Abstract: Some implementations described herein a provide a multi-die package and methods of formation. The multi-die package includes a dynamic random access memory integrated circuit die over a system-on-chip integrated circuit die, and a heat transfer component between the system-on-chip integrated circuit die and the dynamic random access memory integrated circuit die. The heat transfer component, which may correspond to a dome-shaped structure, may be on a surface of the system-on-chip integrated circuit die and enveloped by an underfill material between the system-on-chip integrated circuit die and the dynamic random access memory integrated circuit die. The heat transfer component, in combination with the underfill material, may be a portion of a thermal circuit having one or more thermal conductivity properties to quickly spread and transfer heat within the multi-die package so that a temperature of the system-on-chip integrated circuit die satisfies a threshold.

Abstract: Integrated circuit packages and methods of forming the same are discussed. In an embodiment, a device includes: a package substrate; a semiconductor device attached to the package substrate; an underfill between the semiconductor device and the package substrate; and a package stiffener attached to the package substrate, the package stiffener includes: a main body extending around the semiconductor device and the underfill in a top-down view, the main body having a first coefficient of thermal expansion; and pillars in the main body, each of the pillars extending from a top surface of the main body to a bottom surface of the main body, each of the pillars physically contacting the main body, the pillars having a second coefficient of thermal expansion, the second coefficient of thermal expansion being less than the first coefficient of thermal expansion.

Abstract: A data center network system based on software-defined network (SDN) is provided. The data center network system includes a plurality of physical machines, a plurality of Ethernet switches, a plurality of OpenFlow switches connected to each other, and a central control apparatus. Each of the physical machines includes a virtual switch and at least one virtual machine. The virtual switches modify destination media access control (MAC) addresses of packets to MAC addresses of the OpenFlow switches, such that the Ethernet switches forward the packets received from the virtual switches to the corresponding OpenFlow switches according to the MAC addresses of the OpenFlow switches. The OpenFlow switches modify the destination media access control (MAC) addresses of the packets to MAC addresses of virtual machines, such that the Ethernet switches forward the packet received from the OpenFlow switches to the corresponding virtual switches.

Abstract: A network controlling method and a network controller are provided. The network controlling method includes the following steps. A hybrid SDN-Ethernet system including a plurality of hosts, a plurality of Ethernet switches and m Software-defined networking switches (SDN switches) is provided. m is larger than or equal to 1. A first path according to at least one default spanning tree in the hybrid SDN-Ethernet system is obtained. m×k optional paths are obtained. Each of the m SDN switches is set as a beginning of each of k of the m×k optional paths. A second path is selected according to the m×k optional paths and the first path of the at least one default spanning tree.

Abstract: A network controlling method and a network controller are provided. The network controlling method includes the following steps. A hybrid SDN-Ethernet system including a plurality of hosts, a plurality of Ethernet switches and m Software-defined networking switches (SDN switches) is provided. m is larger than or equal to 1. A first path according to at least one default spanning tree in the hybrid SDN-Ethernet system is obtained. m×k optional paths are obtained. Each of the m SDN switches is set as a beginning of each of k of the m×k optional paths. A second path is selected according to the m×k optional paths and the first path of the at least one default spanning tree.

Abstract: A data center network system based on software-defined network (SDN) is provided. The data center network system includes a plurality of physical machines, a plurality of Ethernet switches, a plurality of OpenFlow switches connected to each other, and a central control apparatus. Each of the physical machines includes a virtual switch and at least one virtual machine. The virtual switches modify destination media access control (MAC) addresses of packets to MAC addresses of the OpenFlow switches, such that the Ethernet switches forward the packets received from the virtual switches to the corresponding OpenFlow switches according to the MAC addresses of the OpenFlow switches. The OpenFlow switches modify the destination media access control (MAC) addresses of the packets to MAC addresses of virtual machines, such that the Ethernet switches forward the packet received from the OpenFlow switches to the corresponding virtual switches.