Abstract: A system includes a DC-DC converter. The DC-DC converter includes a first stage configured to reduce DC input voltage to the DC-DC converter an intermediate voltage, and a second stage configured to reduce the intermediate voltage from the first stage to a DC output voltage for output from the DC-DC converter. A controller is operatively connected to control the DC-DC converter for converting the DC input voltage to the DC output voltage.

Abstract: A DC to AC converter includes an input configured to receive a DC input voltage, an output and two serially connected capacitors connected across the output. The two serially connected capacitors including a first capacitor and a second capacitor connected together at a connection node. The converter also includes a first parallel converter connected between the input and the connection node and a second parallel converter connected between the input and the connection and in parallel with the first parallel converter. The converter also includes a controller that selectively connects the first and second parallel converters to the input based on a first duty cycle (D1) and second duty cycle (D2), respectively. The controller determines D1 based on comparing a desired alternating current signal across the second first to a measured alternating current signal across the first capacitor such that D1 varies over time.

Abstract: A DC to DC converter includes an input configured to receive a DC input voltage, an output and two serially connected capacitors connected across the output. The two serially connected capacitors include a first capacitor and a second capacitor connected together at a connection node. The converter also includes a first parallel converter connected between the input and the connection node, a second parallel converter connected between the input and the connection and in parallel with the fist parallel converter, and a controller that selectively connects the first and second parallel converters to the input based on a desired magnitude and polarity of a voltage at the output.