Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method for the in-situ encapsulation and/or insulation of piping using silicone-based compositions such as liquid silicone rubber materials and/or silicone foams. The method is useful for encapsulation and/or insulation of underground piping, particularly underground piping carrying high temperature (e.g., >120° C.) fluids, such as steam. The in-situ encapsulation and/or insulation may be done by inserting a hose into a pipe cavity so that a first end of the hose is remotely positioned next to the pipe and a second end of the hose is attached to a pumping system. A silicone composition is pumped through the hose and into the cavity surrounding from the remote first end of the tubing at a first predefined rate, and the hose is gradually withdrawn from the cavity at a second predefined rate. The silicone material is allowed to cure and become rigid, thereby encapsulating and/or insulating the pipe.

Abstract: A rigid polyurethane foam formulation comprising a polyester polyol having a hydroxyl number of from 150 to 600 mg KOH/g and a functionality of at least 2, a blowing agent comprising water and an auxiliary blowing agent, a non-silicone organic surfactant, greater than 0.1% to less than 3.7% of a cyclic siloxane, by weight based on the total weight of the foam formulation, a catalyst, and optionally a flame retardant; and a polyisocyanate; such that the isocyanate index is in the range of from 100 to 500, a rigid polyurethane foam formed from the foam formulation; and a method of forming a rigid polyurethane foam.

Abstract: Hydroxyl-containing copolymers of butylene oxide and ethylene oxide having a hydroxyl equivalent weight of at least 150, an average of 1.8 to 6 hydroxyl groups per molecule of which hydroxyl groups at least 70% are primary hydroxyl groups and an oxyethylene content of no greater than 10% by weight based on the weight of the copolymer, are useful for making polyurethanes. These polyols are characterized by high reactivity and fast curing times. Polyurethanes made using these polyols have excellent mechanical properties and are highly hydrophobic.

Abstract: Polyurethanes are made in a one-shot process from one or more polyols having a hydroxyl equivalent weight of at least 350, wherein at least 50% of the weight of iii) is a hydroxyl-containing polymer of propylene oxide, the hydroxyl-containing polymer of propylene oxide having a hydroxyl equivalent weight of at least 350, an average of 1.8 to 3 hydroxyl groups per molecule of which hydroxyl groups 40 to 70% are primary hydroxyl groups, an oxyethylene content of no greater than 10% by weight based on the weight of the polymer and a polydispersity of 1.175 or less. The polyurethanes exhibit excellent mechanical properties, are highly hygroscopic and cured rapidly.

Abstract: A fire-resistant polyurethane composition and a fire-resistant product comprising the fire-resistant polyurethane composition. The fire-resistant polyurethane coating composition comprises: an aromatic isocyanate component, a polyol component, and an intumescent component; wherein the aromatic structure in the polyurethane backbone is ?24 wt %. The fire-resistant polyurethane composition could provide surprisingly good intumescent layer toughness as well as good insulation performance.

Abstract: Coated proppant particles are prepared from a coating composition that includes at least one polyisocyanate and an isocyanate trimerization catalyst. The coating composition preferably is devoid of an effective amount of a urethane, urea and carbodiimide catalyst. The coating composition cures rapidly at moderate temperatures, and bonds to itself well under conditions of heat and pressure as are experienced by the particles in subterranean formations.

Abstract: A fire retardant article has a wood-based material with a polyisocyanurate foam article attached thereto, where the polyisocyanurate foam article covers 90% or more of the exposed portion of the wood-based material, has a thickness greater than 1.8 centimeters, a foam core having a density of 28-128 kg/m3, a trimer concentration characterized by at least one of (i) a trimer level in a range of 12-25 weight-percent and (ii) a molar ratio of trimer to sum of urethane and urea in a range of 1-8, a phosphorous concentration of at least 0.3 wt %, a combined concentration of phosphorous and bromine of at least 0.5 wt %, and a vapor permeable and non-combustible facer on at least one primary surface of the foam core.

