Abstract: A method of decoding a coded video bitstream is provided. The method includes receiving the coded video bitstream, wherein the coded video bitstream contains a clean random access (CRA) picture and a first flag having a first value; setting a second value of a second flag equal to the first value of the first flag; emptying, by the video decoder, any previously-decoded pictures from a decoded picture buffer (DPB) based on the second flag having the second value; and decoding a current picture after the DPB has been emptied. A corresponding method of encoding is also provided.

Abstract: A video coding mechanism is disclosed. The mechanism includes receiving a bitstream comprising a gradual decoding refresh (GDR) picture, a recovery point picture following the GDR picture in decoding order, and a header associated with the GDR picture. The header includes a picture order count (POC) least significant bit (LSB) value coded prior to a recovery POC value. A POC for the GDR picture is determined based on the POC LSB value. The recovery POC value is determined based on the POC for the GDR picture. The recovery POC value indicates a POC for the recovery point picture. The bitstream is decoded according to GDR based on the GDR picture and the recovery point picture.

Abstract: A video coding mechanism is disclosed. The mechanism includes encoding into a bitstream a gradual decoding refresh (GDR) access unit (AU) and a buffering period (BP) supplemental enhancement information (SEI) message associated with the GDR AU. A hypothetical reference decoder (HRD) is initialized based on the BP SEI message. A HRD conformance test is performed on the bitstream using the HRD. The bitstream is stored for communication toward a decoder.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to novel lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based compositions useful for, e.g., the delivery of a site-specific endonuclease or a nucleic acid molecule encoding same, into a target cell. Some embodiments of the disclosure relate to compositions and methods for editing the genome of a cell, which involve contacting the cell with an LNP composition as described herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystal composition, a liquid crystal display element and a liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal composition, belonging to the field of liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal composition of the present disclosure comprises a compound represented by formula I and one or more compounds represented by formula II. The liquid crystal composition can increase the dielectric anisotropy and improve the voltage retention rate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystal composition, a liquid crystal display element and a liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal composition, belonging to the field of liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal composition of the present disclosure comprises a compound of formula I and one or more compounds of formula II. The liquid crystal composition can increase the dielectric anisotropy and improve the voltage retention rate.

Abstract: A method of decoding includes determining, by the video decoder, whether a resolution of a current picture being decoded is the same as the resolution of reference pictures identified by a reference picture list associated with the current picture; enabling, by the video decoder, decoder-side motion vector refinement (DMVR) for a current block of the current picture when the resolution of the current picture is determined to be the same as the resolution of each of the reference pictures; disabling, by the video decoder, the DMVR for the current block of the current picture when the resolution of the current picture is determined to be different than the resolution of either of the reference pictures; and refining, by the video decoder, motion vectors corresponding to the current block using the DMVR when the DMVR flag is enabled for the current block.

Abstract: A video coding mechanism is disclosed. The mechanism includes receiving a bitstream comprising a slice. A number of entry points (NumEntryPoints) in the slice is derived. Offsets for subsets of coded slice data with subset index values ranging from zero to the NumEntryPoints are determined. The slice is decoded based on the offsets for the subsets of the coded slice data. The slice is forwarded for display as part of a decoded video sequence.

Abstract: A video coding mechanism is disclosed. The mechanism includes receiving a bitstream comprising a flag and a plurality of coded pictures including an intra random access point (IRAP) picture and one or more non-leading pictures associated with the IRAP picture. When the flag is set to a first value any leading pictures associated with the IRAP picture precede, in decoding order, all non-leading pictures associated with the IRAP picture. When the flag is set to a second value a non-leading picture precedes, in decoding order, an initial leading picture associated with the IRAP picture. The IRAP picture, any leading pictures associated with the IRAP picture, and the one or more non-leading pictures associated with the IRAP picture are decoded in decoding order based on the flag.

Abstract: A method of decoding implemented by a video decoder including determining, by the video decoder, whether a resolution of a current picture being decoded is the same as the resolution of reference pictures identified by a reference picture list associated with the current picture; enabling, by the video decoder, bi-direction optical flow (BDOF) for a current block of the current picture when the resolution of the current picture is determined to be the same as the resolution of each of the reference pictures; disabling, by the video decoder, the BDOF for the current block of the current picture when the resolution of the current picture is determined to be different than the resolution of either of the reference pictures; and refining, by the video decoder, motion vectors corresponding to the current block using the BDOF when the BDOF is enabled for the current block.

