embedded in the watch case of the wrist watch. Alternatively, the integrated circuit is built upon the inner portion of the back cover of the wrist watch. The intelligent personal safety device enables a wearer to generate distress signals during an emergency situation and communicates the distress signal to a remote server via any communication device which is in proximity to the intelligent personal safety device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for operating a computer application with spreadsheet functionality. The method comprising receiving one or more inputs in one or more cells by the spreadsheet application, parsing the received inputs for the one or more cells of the spreadsheet, constructing a dependency graph for the one or more parsed input cells, evaluating at least one of the one or more parsed input cells based on one or more criteria in the dependency graph, reconstructing the dependency graph until all of the one or more input cells are evaluated, and returning an output to the spreadsheet application.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for operating a computer application with spreadsheet functionality. The method comprising receiving one or more inputs in one or more cells by the spreadsheet application, parsing the received inputs for the one or more cells of the spreadsheet, constructing a dependency graph for the one or more parsed input cells, evaluating at least one of the one or more parsed input cells based on one or more criteria in the dependency graph, reconstructing the dependency graph until all of the one or more input cells are evaluated, and returning an output to the spreadsheet application.