Abstract: Provided a connector including a first female connector and a first male connector. The first female connector includes a first male sleeve, and a probe is disposed on the first male sleeve. The first male connector includes a first female sleeve, in which an elastic structure is disposed in the first female sleeve. The probe passes through a hole on the first male sleeve and is electrically connected to a second female sleeve in a second male connector. The elastic structure is electrically connected to a second male sleeve in a second female connector.

Abstract: A solar cell testing system including a lower electrode, a solar cell, an encapsulation material, a sodium-containing template, an upper electrode, a voltage source and a measuring circuit is provided. The solar cell is disposed on the lower electrode. The encapsulation material is disposed on the solar cell. The sodium-containing template is disposed on the encapsulation material, wherein the sodium-containing template has a sodium ion content ranging between 9-39%. The upper electrode is disposed on the sodium-containing template. The voltage source is connected between the upper electrode and the lower electrode. The measuring circuit is connected between the solar cell and the lower electrode for measuring a shunt resistance of the solar cell.

Abstract: A solar cell testing system including a lower electrode, a solar cell, an encapsulation material, a sodium-containing template, an upper electrode, a voltage source and a measuring circuit is provided. The solar cell is disposed on the lower electrode. The encapsulation material is disposed on the solar cell. The sodium-containing template is disposed on the encapsulation material, wherein the sodium-containing template has a sodium ion content ranging between 9-39%. The upper electrode is disposed on the sodium-containing template. The voltage source is connected between the upper electrode and the lower electrode. The measuring circuit is connected between the solar cell and the lower electrode for measuring a shunt resistance of the solar cell.

Abstract: In one exemplary embodiment, an electrical characteristic measuring apparatus of solar cell comprises a resilient metal attached to a bus bar of a solar cell and a conducting device located at one end of the resilient metal. The resilient metal has an open via, and the conducting device contacts with the bus bar through the open via. The electrical characteristic measuring apparatus is attached to the bus bar located at a front plane of solar cell. The resilient metal and the conducting device, respectively, connect electrically to a testing device contacted to electrode located at the back plane of solar cell. Thus the resilient metal, the testing device, and the electrode of the back plane form a current measuring loop, and the conducting device, the testing device, and the electrode of the back plane form a voltage measuring loop.