Abstract: A formulation system contains: (a) a pre-polymer reaction product of a polymeric isocyanate and a polyether polyol, where: (i) the polymeric isocyanate contains five weight-percent or more methylene diphenyl diisocyanate; (ii) the polymeric isocyanate has a functionality of 3.0 or less; (iii) the polyether polyol is present in the pre-polymer at a concentration of one to 25 weight-percent; (iv) the polyol has an equivalent weight of 50 to 500 grams per equivalent; (v) the ?NCO concentration of the pre-polymer is 15 to 31 weight-percent; (vi) the pre-polymer is free of isocyanate trimers; (b) a polyester polyol component containing 10 to 25 weight-percent of free glycol; and (c) a blowing agent that contains less than five weight-percent water; where the ratio of pre-polymer and polyester result in foam having a trimer content of 12 to 22 weight-percent, and an ?NCO index of more than 300 and less than 700.

Abstract: A fire retardant article has a wood-based material with a polyisocyanurate foam article attached thereto, where the polyisocyanurate foam article covers 90% or more of the exposed portion of the wood-based material, has a thickness greater than 1.8 centimeters, a foam core having a density of 28-128 kg/m3, a trimer concentration characterized by at least one of (i) a trimer level in a range of 12-25 weight-percent and (ii) a molar ratio of trimer to sum of urethane and urea in a range of 1-8, a phosphorous concentration of at least 0.3 wt %, a combined concentration of phosphorous and bromine of at least 0.5 wt %, and a vapor permeable and non-combustible facer on at least one primary surface of the foam core.

Abstract: A formulation system contains: (a) a pre-polymer reaction product of a polymeric isocyanate and a polyether polyol, where: (i) the polymeric isocyanate contains five weight-percent or more methylene diphenyl diisocyanate; (ii) the polymeric isocyanate has a functionality of 3.0 or less; (iii) the polyether polyol is present in the pre-polymer at a concentration of one to 25 weight-percent; (iv) the polyol has an equivalent weight of 50 to 500 grams per equivalent; (v) the —NCO concentration of the pre-polymer is 15 to 31 weight-percent; (vi) the pre-polymer is free of isocyanate trimers; (b) a polyester polyol component containing 10 to 25 weight-percent of free glycol; and (c) a blowing agent that contains less than five weight-percent water; where the ratio of pre-polymer and polyester result in foam having a trimer content of 12 to 22 weight-percent, and an —NCO index of more than 300 and less than 700.

Abstract: A formulation system contains: (a) a pre-polymer reaction product of a polymeric isocyanate and a polyether polyol, where: (i) the polymeric isocyanate contains five weight-percent or more methylene diphenyl diisocyanate; (ii) the polymeric isocyanate has a functionality of 3.0 or less; (iii) the polyether polyol is present in the pre-polymer at a concentration of one to 25 weight-percent; (iv) the polyol has an equivalent weight of 50 to 500 grams per equivalent; (v) the —NCO concentration of the pre-polymer is 15 to 31 weight-percent; (vi) the pre-polymer is free of isocyanate trimers; (b) a polyester polyol component containing 10 to 25 weight-percent of free glycol; and (c) a blowing agent that contains less than five weight-percent water; where the ratio of pre-polymer and polyester result in foam having a trimer content of 12 to 22 weight-percent, and an —NCO index of more than 300 and less than 700.

Abstract: A formulation system contains: (a) a pre-polymer reaction product of a polymeric isocyanate and a polyether polyol, where: (i) the polymeric isocyanate contains five weight-percent or more methylene diphenyl diisocyanate; (ii) the polymeric isocyanate has a functionality of 3.0 or less; (iii) the polyether polyol is present in the pre-polymer at a concentration of one to 25 weight-percent; (iv) the polyol has an equivalent weight of 50 to 500 grams per equivalent; (v) the —NCO concentration of the pre-polymer is 15 to 31 weight-percent; (vi) the pre-polymer is free of isocyanate trimers; (b) a polyester polyol component containing 10 to 25 weight-percent of free glycol; and (c) a blowing agent that contains less than five weight-percent water; where the ratio of pre-polymer and polyester result in foam having a trimer content of 12 to 22 weight-percent, and an —NCO index of more than 300 and less than 700.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards functionalized oligomers. As an example, a functionalized oligomer can be represented of Formula (I): (Formula I) in which R1 is a structure of Formula II: (Formula II) and R2 has a formula —CxHyO—, wherein n is an integer having a value from 2 to 6, m is an integer having a value from 2 to 10, X independently is an integer having a value from 1 to 12, and Y is an integer having a value from 2 to 24.

