Abstract: Methods and systems of fabrication of high resolution, high-throughput electrochemical sensing circuits on a substrate. High resolution electrochemical sensing circuits are printed by an effective additive technique to the substrate. Optionally, post-print annealing converts electrochemically inactive printed graphene into one that is electrochemically active. The printing can be by aerosol jet printing, but is not necessarily limited thereto. An example is inkjet printing and then the post-print annealing. Ink formulation would be adjusted for effectiveness with inkjet printing. Optionally biorecognition agents can be covalently bonded to the printed graphene for the purpose of electrochemical biosensing. High throughput fabrication of high-resolution graphene circuits (feature sizes in the tens of microns <50 ?m) for electrochemical biosensing is possible by chemical functionalization of the graphene surface with a biological agent.