Abstract: An electro-optical modulating device and method that provides efficient control of the nonlinear propagation constant in an optical waveguide are featured. The electro-optical modulating device provides large wavelength tunability of the generated entangled photon pairs in real-time by using an applied external bias voltage. The electro-optical modulating device uses gate-tunable material at locations near the optical waveguide. The application of an external bias voltage creates a variable field-effect which in turn varies the optical dielectric properties of the waveguide. The result is a compact active, highly efficient wavelength-tunable integrated quantum photonic device for tunable entangled photon pair generation using an external bias voltage.

Abstract: A support structure for placement on or about a subject's head supports an ultrasound transducer array configured to deliver transcranial stimulation to a specified region or regions of the subject's brain using pre-recorded neurostimulation data. The pre-recorded neurostimulation data comprises patterns of stimulation of the specified region or regions of the subject's brain or other person's brain developed to recreate a response by one or more of a sensing organ or sensing organs, a vestibular system, and a memory of the subject. A magnetic sensor array is mounted to the support structure and configured to transcranially sense local magnetic fields emanating from the specified region or regions of the subject's brain caused by delivery of the transcranial stimulation and produce contemporaneous neurostimulation data developed using the transcranially sensed local magnetic fields. Electronic circuitry comprising a controller is configured to control operation of the respective arrays.

Abstract: A feedback system that identifies characteristics of one or more cells being grown on a metasurface and utilizes the characteristics to initiate and adjust a field applied to the metasurface to control adhesion of the cells to and from the metasurface. The metasurface includes a plurality of structures whose resonances (localized or non-localized) have a wavelength range of 250 nm-3 microns. In one embodiment, the system leverages machine learning to automatically identify characteristics of the one or more cells or the metasurface and adjust the parameters of the field based on the characteristics. Sensors are utilized during the application of the field to monitor characteristics of the one or more cells or the metasurface and parameters of the field. Based on the measurements, parameters of the field can be adjusted to achieve the desired effect on the detachment of the cells.

Abstract: A contact interfacing conductive receptacle is provided. The contact interfacing conductive receptacle includes a housing sized to receive an object including water. The housing includes one or more non-transfer material pieces and two or more transfer material pieces. Each transfer material piece is configured to provide conductivity and provides a field to a different portion of the object. The transfer material pieces are integrated with the non-transfer material pieces.

Abstract: A feedback system that identifies characteristics of a colloid and utilizes the characteristics to initiate and adjust a field applied to the colloid is provided. In one embodiment, the system leverages machine learning to automatically identify a condition of the colloid and adjust the supercooling parameters. Sensors are utilized during supercooling to monitor a condition of the colloid being supercooled. Specifically, characteristics of the colloid are measured at different points, areas, or volumes on the colloid and the measurements are used to determine whether supercooling is being achieved or whether the colloid is starting to freeze or undergoing another undesirable phase change. Based on the measurements, parameters of the field can be adjusted to ensure supercooling of the colloid without freezing or causing another undesirable phase change. When phase change is desired, rate of phase change can be controlled to achieve desired characteristics of the colloid.

Abstract: A method for forming crystallized forms of water is provided. Water is maintained in a container. A field is applied to the water, and the water is maintained in liquid form at a below freezing temperature via the applied field. Movement of the water in liquid form is created out of the container and ice is formed from the water upon the movement from the container.

Abstract: A method for feedback-based supercooling. One or more composition characteristics of an object are identified. A value for the identified composition characteristics are determined. One or more parameters are determined for one or more fields, including electromagmentic, magnetic or electric fields based on the determined values for one or more of the identified composition characteristics. The object is supercooled by applying the fields to the object using the parameters. One or more of the composition characteristics or characteristics of the field are monitored during application of the fields via at least one feedback sensor and one or more of the parameters for the field are adjusted based on the monitored composition characteristics or field characteristics.

Abstract: A feedback-based device for nucleation control is provided. A supercooling tray is sized to hold an object. Field generators include at least one magnet or transducer positioned with respect to the supercooling tray and a pair of electrodes located on opposite sides of the supercooling tray. One or more feedback sensors are configured to determine characteristics of the object at one or more spatial locations at multiple time points and each feedback sensor includes one of a reflectivity, electrical, acoustic, or hyperspectral sensor. A controller is configured to determine supercooling parameters based on the characteristics determined at the multiple time points and to control application of a field directed at the object by the field generators based on the supercooling parameter.

Abstract: A feedback system that identifies characteristics of an object and utilizes the characteristics to initiate and adjust a field applied to the object is provided. The system includes an array of array phase elements made of metamaterials that allow precise shaping of the field to be applied to a particular portion of an object based on characteristics of the object, including location and thickness of the object. Sensors are utilized during supercooling to monitor a condition of the object being supercooled. Specifically, characteristics of the object are measured at different points, areas, or volumes on the object and the measurements are used to determine whether supercooling (or another desired result) is being achieved or whether the object is starting to freeze. Based on the measurements, parameters of the field can be adjusted to ensure supercooling of the object without freezing.

Abstract: A feedback-based system and method that identifies characteristics of one or more cells and utilizes the characteristics to initiate and adjust a field applied to the one or more cells to control the cells' functioning and motility is provided. Machine learning can be leveraged to automatically identify characteristics of the one or more cells and adjust the parameters of the field based on the characteristics. Sensors are utilized during the application of the field to monitor characteristics of the one or more cells and parameters of the field. Specifically, characteristics of at least some of the cells are measured at different points, and the measurements are used to determine whether the desired effect has been achieved or whether unintended consequences are taking place. Based on the measurements, parameters of the field can be adjusted to achieve the desired effect on cell functioning, cell motility, or both.