Abstract: A polymeric foam article with a polymer matrix defining multiple cells therein has a polymer component with a first polymer that is a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane grafted polymer that has a weight-average molecular weight of two kilograms per mole or higher and 200 kilograms per mole or lower.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards functionalized oligomers. As an example, a functionalized oligomer can be represented of Formula (I): (Formula I) in which R1 is a structure of Formula II: (Formula II) and R2 has a formula —CxHyO—, wherein n is an integer having a value from 2 to 6, m is an integer having a value from 2 to 10, X independently is an integer having a value from 1 to 12, and Y is an integer having a value from 2 to 24.

Abstract: Polymer foam is made from a two-component foam system. The foam system includes an A-side component which contains a multifunctional Michael acceptor and a blowing agent that has a boiling temperature in the range ?40° C. to +100° C. The system also includes a B-side component that contains a multifunctional carbon-Michael donor, a surfactant and a blowing agent that has a boiling temperature in the range ?40° C. to +100° C. The viscosities of each of the components are 2,500 cPs or lower. Foam is made by separately pressurizing the components, then separately depressurizing them so they each at least partially expand. The partially expanded materials are then combined in the presence of a carbon-Michael reaction catalyst to form a reaction mixture which is cured to form the polymer foam.

Abstract: A polymeric foam article with a polymer matrix defining multiple cells therein has a polymer component with a first polymer that is a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane grafted polymer that has a weight-average molecular weight of two kilograms per mole or higher and 200 kilograms per mole or lower.

Abstract: Prepare a thermoplastic polymer foam having a porosity of 70% or more and at least one of: (i) an average cell size of 200 nanometers or less; and (ii) a nucleation density of at least 1×1015 effective nucleation sites per cubic centimeter of foamable polymer composition not including blowing agent using a foamable polymer composition containing a thermoplastic polymer selected from styrenic polymer and (meth)acrylic polymers, a blowing agent comprising at least 20 mole-percent carbon dioxide based on moles of blowing agent and an additive having a Total Hansen Solubility Parameter that differs from that of carbon dioxide by less than 2 and that is present at a concentration of 0.01 to 1.5 weight parts per hundred weight parts thermoplastic polymer.

Abstract: Prepare a thermoplastic polymer foam having a porosity of 70% or more and at least one of: (i) an average cell size of 200 nanometers or less; and (ii) a nucleation density of at least 1×1015 effective nucleation sites per cubic centimeter of foamable polymer composition not including blowing agent using a foamable polymer composition containing a thermoplastic polymer selected from styrenic polymer and (meth)acrylic polymers, a blowing agent comprising at least 20 mole-percent carbon dioxide based on moles of blowing agent and an additive having a Total Hansen Solubility Parameter that differs from that of carbon dioxide by less than 2 and that is present at a concentration of 0.01 to 1.5 weight parts per hundred weight parts thermoplastic polymer.

Abstract: Polymer foam is made from a two-component foam system. The foam system includes an A-side component which contains a multifunctional Michael acceptor and a blowing agent that has a boiling temperature in the range ?40° C. to +100° C. The system also includes a B-side component that contains a multifunctional carbon-Michael donor, a surfactant and a blowing agent that has a boiling temperature in the range ?40° C. to +100° C. The viscosities of each of the components are 2,500 cPs or lower. Foam is made by separately pressurizing the components, then separately depressurizing them so they each at least partially expand. The partially expanded materials are then combined in the presence of a carbon-Michael reaction catalyst to form a reaction mixture which is cured to form the polymer foam.