Abstract: A sample pretreatment kit for detecting virus infectivity includes a photoactivatable dye capable of intercalating into a nucleic acid, and a nuclease capable of degrading the nucleic acid. The photoactivatable dye includes PMA dye, PMAxx dye, EMA, platinum compounds, or palladium compounds. The method for detecting virus infectivity includes steps of: (a) dividing a clinical sample into a test sample and a control sample; (b) treating the test sample with a photoactivatable dye and a nuclease; (c) exposing the test sample to a light for photoactivation; (d) amplifying a target nucleic acid in the test sample and the control sample; and (e) determining virus infectivity based on amplification results of the test sample and the control sample.

Abstract: A probiotic combination for inhibition of vancomycin-resistant enterococci includes Bacillus coagulans, Lactobacillus rhamnosus CG, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. The probiotic combination can inhibit growth, host cell attachment, or virulence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and also can inhibit virulence gene expression of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. The virulence gene includes at least one of asa1, acm, ebpA, ebpB, ebpC, efaA, sagA, esp, sgrA, and scm genes.

Abstract: A method for detecting infectivity of a human coronavirus is provided. The method includes steps of: (a) dividing a testing sample into a first sample and a second sample; (b) treating the first sample with an intercalating dye or chemical; (c) exposing the first sample to a light for photo-activation; (d) amplifying targeted nucleic acids in the first sample and the second sample; and (e) determining infectivity of the human coronavirus based on amplification results of the first sample and the second sample.

Abstract: A probiotic combination for inhibition of vancomycin-resistant enterococci includes Bacillus coagulans, Lactobacillus rhamnosus CG, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. The probiotic combination can inhibit growth, host cell attachment, or virulence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and also can inhibit virulence gene expression of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. The virulence gene includes at least one of asa1, acm, ebpA, ebpB, ebpC, efaA, sagA, esp, sgrA, and scm genes.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus includes a first lighting module, a second lighting module, a rectifier, and a controller. The rectifier is used to rectify the AC power into an input power. The controller is coupled to the rectifier, the first lighting module, and the second lighting module for receiving the input power. When the input power is less than a reference value, the controller controls the first lighting module, the second lighting module, and the rectifier to form a first connection state. When the input power is greater than the reference value, the controller controls the first lighting module, the second lighting module, and the rectifier to form a second connection state. Also, a controlling method of the lighting apparatus is disclosed.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus includes a first lighting module, a second lighting module, a rectifier, and a controller. The rectifier is used to rectify the AC power into an input power. The controller is coupled to the rectifier, the first lighting module, and the second lighting module for receiving the input power. When the input power is less than a reference value, the controller controls the first lighting module, the second lighting module, and the rectifier to form a first connection state. When the input power is greater than the reference value, the controller controls the first lighting module, the second lighting module, and the rectifier to form a second connection state. Also, a controlling method of the lighting apparatus is disclosed.

Abstract: A power conversion apparatus for correcting power factor, which converts an input voltage to an output voltage, comprises: an inductive component, a unidirectional conducting component, a switch, an energy storage component, a capacitive component, and an output circuit. The unidirectional conducting component connects to the inductive component and the switch in series. The energy storage component connects to the switch and the capacitive component in series. The capacitive component has a bias voltage. The output circuit couples to the energy storage component for outputting the output voltage. Wherein, the switch in a conduction state is capable of charging the inductive component by applying the input voltage and charging the energy storage component by applying the bias voltage, and the switch in a cutoff state is capable of discharging the capacitive component and the energy storage component to the output circuit and discharging the inductive component to the capacitive component.