Abstract: A method of decoding a coded video bitstream implemented by a video decoder is disclosed. The method includes determining that a coded video sequence (CVS) of the coded video bitstream includes a video coding layer (VCL) network abstraction layer (NAL) unit having a gradual decoding refresh (GDR) network abstraction layer (NAL) unit type (GDR_NUT), the VCL NAL unit having the GDR_NUT containing a GDR picture; initiating decoding of the CVS at the GDR picture; and generating an image according to the CVS as decoded. A corresponding method of encoding is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention proposes a method of separating hemicellulose through efficient pretreatment of fibrous biomass materials. Fibrous biomass materials are first pretreated by the slurry method: the fibrous biomass materials are milled through ball mills and sieved to obtain fibrous biomass material powder, and the powder is mixed with water at room temperature to obtain slurry premixed solution of the fibrous biomass material powder. Through regulation and control of the reaction temperature, the time and the water amount, efficient hydrothermal removal of hemicellulose from the fibrous biomass material powder is realized. After the mixed solution is filtered, the filtrate is subject to gradient sedimentation to separate hemicellulose with low dispersity, and the sediment is then dried before storage. After the filter residue is mixed with polar aprotic solvent and water, and heated and stirred in a pressurized reactor, high-purity cellulose is obtained through filtering and separation.

Abstract: A video coding mechanism is disclosed. The mechanism includes receiving a bitstream comprising a flag and a picture including a sub-picture with a sub-picture boundary. The sub-picture is decoded. Filtering operations are performed across the sub-picture boundary when the flag is set to a first value. The filtering operations across the sub-picture boundary are omitted when the flag is set to a second value. The sub-picture is forwarded for display as part of a decoded video sequence.

Abstract: A video coding mechanism is disclosed. The mechanism includes receiving a bitstream comprising a current picture including a sub-picture coded according to inter-prediction. A motion vector for a block of the sub-picture is determined. A clipping function is applied to sample locations in a reference block to support application of an interpolation filter when the motion vector points outside of the sub-picture and when a flag is set to indicate the sub-picture is treated as a picture. The interpolation filter is applied to results of the clipping function to obtain a predicted sample value. The block is decoded based on the predicted sample value. The block is forwarded for display as part of a decoded video sequence.

Abstract: A video coding mechanism is disclosed. The mechanism includes receiving a bitstream comprising a picture including a sub-picture. A width of the sub-picture in units of coding tree blocks (CTBs) and a height of the sub-picture in units of CTBs are obtained from the bitstream. The coding blocks of the sub-picture are decoded based on the width of the sub-picture and the height of the sub-picture. The coding blocks of the sub-picture are forwarded for display as part of a decoded video sequence.

Abstract: A video coding mechanism is disclosed. The mechanism includes receiving a bitstream comprising a flag and a plurality of sub-pictures associated with a picture. The plurality of sub-pictures are contained in a plurality of video coding layer (VCL) network abstraction layer (NAL) units. The mechanism determines that VCL NAL units of one or more of the sub-pictures of the picture all have a first particular value of NAL unit type and other VCL NAL units in the picture all have a different second particular value of NAL unit type based on a value of the flag. One or more of the sub-pictures are decoded based on the first particular value of NAL unit type and the second particular value of NAL unit type. One or more of the sub-pictures are forwarded for display as part of a decoded video sequence.

Abstract: A method of decoding a coded video bitstream implemented by a video decoder is provided. The method includes the video decoder receiving the coded video bitstream, the coded video bitstream containing a gradual decoding refresh (GDR) flag corresponding to a coded video sequence (CVS); determining, by the video decoder, whether a GDR picture is present in the CVS based on a value of the GDR flag; initiating, by the video decoder, decoding of the CVS at the GDR picture when the value of the GDR flag indicates that the GDR picture is present; and generating, by the video decoder, an image according to the CVS as decoded. A corresponding method of encoding implemented by a video encoder is also disclosed.

Abstract: A video coding mechanism is disclosed. The mechanism includes receiving a bitstream comprising a flag and a picture including a tile with a tile boundary. The tile is decoded. Filtering operations are performed across the tile boundary when the flag is set to a first value. The filtering operations across the tile boundary are omitted when the flag is set to a second value. The tile is forwarded for display as part of a decoded video sequence.

Abstract: A method of decoding a coded video bitstream implemented by a video decoder is provided. The method includes the video decoder determining whether a value for a first flag is provided by an external input; setting a first flag equal to the value provided by the external input and a second flag equal to the value of the first flag to prevent a gradual decoding refresh (GDR) picture from being output when the value for the first flag is provided by the external input; decoding the GDR picture; and storing the GDR picture in a decoded picture buffer (DPB).

Abstract: A method of decoding a coded video bitstream implemented by a video decoder is provided. The method includes the video decoder determining whether a gradual decoding refresh (GDR) picture in the coded video bitstream is an initial picture in decoding order or the initial picture following an end of sequence (EOS) network abstraction layer (NAL) unit in the decoding order; setting a flag to a value to prevent the GDR picture from being output when the GDR picture is the initial picture in decoding order or the initial picture following the EOS NAL unit in the decoding order; decoding the GDR picture; and storing the GDR picture in a decoded picture buffer (DPB).