Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and continuous processes of preparing tricyanoimidazole (a compound of Formula (A)) or a salt (e.g., a potassium or lithium salt) thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein is a process comprising reacting a metal salt of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide with an effective amount of di(C1-3 alkyl) sulfate or di(C2-3 alkenyl) sulfate in a solvent substantially free of dioxane to provide an N—(C1-3 alkyl) or an N—(C2-3 alkenyl) bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, wherein the metal salt is an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt, the effective amount ranges from a molar excess to 10 molar equivalents of di(C1-3 alkyl) or di(C2-3 alkenyl) sulfate, and the solvent is selected from acyclic C4-12 ethers and/or C4-12 esters.

Abstract: A method for synthesis of platinum nanoparticles by continuous flow using large flow segments. The nanoparticles are monodispersed and can undergo acid leaching to form platinum catalyst, such as PtNi or PtCo catalyst material.

Abstract: A method for scaled-up synthesis of PtNi nanoparticles. Synthesizing a Pt nanoparticle catalyst comprises the steps of: synthesizing PtNi nanoparticles, isolating PtNi/substrate nanoparticles, acid leaching the PtNi/substrate, and annealing the leached PtNi/substrate nanoparticles, and forming a Pt-skin on the PtNi/substrate nanoparticles.

Abstract: A method for scaled-up synthesis of PtNi nanoparticles. Synthesizing a Pt nanoparticle catalyst comprises the steps of: synthesizing PtNi nanoparticles, isolating PtNi/substrate nanoparticles, acid leaching the PtNi/substrate, and annealing the leached PtNi/substrate nanoparticles, and forming a Pt-skin on the PtNi/substrate nanoparticles.

Abstract: A single step method for producing a redox shuttle having the formula 2,5-di-tert-butyl-1,4-phenylene tetraethyl bis(phosphate) is provided, the method comprising phosphorylating tert butyl hydroquinone with a phosphate-containing reagent. Also provided is method for producing 2,5-di-tert-butyl-1,4-phenylene tetraethyl bis(phosphate), the method comprising solubilizing tert-butyl hydroquinone and tetrabutylammonium bromide with methyltetrahydrofuran to create a mixture; heating the mixture while adding base to the mixture in an amount to turn the mixture orange; and adding diethyl chlorophosphate to the orange mixture in an amount to phosphorylate the hydroquinone.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for preparing 1,4-di-tert-butyl-2,5-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)benzene, the method comprising reacting 2,5-di-tert-butylbenzene-1,4-diol with cesium carbonate and halogenated ether in dimethyl formamide. The method yields 500 gram batches at a time, or multiples thereof. The method enables the industrial production of redox shuttles for use in lithium ion battery systems.