Abstract: A metal-air battery includes a canister and a spiral wound electrode assembly disposed within the canister. The electrode assembly includes an ion permeable and substantially gas impermeable anode, a catalytic cathode, and a dielectric separator disposed between the anode and cathode.

Abstract: A portable electronics device includes a case, an electrical plane disposed within the case, and a laminated self-supporting uncontained air breathing membrane electrode assembly (MEA). The MEA includes an air positive electrode, a metal negative electrode, and a solid electrolyte in ionic communication with the electrodes. This arrangement, in certain circumstances, does not require a dedicated casing to surround the MEA—reducing a thickness of the device.

Abstract: A catalytic layer may be formed by infiltrating a mobile phase including metal salts into a metal scaffold to form a percolated scaffold, drying the percolated scaffold to form a green-group scaffold, and calcining the green-group scaffold such that perovskites form from the metal salts and chemically bind to the metal scaffold.

Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly includes a gas diffusion layer, a catalytic layer in fluid communication with the gas diffusion layer, an anodic layer and a bipolar solid electrolyte disposed between the catalytic and anodic layers. The bipolar solid electrolyte inhibits carbonate formation in air breathing alkaline cells and inhibits dendritic growth between the anodic and catalytic layers.

Abstract: A positive electrode may include an electrically conductive scaffold, conductive catalytic A-site deficient perovskite particles chemically bonded to the scaffold, an ion and gas permeable ionomer connecting the particles, and a hydrophobic porous layer on the scaffold. A secondary air electrode may include conductive bi-functional catalytic A-site deficient perovskite particles including AI-site lanthanum cations and AII-site alkaline earth metal cations, an ion and gas permeable ionomer connecting the particles, and a conductive scaffold in electrical contact with the particles.

Abstract: A metal-air battery includes a canister and a spiral wound electrode assembly disposed within the canister. The electrode assembly includes an ion permeable and substantially gas impermeable anode, a catalytic cathode, and a dielectric separator disposed between the anode and cathode.

Abstract: A metal-air battery includes a canister and a spiral wound electrode assembly disposed within the canister. The electrode assembly includes an ion permeable and substantially gas impermeable anode, a catalytic cathode, and a dielectric separator disposed between the anode and cathode.

Abstract: An energy storage system according to the present disclosure includes a cell having an electrode and a deposition facilitating structure proximate the electrode for facilitating deposition of material on the electrode. The deposition facilitating structure includes first and second outer layers and an intermediate support arrangement positioned between the outer layers and connected to the outer layers.