Abstract: A system and method for feedback-based beverage supercooling is provided. An object is identified as a liquid beverage. Cooling is applied to the beverage. The beverage reaches a temperature in a range of ?1° C. and ?20° C. and maintains a liquid form. The beverage maintains a liquid form via at least one field applied to the beverage. The field is adjusted based on a change in characteristics of the beverage to maintain the liquid form.

Abstract: A system for modifying pH in an aqueous environment comprises an aqueous salt solution feed stream having a first pH and an electrochemical device positioned proximate an aqueous restoration area. The electrochemical device is configured to receive the feed stream and convert the feed stream to an acid stream and a base stream having respective predetermined pH values. A first effluent stream comprises the base stream, wherein the first effluent stream has a second pH that is higher than the first pH. The first effluent stream is delivered proximate the aqueous restoration area. A second effluent stream comprises the acid stream, wherein the second effluent stream has a third pH that is lower than the second pH.

Abstract: A neuromodulator includes one or more coil sets. Each of the coil sets has three coils aligned to produce magnetic and electric fields in three different directions. A plurality of conductors couple the coils of the one or more coil sets to one or more input signals such that each of the coils is independently activated via an individually selectable current applied through the conductors. The individual activation creates a resultant field that is a combination of the magnetic and electric fields in three different directions for each of the coil sets.

Abstract: A support structure for placement on or about a subject's head supports an ultrasound transducer array configured to deliver transcranial stimulation to a specified region or regions of the subject's brain using pre-recorded neurostimulation data. The pre-recorded neurostimulation data comprises patterns of stimulation of the specified region or regions of the subject's brain or other person's brain developed to recreate a response by one or more of a sensing organ or sensing organs, a vestibular system, and a memory of the subject. A magnetic sensor array is mounted to the support structure and configured to transcranially sense local magnetic fields emanating from the specified region or regions of the subject's brain caused by delivery of the transcranial stimulation and produce contemporaneous neurostimulation data developed using the transcranially sensed local magnetic fields. Electronic circuitry comprising a controller is configured to control operation of the respective arrays.

Abstract: A system comprises a support structure configured for placement on or about a subject's head and an electronic recording apparatus comprising an array of magnetic sensors mounted to the support structure. The array of magnetic sensors is configured for transcranial sensing of local magnetic fields emanating from a specified region of a subject's brain. The sensed local magnetic fields correspond to patterns of stimulation of the specified region of a subject's brain caused by stimulating one or more of a sensing organ or sensing organs, a vestibular system, and a memory of the subject. An electronic memory is configured to record neurostimulation data representative of the patterns of stimulation of the specified region of the subject's brain.

Abstract: An electronic memory is configured to store pre-recorded neurostimulation data comprising patterns of stimulation of a specified region of a subject's brain developed to recreate a response by one or more of a sensing organ or sensing organs, a vestibular system, and a memory of the subject. A focused ultrasound transducer arrangement is operably coupled to the electronic memory and comprises an array of ultrasound transducers. The focused ultrasound transducer arrangement is configured to deliver transcranial stimulation to the specified region of a person's brain using the pre-recorded neurostimulation data to recreate the response by one or more of the sensing organ or sensing organs, the vestibular system, and the memory of the subject. A support structure is configured for placement on or about a person's head. The support structure is configured to support at least the focused ultrasound transducer arrangement.

Abstract: A particle is provided that includes a first material and a second material, arranged to provide a Fano resonance effect, for example in the visible portion of electromagnetic spectrum. The first and second materials may be substantially clear in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The first material may include an inorganic material, such as SiO2, TiO2, HfO2, ZrO2, diamond, or a combination thereof. The second material may include a polymer. The first material has a first refractive index and the second material has a second refractive index, where the first refractive index and second refractive index have a difference of 0.5 or greater, and 1.0 or less. The first material may form a core and the second material may form a shell surrounding the core. Alternatively, the first and second materials may form a Janus particle, an asymmetric dimer, or an aggregate.

Abstract: A neuromodulator includes an electromagnetic (EM) wave generator configured to generate EM waves remote from a patient and to direct the EM waves to one or more target regions within the patient. Frequencies of the EM waves fall outside a range of frequencies that activates neurons. Intersection of the EM waves in each target region creates envelope-modulated electric and magnetic fields having one or more frequencies that fall within the range of frequencies that activates neurons. The neuromodulator includes control circuitry configured to control parameters of the EM waves produced by the EM wave generator. The neuromodulator may use feedback based on one or more of patient input and/or sensing of physiological signals in order to close the loop and control the EM waves.

Abstract: An implantable magnetic neurostimulation probe includes at least one electrical conductor disposed on a substrate and arranged in at least one planar loop. At least one planar magnetic core comprising a magnetic material is disposed on the substrate and within the planar loop. A biocompatible coating is disposed over the substrate, electrically conductive trace, and magnetic core.

Abstract: A neuromodulator includes an electromagnetic (EM) wave generator configured to generate EM waves remote from a patient and to direct the EM waves to one or more target regions within the patient. Frequencies of the EM waves fall outside a range of frequencies that activates neurons. Intersection of the EM waves in each target region creates envelope-modulated electric and magnetic fields having one or more frequencies that fall within the range of frequencies that activates neurons. The neuromodulator includes control circuitry configured to control parameters of the EM waves produced by the EM wave generator. The neuromodulator may use feedback based on one or more of patient input and/or sensing of physiological signals in order to close the loop and control the EM waves.